浅析肾纤维化发病机制及研究进展

市公路局新年致辞

BEIJING, Dec. 14 (Xinhua) -- Chinese media selected the 10 most popular phrases from the past three decades to mark the official 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening up, which falls on this month.     When China began to reform and open-up 30 years ago, people began experiencing, seeing and doing new things. In fact things were so new, they needed to create new words to describe what was happening.     In order of popularity, starting with number one:     "Go in for business"     In the 1980s when China was starting to transition from a planned economy to a market economy, it had a two-track pricing system (official and market prices) for industrial raw materials, including steel, non-ferrous metals, timber and coal.     Seeing business opportunities within the pricing system, many people, especially government employees and those from state-run factories or institutes, quit their jobs to open their own businesses.     "Going for business" was often used to refer to the phenomena of people breaking away from the constraints of a planned system to embrace the market economy. 　　"Be laid off and get re-employed"     To adapt to the market economy and improve competitiveness of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in the 1990s, China began restructuring.     "Encouraging mergers, standardizing bankruptcy, laying off and reassigning redundant workers, streamlining for higher efficiency" was a guideline in the SOEs reforms.     No official statistics show how many workers were laid off during that period, but experts estimate the number could be tens of millions.     To avoid social unrest and help most of those workers find new jobs, the Chinese central government offered occupational trainings, small loans and preferential tax policies.     "Migrant worker"     China's reform and opening-up drive started in rural areas in 1978 with collectively-owned farmland contracted to individual families. This freed about 100 million peasants from farm work.     However, most of these people were tied to the countryside by a residence-based rationing system for virtually everything, including food. About 63 million of these former farmers were given jobs in village-run enterprises that mushroomed in those days.     A policy change in 1984 allowed them to find jobs in cities but the massive migration of rural laborers didn't start until after China decided to move to a market economy in 1992.     The rapid inflow of investors created many construction, factory and mining jobs, most of which urban dwellers consider too tiring or dirty.     The number of migrants grew from 60 million in 1992 to 120 million in 2003 and 210 million this year, according to central government figures.     The work of the migrant population has generated 21 percent of China's gross domestic product in the past 30 years, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences has found. But migrant workers face various problems, including delayed pay schedules, no or low work-place injury compensation, lack of health care and little schooling for their children.     "It doesn't matter if a cat is black or white, so long as it catches mice."     This sentence was used by late leader Deng Xiaoping, chief architect of China's reform and opening-up, on different occasions to clear up doubts as to whether the economic reform was capitalist or socialist.     The sentence helped stop ideological arguments at the early stage of reform and encouraged generations of Chinese to pursue their dreams in the market economy. 　　"Surfing the Internet"     The Internet was introduced in China more than 10 years ago. It quickly gained popularity and impacted society.     While online music, instant communication services, video streaming and online games greatly entertained millions of Chinese, the Internet also became a powerful news medium where information was disclosed, shared and publicized quickly.     Through June, China had 221 million netizens, according to the Data Center of China Internet (DCCI). The netizen population, which had already surpassed that of the United States to become the world's largest, would increase to 263 million by the end of this year, DCCI forecasted.     E-commerce transactions amounted to 2 trillion yuan (about 300 billion U.S. dollars) in 2007 and 25 percent of netizens had bought something online after "surfing the Internet" as of June this year. 　　"Reform and opening-up"     In 1978, a group of villagers from Xiaogang village in eastern Anhui Province decided to adopt a household contract responsibility system, which entrusted the management and production of public owned farmland to individual households through long-term contracts.     Later the system, described by then Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping as "a great invention of Chinese farmers", was widely adopted across the country and triggered economic reform.     Over the past 30 years, the country witnessed significant changes in comprehensive national strength, people's living standards and international influence thanks to the reform and opening-up policy.     China's share of the world's combined gross output rose to 6 percent at the end of 2007, compared with just 1.8 percent in 1978when its reform and opening-up began, according to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).     Fast economic growth over the past 30 years lifted China's GDP ranking in the world from 10th in 1978 to fourth after the United States, Japan and Germany     According to the NBS, China's per capita income jumped to 2,360U.S. dollars in 2007 from 190 U.S. dollars in 1978.     "Beijing Olympic Games"     Many believe that without opening-up, it would be impossible for China to host the 2008 Beijing Olympics.     The Games, commended by International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Jacques Rogge as "truly exceptional", were seen by the world as China's come-of-age show on the international stage.     China grabbed a total of 100 medals at the Beijing Games -- a coincidence as the country dreamt for 100 years to be the Olympic host -- and overtook the United States to top the gold medal count with 51.     As the most watched Games in history, with an estimated 4.5 billion TV and Internet viewers, the Beijing Olympics attracted the most participants, who were from a record 204 countries and regions.     "Speculate in stocks"     In 1990, China opened its first stock exchange in Shanghai, the country's industrial and financial center. In 1991, it set up its second bourse in Shenzhen, the country's first special economic zone.     China witnessed waves of stock crazes over the years and fluctuations in the stock market touch the nerves of millions of Chinese.     In 2007, the country saw a bull stock market, with the key benchmark Shanghai Composite Index soaring from 2,728 points in January to 5,261 points, or 92.85 percent, on December 28.     In fact, the market has been on a bullish run for 29 months from June 6, 2005 to November 2007, longer than the general bullish market cycle of 17 to 24 months.     But it has dipped since last November.     "Chinese characteristics"     The phrase became well-known as an answer by late leader Deng to the question of how China could improve its productivity and people's lives with its less-developed economy.     Deng's answer was "to build socialism with Chinese characteristics". It means China has its own way of development rather than copying other countries' experiences.     The phrase is frequently quoted by the Chinese and used in China's official documents.     "Rise abruptly"     The phrase, or "Xiong Qi" in Chinese meaning "Go! Go!", is a dialect of southwest China's Sichuan Province. It was originally used by football fans to inspire teams in the 1990s.     The phrase soon became popular among the Chinese public and was used widely outside the sports field to encourage people to keep up their spirits.     After the May 12 earthquake in Sichuan, Chinese used the phrase to show their care and support to the quake-affected areas and people.     The 10 phrases were selected by 15 Chinese media, including the Beijing Evening News, the Shanghai Evening Post, the Tianjin-based Jin Wan Bao, the Guangzhou-based Yangcheng Evening News and the Shanxi Evening News.     Newspapers, which are based in 15 provinces and municipalities, started soliciting catch phrases from the public in October, according to the Beijing Evening News.     The list, voted on by readers and netizens, was publicized in Shanghai on Saturday.

BEIJING, Nov. 14 (Xinhua) -- China's government on Friday pledged to make every effort to ensure the safe release of the crew of a Chinese fishing boat seized by Somali pirates off east Africa.     The Chinese Foreign Ministry issued a statement saying it was still assessing the situation and trying to obtain more information on the vessel, which was overrun late on Thursday.     The ministry would work with organizations abroad to ensure the safe release of the crew, according to the statement.     The vessel, owned by Tianjin Ocean Fishing Company, was hijacked by pirates armed with grenade launchers and automatic weapons off the coast of Kenya and was being held off the southern Somali port city of Kismanyu, according to reports on Friday.     The 24 crew comprised 16 Chinese, one Japanese, three Filipinos and four Vietnamese, according to China's Ministry of Transport.     A Somali pirate leader reportedly said all the crew members were "fine".

Palestinian National Authority(PNA) President Mahmoud Abbas (R) meets with Liu Yunshan, member of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau and head of the CPC Central Committee Publicity Department, in the West Bank city of Ramallah, Dec. 3, 2008.     RAMALLAH, Dec. 3 (Xinhua) -- A visiting senior official of the Communist Party of China (CPC) said here on Wednesday that China hopes for joint efforts to push forward the Middle East peace process.     Liu Yunshan, member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and head of the Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee, made the remarks during meetings with Palestinian National Authority (PNA) President Mahmoud Abbas and Prime Minister Salam Fayyad in the West Bank city.     Liu highlighted China's hope for realizing a comprehensive, just and everlasting peace in the Middle East at an early date, based on related UN resolutions and the "Land for Peace" principle.     Liu, who leads a CPC delegation, conveyed cordial greetings from CPC and Chinese leaders to Abbas and Fayyad, saying that relations between the two sides would witness greater development in the future.     Abbas expressed appreciation of the positive development of the solid ties between the Palestinians and China, expressing gratitude to China over its support for the Palestinian cause. Palestinian Prime Minister Salam Fayyad (R) meets with Liu Yunshan, member of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau and head of the CPC Central Committee Publicity Department, in the West Bank city of Ramallah, Dec. 3, 2008.     Citing China's success in hosting the Olympic Games and launching the Shenzhou VII manned space flight, Abbas said the Palestinian people are proud of the remarkable achievements of the friendly nation.     The Palestinian side is willing to strengthen communication and exchange with the Chinese government and the CPC in order to further develop bilateral relations in a comprehensive way, said Abbas.     Meanwhile, Fayyad said the Palestinian people cherish the enduring friendship with China and are willing to enhance mutual beneficial cooperation in all aspects, including politics, economy, culture and education.     Before the meetings, Liu laid a wreath at the grave of late Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat, which is located in the compound of the Palestinian president's office in Ramallah.     During his one-day trip in Ramallah, Liu, along with Abbas, also presided the signing ceremony for an economic and technical cooperation agreement between China and the Palestinians.     The Palestinian territories is the last leg of Liu's good-will visit to the region, which has taken him to Iran, Bahrain, Egypt and Israel.

优化排名选哪家

BERN, Switzerland, Jan. 27 (Xinhua) -- China and Switzerland decided on Tuesday to begin a joint feasibility study on creating a bilateral free trade zone in the second half of this year in preparation for formally launching negotiations on the issue.     During talks in the Swiss capital, visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and President of the Swiss Confederation Hans-Rudolf Merz exchanged views on the current international financial and economic situation and briefed each other on the policies and measures China and Switzerland have taken regarding the international financial crisis. President of the Swiss Confederation Hans-Rudolf Merz (L2) holds talks with visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R3) in Bern Jan. 27, 2009The two leaders agreed that it is an urgent task for the two countries to work more closely together to tide over the difficulties against the backdrop of the financial crisis.     The feasibility study on a free trade zone is one of the measures the two nations agreed to take in order to jointly tackle the challenges brought about by the international financial crisis.     Other measures include deepening financial cooperation, expanding trade and investment, opposing trade protectionism, and promoting reform of the international financial system.     China and Switzerland will also boost joint work in technology, energy, environmental protection, as well as in the medical and cultural sectors.     The Chinese premier arrived here earlier in the day for an official visit to Switzerland and will also attend the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum in Davos. President of the Swiss Confederation Hans-Rudolf Merz (R4) meets with visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R5) in Bern Jan. 27, 2009.Wen said during the talks with Merz that the political mutual trust between China and Switzerland has been deepened and bilateral cooperation has been fruitful since the two nations set up diplomatic ties 59 years ago.     He said China values the traditional friendship with Switzerland and is ready to promote high-level exchanges and expand their cooperation that is based on mutual respect and mutual benefit.     Merz expressed Switzerland's admiration for China's achievements in its reform and opening up, saying he believed China has an even brighter prospect for further growth.     Switzerland hopes to strengthen the political dialogue and practical cooperation with China, he said.     After the talks, China and Switzerland signed an agreement on promoting and protecting investment.

BEIJING, Dec. 12 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao has vowed the Chinese people will, as always, work together with the international community to promote healthy development of the human rights cause in the world.     Hu made the remarks in a letter to the China Society for Human Rights Studies on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the publication of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.     He said China will strengthen international cooperation, as it has always done, in the human rights field to make its due contribution to the building of a harmonious world featuring lasting peace and common prosperity.     China, however, will base its human rights development on the basic situation of the country while acknowledging the universal value of human rights, Hu said in the letter.     The country will prioritize people's rights to existence and development in its socialist modernization drive and ensure, in accordance with law, the equal rights to participation and development of all society members, Hu said, stressing the principle of "people first".     Citing the enshrinement of human rights in the Constitution, Hu said the country has recorded a new chapter of human rights development since the founding of New China and especially since the reform and opening-up 30 years ago, which has been witnessed by the whole world.

  BEIJING, Dec. 26 (Xinhua) -- The three warships forming the small fleet that set sail from Sanya in south China's Hainan Province for escort mission off Somali are among the most sophisticated vessels of the Chinese navy.     The flagship of the fleet, DDG-169 Wuhan, is a multi-purpose missile destroyer of Type 052B of the People's Liberation Army Navy. It was built by Jiangnan Shipyard of Shanghai in 2002. A ceremony is held before a Chinese naval fleet sets sail from a port in Sanya city of China's southernmost island province of Hainan on Dec. 26, 2008. The Chinese naval fleet including two destroyers and a supply ship from the South China Sea Fleet set off on Friday for waters off Somalia for an escort mission against piracy.    With a displacement of 7,000 tonnes, DDG-169 Wuhan is equipped with 16 anti-ship missiles, 48 surface-to-air missiles, close-in weapons system and a helicopter.     DDG-171 Haikou, the Navy's latest destroyer model, is one of the two Type 052C destroyers. It was built by Jiangnan Shipyard in2003. Photo taken on Dec. 25, 2008 shows the Chinese Navy's supply ship Weishanhu in Sanya, capital of South China's Hainan Province. The Chinese Navy's three-ship fleet awaiting sail to waters off Somalia has finished its preparations for the overseas deployment, the fleet commander said Thursday.     DDG-171 Haikou is equipped with China's first generation of phased-array radar and a vertically launched long-range air defence missile system. It will provide air defense the fleet. The ship displaces nearly 7,000 tonnes.     Type 052C destroyers provide the Navy with China's first true aerial defense capability. Both the Wuhan and Haikou have a maximum speed of 30 knots.     The supply ship, Weishanhu (pennant number 887) of the Navy's Qiandaohu class, was launched by Huangpu Shipyard in Guangzhou in 2003. It was commissioned in 2004. Weishanhu is the Navy's first model designed to have round-the-clock supply capacity.     Having a displacement of 23,000 tonnes and maximum speed of 19 knots, Weishanhu is the biggest homemade multi-product replenishment ship. Although its primary role is supply, it can also defend itself and take part in offensive operations using its eight 37mm guns.     All three warships belong to the South China Sea Fleet, headquartered in Zhanjiang of Guangdong Province.     The task force commander is Real-Admiral Du Jingchen, who serves as chief of staff of the South China Sea Fleet.     En route to the Gulf of Aden and waters off Somalia, the commander told Xinhua that the expedition has not been given any landing plans and Chinese warships will not accept assignment from other countries or regional organizations.     "But we will exchange information with other country's escort ships and provide humanitarian help in our power to foreign vessels in danger," Du said. Specification source

北京排名seo

BEIJING, Nov. 18 (Xinhua) -- China's police departments should further standardize the procedure of law enforcement and build harmonious relations with the people, China's top police official said on Tuesday.     State Councilor Meng Jianzhu, also Minister of Public Security, said at a tele-conference with local public security heads that the police should "be fully aware of the challenge brought by the global financial crisis and try their best to maintain social stability."     Meng urged the police to further improve the way of law enforcement, using "a harmonious thinking to ease conflicts and a harmonious attitude to treat the people".     "You should let the people know the authority and dignity of the law, and meanwhile make them feel the care and warmth from the public security authorities," he said.     Earlier this month, Meng published an article in the journal of the Communist Party of China, Qiushi, or Seeking Truth, underscoring "the appropriate use of police force".     "In handling mass incidents, we must be clear that the chief tasks of the public security authorities are to maintain order on the scene, ease conflicts, avoid excessive steps and prevent the situation getting out of control," he wrote.     And the local officials must exercise caution in using police forces, weapons and coercive force, Meng said. "Incidents of bloodshed, injury and death should absolutely be avoided."     A violent protest, involving 30,000 people, broke out on June 28 in Weng'an County of southwest China's Guizhou Province. The protesters rampaged through government buildings and torched more than 160 offices and about 40 vehicles. More than 150 police and protesters were injured, most slightly, and no deaths were reported.     Provincial Party Chief Shi Zongyuan later blamed some local officials' "rude and roughshod solutions" to solve disputes over mines, the demolition of homes for public projects, the relocation of residents for reservoir construction and other issues.     "Some officials neglected their duties, but resorted to police force when any dispute happened, which led to strained relations between officials and the people, and police and the public," Shi said.

成都seo优化排名

BEIJING, Nov. 28 (Xinhua) -- The Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee convened a meeting here on Friday, analyzing and studying the economic work of next year and setting out major tasks.     The meeting said that this year has been eventful and the country has risen to many daunting challenges, including the global financial crisis and domestic natural disasters. The economy has maintained a stable and relatively fast growth and society has been stable, which are hard-won achievements, it said.     The meeting, chaired by CPC Central Committee General Secretary Hu Jintao, warned that the worsening global financial crisis would have more impact on China's economic development, urging the country to take more precautionary measures to meet the challenges.     The meeting said that next year, which marks the 60th anniversary of the founding of New China, the nation should boost domestic demand for a stable and relatively fast economic growth, accelerate the transformation of development patterns and structure adjustment for sustainable development, deepen the reform and opening-up drive and solve problems that concern the people's interests for a healthy and rapid economic and social development.     Maintaining a stable and relatively fast economic development should be the foremost task for next year's economic work, it said, urging a better combination of ensuring growth, boosting domestic demand and adjusting structure.     An "active" fiscal policy and "moderately loose" monetary policy should be continued, and measures including tax reduction and increasing central government investment should be taken to safeguard the people's livelihood, stimulate domestic demand and transform development patterns, it said.     Consumption, rural consumption in particular, should be actively boosted and a set of major projects on livelihood, infrastructure and environment protection should be launched.     The position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy should be strengthened and agriculture production be boosted, it said.     The stable growth of foreign trade should also be maintained.     Structural adjustment should be accelerated, including developing the high-tech industry, small and medium-sized enterprises, the service sector and coordinating regional development.     More progress should be made on energy saving and emissions reduction and pollution treatment be stepped up, the meeting urged.     Rural reform and financial reform should be deepened, and people's livelihood should be improved and more jobs be created, it said.     The meeting also agreed in principle suggestions on judicial reform by the CPC Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission.     The reform should meet the judiciary needs of the people and aim at promoting social harmony, beef up measures to tighten the restraint on and supervision over the use of power, and remove barriers that hamper justice, it said.

BEIJING, Dec. 10 (Xinhua) -- A compensation scheme for families of sickened and dead babies in the tainted milk powder scandal, which caused a food safety scare in China, is under review, a Health Ministry spokesman said on Wednesday.     The ministry is collecting medical records and checking statistics to make preparations for compensation, spokesman Mao Qun'an told reporters.     Mao said he "has not been authorized to release details" about the compensation plan but assured the media that relevant departments are working on it and will release the results after the plan is adopted.     Mao also said local governments paid a large amount of money for hospital ultrasound equipment and medication after more than 22 million children needed testing after drinking formula containing an industrial chemical known as melamine. That testing started in September.     Children who were confirmed to have developed kidney stones received free treatment.     The ministry said earlier it was likely six babies died from drinking toxic milk powder. Another 294,000 infants suffered from urinary problems such as kidney stones.     The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine publicized the names of 22 dairy companies which produced milk products containing melamine after milk powder produced by Sanlu Group was found to contain the banned chemical in mid September.