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ASHGABAT, Dec. 14 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao's visit to Central Asia has been fruitful, Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi said Monday.     Hu has reached broad consensus with leaders of Central Asian countries on strengthening political mutual trust, deepening practical cooperation, and promoting communication and coordination in multilateral organizations, Yang told reporters.      CHINA-KAZAKHSTAN STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP PROMOTED Chinese President Hu Jintao (L) meets with Kazakhstan's President Nursultan Nazarbayev in Astana Dec. 12, 2009. During his visit to Kazakhstan, the Chinese leader reached agreement with his Kazakh counterpart, Nursultan Nazarbayev, on promoting the Sino-Kazakh strategic partnership, said Yang, who was accompanying Hu during his visit.     Hu made five proposals: strengthening political mutual trust, deepening cooperation in the energy sector and other sectors, enhancing financial cooperation, and expanding cultural cooperation.     Hu expressed China's willingness to work with Kazakhstan and support each other on issues concerning their core interests, and push forward practical cooperation in various areas.     Nazarbayev said he highly valued the important role of China's good neighborly foreign policy in promoting peace, security and development in Asia and the world.     The two leaders agreed to further promote practical cooperation between China and Kazakhstan in various fields, and strengthen cooperation in important organizations and frameworks such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-building Measures in Asia (CICA), Yang said. 

NAIROBI, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) -- The UN environmental agency UNEP Saturday hailed China's commitment to the fight against climate change and the recently-announced measure to render assistance to African countries in clean energy development.     China's State Council announced on Nov. 26 that China is going to reduce the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP in 2020 by 40 to 45 percent compared with the level of 2005.     "China's announcement has assisted in triggering fresh momentumin the days running up to the crucial UN climate convention meeting in Copenhagen. It underscores China's determination to continue and accelerate the decoupling of CO2 emissions from economic growth," said Nick Nuttall, spokesman for the office of UN Environment Programme (UNEP) executive director.     He noted that China's announcement, alongside commitments and pledges by other countries or blocs like the European Union, Brazil, Mexico and the Republic of Korea, is bringing the opportunity of a decisive agreement in the Danish capital this month far closer than perhaps was the case only a few months ago.     "China is one among several nations that has increasingly recognized that development in the 21st century and environmental considerations are not a contradiction, but can be mutually supportive in terms of generating growth and jobs for a healthy, prosperous and stable society," said Nuttall in an exclusive written interview with Xinhua.     With regards to the new measures announced by China last month to assist Africa with clean energy projects, the spokesman termed it as "timely".     "Africa is the continent that is the least one responsible for climate change, yet it remains the most vulnerable and also has an especially important need for energy with many of the two billion people without access to electricity living in Africa," Nuttall stressed.     "The decision (of China) to support 100 projects can assist Africa in economic development and diversification in terms of sectors and wider-employment prospects while assisting towards a more sustainable path," said he, "So in terms of fighting poverty, accelerating development and combating climate change, China's announcement to assist Africa is welcome news."     At the fourth ministerial conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation in the Egyptian resort of Sharm el-Sheikh earlier last month, the Chinese government proposed to establish a China-Africa partnership in addressing climate change, as one of the eight new measures to strengthen the cooperation between the two sides in the next three years.     Senior officials' consultations with African countries will be held from time to time in this field, while cooperation will be enhanced on satellite weather monitoring. Development and utilization of new energy sources, prevention and control of desertification and urban environmental protection will also be boosted.     China has also decided to build 100 clean energy projects for Africa covering solar power, bio-gas and small hydro-power.     The spokesman also expressed optimistic about the upcoming Copenhagen conference, "While there is a great deal to be done in Copenhagen to realize a decisive and equitable agreement, there is now a real chance that the UN climate convention meeting can be a success."     He also listed several tests which will be faced with by the participates of the crucial meeting, like whether it can agree on a deal that reflects the science of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, or in other words, whether it can set the stage for a 25 percent to 40 percent emission reduction by 2020 and deeper cuts beyond.     The funding was also a bottleneck in the bid to strike a pivotal deal in the meeting. Nuttall elaborated by identifying as a test whether "Copenhagen can develop a global financial partnership in which developing economies are given sufficient resource to adapt to the climate change already underway while being assisted towards a low carbon path".     According to UNEP estimates, sums of perhaps 100 billion U.S. dollars a year by 2020 may be needed and there needs to be a quick start fund of several billion dollars almost immediately.     Meanwhile, other elements need to be put in place including action that recognizes the mitigation and adaptation role of ecosystems like forests which will be increasingly important in terms of their role in delivering water supplies and stabilizing economically-important soils against extreme weather events, Nuttall told Xinhua.     UNEP's recent Blue Carbon report estimated that around half of all the world's transport emissions are being captured and locked away by sea grasses, mangroves and salt marshes.     "Copenhagen could and must be the start of a really new and more creative development path for six billion people, rising to nine billion by 2050," Nuttall said determinedly.     The Copenhagen climate summit is scheduled for Dec. 7-18, where representatives of about 190 countries are expected to renew greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets set by the Kyoto Protocol, the first commitment period of which is to expire in 2012. It is also expected to outline the post-2012 negotiation path.

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WASHINGTON, Dec. 30 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) on Wednesday slapped punitive penalties to imports of some 2.6 billion dollar oil country tubular goods (OCTG) from China, a move might escalate trade disputes between the two countries.     The ITC "has made affirmative determination in its final phase countervailing duty (CVD) investigation" concerning the oil pipes from China, said the ITC in a statement.     The trade agency has determined that "a U.S. industry is materially injured or threatened with material injury by reason of imports of certain oil country tubular goods from China that the U.S. Department Commerce has determined are subsidized," according to the statementThe U.S. Commerce Department made a final determination last month to impose duties between 10.36 percent and 15.78 percent on the pipes, which are mostly used in the oil and gas industries.     The ITC ruling paved the way for the imposition of duties.     The Commerce Department made its preliminary determination of CVD in September.     On Nov. 4, the Commerce also set preliminary antidumping (AD) duties on such imports from China, which is the biggest U.S. trade action against China.     Under that preliminary determination, Commerce set a 36.53 percent antidumping levy on OCTG from 37 Chinese companies, while some other Chinese companies will receive a preliminary dumping rate of 99.14 percent.     Commerce will make its final determination of antidumping duties early next year.     If Commerce makes an affirmative final determination, and the ITC makes an affirmative final determination that imports of oil tubular goods from China materially injures, or threaten material injury to, the domestic industry, Commerce will issue an antidumping duty order.     The antidumping and countervailing petition case was filed in April this year.     From 2006 to 2008, imports of OCTG from China increased 203 percent by value and amounted to an estimated 2.7 billion dollars in 2008, said the U.S. Commerce Department.     China strongly opposed the U.S. decision, saying that it is a protectionist move.     "China expressed strong dissatisfaction and is resolutely opposed to this," said China's Ministry of Commerce (MOC) spokesman Yao Jian in a statement in September.     "This does not comply with WTO agreements on subsidies. The U.S. used an incorrect method to define and calculate the subsidies, which has resulted in an artificially high subsidy rate, hurting Chinese firms' interests," said Yao.     "We hope the United States can get rid of the bias and admit China's market economy status soon to tackle the double standards thoroughly and give Chinese enterprises equal and fair treatment," Yao also said last month.     The U.S. industries also expressed strong dissatisfaction with the trade case, saying such a protectionist move would hurt U.S. companies.     The trade restrictions would "hurt U.S. using industries by raising their costs and making sources of supply uncertain," Eugene Patrone, executive director of the Consuming Industries Trade Action Coalition (CITAC) told Xinhua in September.     He noted that the tariffs would make oil and gas exploration and production be more expensive, projects be delayed, "which is against our national goal of being less dependent on imported energy."     The onset of the global recession appears to have set off an increase in trade disputes around the world.     Globally, new requests for protection from imports in the first half of 2009 are up 18.5 percent over the first half of 2008, according to the World Bank-sponsored Global Anti-dumping Database organized by Chad P. Bown, a Brandeis University economics professor.     That increase follows a 44 percent increase in new investigations in 2008.     And China has become the main target of the rising protectionism.     In another steel dispute, the U.S. Commerce Department said on Tuesday that it will impose antidumping tariffs of 14 percent to 145 percent on imports of 91 million dollar steel grating from China. A final determination will be made by the department in April 2010.

HUA HIN, Thailand, Oct. 24 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao on Saturday proposed strengthening cooperation between the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and China, Japan and South Korea to combat the global financial crisis. "Tackling the global financial crisis should remain the top priority for countries in the region at present," Wen said at the 12th summit between ASEAN and China, Japan and South Korea (ASEAN Plus Three) at the Thai beach resort of Hua Hin.     The countries within the ASEAN Plus Three system should further promote integration, peace and prosperity in the region by launching concrete cooperation efforts, he added. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (7th L) and other leaders pose for a group photo during the 12th summit between ASEAN and China, Japan and South Korea (10+3) in Hua Hin, Thailand, on Oct. 24, 2009.    Wen said steadfast efforts should be made to tackle the global financial crisis, and appropriate fiscal and monetary policies should continue to be adopted to promote stable economic growth.     Wen said he hoped the Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralization (CMIM), a 120-billion-U.S.-dollar regional reserve pool aimed at providing emergency liquidity for countries in financial crisis, could be launched by the end of this year.     He pledged 200 million dollars to the region's credit guarantee and investment fund.     Countries in the region should also step up efforts to develop the Asian bond market, he said.     On trade and investment within the region, Wen proposed streamlining customs clearance and investment approval procedures and expanding support for small and medium-sized enterprises.     Countries in the region should take measures to move toward an East Asia Free Trade Area step by step through the ASEAN Plus One and the ASEAN Plus Three mechanisms, Wen said.     China was willing to take the lead in promoting economic and trade cooperation among the countries in the ASEAN Plus Three system, he said.     Wen also proposed measures aimed at boosting interconnection and intercommunication, common development and the overall competitiveness of the region.     Leaders at the summit agreed that countries in the region needed to strengthen exchanges and cooperation in fields including trade, finance, energy, food security and disaster prevention and mitigation.     Coordination should also be enhanced on issues such as climate change and the reform of the international financial system, they said.     Wen arrived at Thailand on Friday to attend a series of meetings related to ASEAN, which groups Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Vietnam, and the summits' host, Thailand.

BEIJING, Dec. 9 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government reiterated Wednesday that to spur "sustainable and fast consumer spending" will be a priority next year, as the world's third-largest economy seeks to break from dependence on export and government pump-priming to drive post-crisis growth.     The government will continue to raise the earnings of the middle and low income groups to boost consumer spending, said a senior official with the nation's top economic planning body.     The government will step up research on optimization the income distribution mechanism to improve residents' purchasing power, Zhang Ping, minister in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), made the remarks at a national meeting charting the ministry's work in 2010.     The rare official stance on improving income distribution echoed the unanimous call from experts and the general public to bridge the yawning wealth gap between the rich and poor, which underlined the government's resolution to address the simmering social conflicts and the urgency to rebalance economic growth.     Zhang said the government will exert more efforts to sort out problems that have close bearing on public interests and ensure that all public members share the fruits of the development and reform, so as to safeguard social harmony and stability.     In concrete, the government will raise the pensions for enterprise retirees and improve treatment for those who enjoy special care. Local education, cultural and health-care facilities will also receive greater subsidy for expansion.     To revive the economic growth which lapsed to a decade low amid the global financial crisis, Chinese government unveiled a 4-trillion-yuan stimulus package, which was led by government investment, to counter falling exports, the driving force of the Chinese economy before the crisis took a toll.     As a result, as the GDP growth accelerated to 8.9 percent in the third quarter, investment contributed 7.3 percentage points while consumption devoted 4 percentage points.     "As the Chinese authorities have recognized that the rapid pace of recovery has exacerbated some of the economy structural imbalances, the authorities will focus on rebalancing growth, primarily by supporting consumption and private investment, with many consumer incentives to be carried out in 2010," said Jing Ulrich, managing director and chairman of China Equities and Commodities of J.P. Morgan.     Also on Wednesday, the State Council, or cabinet, decided to renew the preferential policies introduced early this year to boost car and home appliance sales.     "While investment growth should be managed at a reasonable pace, consumer spending should maintain sustainable and relatively fast expansion," Zhang said.     As investment binge and runaway bank lending prompted fears for asset bubble, Zhang said the government will step up efforts to curb speculative property transaction, and provide more affordable housing to middle and low income families.

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BEIJING, Jan. 10 (Xinhua) -- China's foreign trade in 2009 dropped 13.9 percent from a year earlier to 2.21 trillion U.S. dollars and its trade surplus last year slid 34.2 percent year on year to 196.1 billion U.S. dollars, according to figures released Sunday by the General Administration of Customs (GAC).     In breakdown, China's exports in 2009 stood at 1.2 trillion U.S. dollars, down 16 percent from in 2008, and imports reached 1.01 trillion U.S. dollars, down 11.2 percent from a year earlier, said the GAC.     In December 2009, monthly trade amounted to 243 billion U.S. dollars, which represented a year-on-year increase of 32.7 percent and a month-to-month rise of 16.7 percent.     Last month, China's exports were worth 130.7 billion U.S. dollars, up 17.7 percent from a year earlier. December's imports hit record monthly high to reach 112.3 billion U.S. dollars, up 55.9 percent from the same period of 2008, according to the GAC.

BEIJING, Dec. 1 -- Premier Wen Jiabao Monday rejected "unfair" calls from European countries for faster reform of China's currency policies, despite lobbying from EU financial chiefs at the weekend."Some countries demand the yuan's appreciation while practicing various trade protectionism against China. It's unfair and actually limits China's development," Wen told reporters in Nanjing, Jiangsu province.     European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso and Swedish Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt, whose country holds the rotating EU presidency, were also at the press conference. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao delivers a speech at the closing ceremony of the fifth China-EU Business Summit in Nanjing, capital of east China's Jiangsu Province, Nov. 30, 2009.    Wen's unusually direct response followed a one-and-a-half hour summit between China and the EU, which has 27 member-nations. The summit ended with five agreements mainly on energy and environmental cooperation.     But it also ended without a breakthrough on issues that have brought stalemate between the sides, such as trade disputes and arms embargoes.     Wen said China will keep the yuan basically stable and carry out currency reform at its own, gradual pace.     A stable yuan is not only good for the Chinese economy but the world, Wen said.     The meeting took place against the backdrop of concern about the rising euro and the possibility it might derail the recovery in Europe, which imports heavily from China.     The yuan began gaining against major currencies after a set of exchange rate reforms were introduced in July 2005. After rising nearly 20 percent against the US dollar, it hovered around 6.83 to the US dollar for about a year. In the past month or so, the euro has risen to a 15-month high.     Euro Group President and Luxembourg Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker joined other European leaders in lobbying China's senior officials.     The Chinese officials explained that it was difficult to make a case for "immediate renminbi appreciation" in a country where 40 million people live on less than 1 U.S. dollar a day. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (C), European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso (R) and Swedish Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt (L), whose country currently holds the rotating EU presidency, meet with the press after the 12th China-EU summit in Nanjing, capital of east China's Jiangsu Province, Nov. 30, 2009. The failure of the EU appeal was expected because Europe was only thinking about itself, claimed Wu Baiyi, a European studies expert at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.     Zhao Junjie, Wu's colleague, said that while China is not able to quickly change its currency policy, Beijing had made efforts in the past year to fill the EU trade gap.     "Actually, some of the goods bought by the dozen purchasing groups that China sent to the EU during the past year were bought only for the sake of the EU," he said. "But the EU still wants more."     Glenn Maguire, chief Asia-Pacific economist at Societe Generale SA in Hong Kong, told Bloomberg: "China will only adjust on its own terms and in its own time. It's decided that now is not the time to do that."     Despite lingering disputes, including trade protectionism and the EU's ban on the transfer of technology to China, Wen Monday raised expectations for improved relations with Beijing's largest trading partner.     "China and Europe walking together hand-in-hand will make the steps of humankind more steady, and that best illustrates the strategic significance of our ties," said Wen.     Barroso and other EU leaders Monday also applauded fresh Chinese commitments on countering climate change.     Stanley Crossick, founding chairman of the European Policy Centre, said Europe will need to commit to lifting its arms embargo against China.     "Beijing is right that listing China among a handful of embargoed pariah states is totally inconsistent with the treatment of a strategic partner," he said.     Crossick suggested that EU officials be trained in contemporary China and taught Mandarin.     Wen opened the door to better understanding Monday, announcing that 2011 will be the year for China-EU youth communication and the establishment of other youth and cultural exchange mechanisms.

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BEIJING, Dec. 7 (Xinhua) -- China would continue to adopt the proactive fiscal policy and moderately easy monetary policy next year and endeavor to improve the economic growth quality, according to the Central Economic Work Conference Monday.     Chinese President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao addressed the meeting, which is held once a year to set the tone for economic development during the next year.     It was agreed at the conference that 2010 is the last year in the counry's 11th five-year plan, and to do a good job in the country's economic and social development next year was of great importance to dealing with the impact of the international financial crisis successfully in an all-around way and laying a sound foundation for China's 12th five-year plan. Chinese President Hu Jintao, who is also general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and chairman of the Central Military Commission, speaks during the Central Economic Work Conference, in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 7, 2009. Other Chinese leaders Wu Bangguo, Wen Jiabao, Jia Qinglin, Li Changchun, Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang, He Guoqiang and Zhou Yongkang also attended the conference    More efforts would be made to promote the transformation of the economic development pattern and structural adjustments and to enhance the focus and flexibility of economic policy in the following year in line with new situations next year, according to the attendees of the meeting.     More efforts would also be laid on reform and opening-up, innovation, enhancing the vigor and momentum of the economic growth, improving people's livelihood, maintaining social harmony and stability, said participants of the conference.     It was agreed at the meeting that a good balance should be kept in maintaining a relatively fast and stable economic growth, economic restructuring and dealing with predicted inflation next year. Wen Jiabao, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Chinese premier, speaks during the Central Economic Work Conference, which was held in Beijing, capital of China, on Dec. 5-7, 2009The government would strengthen financial support to sectors including farming, science and technology, education, health care, social security, affordable homes, energy saving and environmental protection in 2010, according to participants of the conference.     The country would tightly control loans targeted at high energy-consuming, high polluting industries and those with excessive production capacity in a bid to improve loans quality and efficiency, according to the meeting.     The Central Economic Work Conference comprises policy-making officials from central and provincial-level governments. 

BEIJING, Nov. 8 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao on Sunday called for a "new chapter" of the development of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) air force.     Hu met with representatives of senior officers, role models and pilots of the PLA air force. Chinese President Hu Jintao (L front) meets with heroes of the Chinese Air Force on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the founding of China Air Force in Beijing, China, Nov. 8, 2009The PLA air force have made huge progress in its own development over the past six decades, with remarkable contributions to the protection of China's sovereignty, safety, territorial integrity as well as to the socialist modernization of the country, Hu said.     China's national defense and the modernization of its army are facing new situations and new tasks, Hu said.     The air force have also entered a key phase of development, Hu said, urging them to develop systematic capabilities for both offensive and defensive operations.     This year marks the 60th founding anniversary of the PLA air force