土木工程合同管理论文

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BEIJING, Feb. 12 -- A sharp fall in imports and exports in January, which included a weeklong Spring Festival holiday, has both puzzled and alarmed economists.     General Administration of Customs figures released yesterday showed exports plummeted 17.5 percent year-on-year, much sharper than the 2.8 percent fall in December.     Imports fell even more dramatically, to 43.1 percent year-on-year.     The combined foreign trade in January fell 29 percent year-on-year. Such a major decline in monthly foreign trade is rare in the 30 years of reform and opening up. General Administration of Customs figures released yesterday showed exports plummeted 17.5 percent year-on-year, much sharper than the 2.8 percent fall in December    Because of the global economic downturn, foreign trade is likely to fall for several more months, the economists said. Su Chang, a macro-economic analyst with China Economic Business Monitor, said it could decline by 10 percent in the first quarter of this year.     "It is possible that China's yearly record will be negative as well." But, he said the decline in imports would be largely because of the fall in prices of industrial materials.     "Prices of primary goods - China's main imports - are at a low points now, while they were at historic highs just a year ago," he said.     Last month, however, was an exception because it had one full week of holiday from January 26. The Chinese Lunar New Year is the most important festival for Chinese but usually it falls in February.     So this year, January had five fewer working days than those in many of the previous years. If that is considered, the Customs said, exports actually rose 6.8 percent year-on-year in January. And compared with December, they increased 4.6 percent.     The worldwide deflationary cycle was another problem, the economists said. The sharp drop in imports was caused both because of a fall in global prices (most noticeably of crude oil and farm products) and a drop in demand for electronic components, which reflected the shrinking of the country's manufacturing industry.     Ting Lu, economist with Merrill Lynch in Hong Kong, said there was no good method to adjust for the Chinese New Year effects. "Our first suggestion: ignore them," Lu said in note to clients in the monthly trade figures.     When compared with neighboring economies, experts said, China's record is not the worst. Jing Ulrich, analyst with JP Morgan, has written in a report that while the recent export slowdown has been alarming, it has not been as severe in China as in some neighboring economies that rely more heavily on the hi-tech sector.     While Jing Wang, chief economist of Morgan Stanley, said China's export structure is more diverse, and as a result less volatile, in the region.

BOAO, Hainan, April 18 (Xinhua) -- Former U.S. President George. W. Bush said Saturday that East Asia is playing a bigger role in global economy, and the world economic center has moved from Atlantic to Asia Pacific.     The Asia Pacific takes up 55 percent of the global economy, and it is of vital interest to stay "heavily engaged" with the countries in the region, he said at a banquet speech held during the Boao Forum for Asia (BFA) annual conference 2009. Former U.S. President George W. Bush gives a keynote speech at a dinner session in Boao, a scenic town in south China’s Hainan Province, April 18, 2009. Bush gave a keynote speech on the dinner session titled "The U.S., Asia and the Future" here on Saturday.  "That's why I have never missed a single APEC meeting when I was in office, because I know how important it is to the prosperity," he said.     "The global financial system does need reform, needs greater transparency," he noted.     "Accessible banking standard is needed to be in place to prevent over leverage. A better warning system is needed to be put into place to anticipate crisis," he said. Long Yongtu (L), Secretary General of Boao Forum for Asia (BFA), welcomes former U.S. President George W. Bush at a dinner session in Boao, a scenic town in south China’s Hainan Province, April 18, 2009. Bush gave a keynote speech on the dinner session titled "The U.S., Asia and the Future" here on SaturdayHe said that 20 years ago, a meeting of G7 or G8 was enough to sort out the problems, since they comprised a large share of the global economy. But now they are no longer significantly large, so such a meeting has to expand to 20, said Bush.     "We learn lessons from the past that we are intervened in close coordination with each other," he said.     As the 43rd U.S. president, Bush spoke out the fact that he had maintained good personal relations with China. He said making friends with Chinese leaders made it easier to do diplomacy. Long Yongtu (L), Secretary General of Boao Forum for Asia (BFA), gives a speech while former U.S. President George W. Bush listens at a dinner session in Boao, a scenic town in south China’s Hainan Province, April 18, 2009. Bush gave a keynote speech on the dinner session titled "The U.S., Asia and the Future" here on Saturday. He said changes in China are marvelous, and to have discussions without China sitting at the table makes no sense.     He stressed the world must resist isolation and protectionism, and must resist the temptation to over-correct.     "More we interact, more quickly we can succeed," he said.     In mid-March, Bush gave his first speech after leaving office in Calgary of Canada, which stirred up a protest of 200 people and shoe throwing outside the event, according to media reports.

TOKYO, March 29 (Xinhua) -- Li Changchun, a senior official of the Communist Party of China (CPC), arrived in Tokyo to kick off his official goodwill visit Sunday afternoon.     Li, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, conveyed sincere greeting from the Chinese people to the Japanese people in a written statement delivered at the airport.     "China and Japan are important countries in Asia and the world at large. Chinese President Hu Jintao paid a successful visit to Japan last year, during which the leaders of the two countries reached important consensus to fully advance the China-Japan strategic relations of mutual benefits," he said in the statement.     "Sino-Japanese relations now stands in a new historic point and faces an important opportunity to go further ahead," he said.     "With concerted efforts made by both, I believe the visit can meet the pre-set goal of increasing political mutual trust, deepening mutually beneficial economic cooperation, expanding friendly communication and pushing forward our strategic relations of mutual benefits," he said.     Li is the highest-ranking official who visits Japan this year. Soon after his arrival, Li met with Japanese Foreign Minister Hirofumi Nakasone. Li is expected to meet with Japanese Prime Minister Taro Aso Monday. During his stay, he will also meet with leaders of ruling and opposition parties and people from all walks of life.     Japan is the third leg of Li's four-nation tour which will also take him to the Republic of Korea. He has already visited Australia and Myanmar.

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BEIJING, April 13 (Xinhua) -- China's Ministry of Finance (MOF) said Monday that fiscal revenue fell 0.3 percent from a year earlier to 440.22 billion yuan (64.43 billion U.S. dollars) in March.     First-quarter fiscal revenue fell 8.3 percent to 1.46 trillion yuan, the ministry said on its website, while tax revenue shrank 10.3 percent to 1.3 trillion yuan.     Fiscal revenue includes taxes as well as administrative fees and other government income, such as fines and income from government-owned assets.     Business profits shrank as economic growth slowed, the MOF said, and tax cuts intended to spur the economy and the financial markets reduced government revenues. First-quarter business income tax revenue fell 16.7 percent.     China halved the purchase tax on cars with engine displacements of less than 1.6 liters on Jan. 20, and revenue from that tax was down 7.6 percent in the first quarter.     To shore up the stock market, the government cut the share trading stamp tax from 0.3 percent to 0.1 percent last April and scrapped the stamp tax on stock purchases in September. And even though the benchmark Shanghai Composite Index is up more than 35 percent so far this year, the tax cuts on share transactions meant a decline of 86.2 percent in revenue from that category in the first quarter.     Actual revenue amounts in each category were not released.     Customs tariff revenue fell 23.9 percent during the first quarter, the MOF said, without giving further details.     Central government fiscal revenue fell 17.7 percent in the first quarter to 721.3 billion yuan, while local government fiscal revenue rose 3 percent to 742.9 billion yuan.     First-quarter fiscal expenditures surged 34.8 percent to 1.28 trillion yuan, as both the central and local governments adopted a proactive fiscal stance to boost the economy and domestic demand.     China unveiled a 4-trillion-yuan stimulus package in November to be spent over in next two years, with 1.18 trillion yuan from the central government.     Fiscal revenue exceeded 6.13 trillion yuan in 2008, up 19.5 percent.

PORT LOUIS, Feb. 16 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao arrived Monday in Port Louis, the capital of Mauritius, for a state visit aimed at enhancing bilateral friendship and cooperation.     He was greeted at the airport by Mauritian Prime Minister Navinchandra Ramgoolam. Chinese President Hu Jintao (L Front) shakes hands with Mauritian Prime Minister Navinchandra Ramgoolam greeting him upon his arrival in Port Louis for a state visit Feb. 16, 2009. "The China-Mauritius relationship has become a model of solidarity and cooperation between two developing countries," Hu said in a statement released upon his arrival.     The two countries have carried out fruitful cooperation in such fields as economy, trade, culture, education and tourism since they forged diplomatic ties in 1972, Hu said. Chinese President Hu Jintao (L Front), accompanied by Mauritian Prime Minister Navinchandra Ramgoolam (R Front), inpsects the honor guard upon his arrival in Port Louis for a state visit Feb. 16, 2009His visit will enhance mutual understanding and trust, deepen the traditional friendship and promote mutually beneficial cooperation between China and Mauritius, said the Chinese president.     It will also help take China-Mauritius relations to a new high, Hu added. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R Front), accompanied by Mauritian Prime Minister Navinchandra Ramgoolam (L), inpsects the honor guard upon his arrival in Port Louis for a state visit Feb. 16, 2009. During the visit, the last leg of his five-nation "journey of friendship and cooperation," Hu is expected to meet with Mauritian President Anerood Jugnauth and hold talks with Ramgoolam.     The two countries will sign a number of cooperation documents during Hu's two-day visit.     Hu flew into Port Louis from Dar es Salaam, after paying a state visit to Tanzania. He earlier visited Saudi Arabia, Mali and Senegal.

BEIJING, Feb. 27 (Xinhua) -- China's top political advisor said Friday the national advisory body would have to contribute to decisions on major national and global challenges at its annual session next month.     This year would be crucial for the country's development, said Jia Qinglin, chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) National Committee.     CPPCC members would "conduct research and give targeted and effective opinions and proposals, to provide the (ruling Communist) Party and the government with reference and data for their decision-making", he told a meeting of the Standing Committee of the CPPCC National Committee. Jia Qinglin (C Front), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), attends the fourth meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th CPPCC National Committee in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 27, 2009. The meeting went to a successful conclusion here Friday    The Standing Committee members confirmed that the Second Session of the 11th CPPCC National Committee would open on March 3.     Wang Gang, a vice chairman of the CPPCC National Committee, presided over the Standing Committee meeting at which members approved the agenda for the annual session and work reports of the Standing Committee of the CPPCC National Committee and the handling of proposals submitted to the First Session last year.

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BEIJING, Feb. 12 (Xinhua) -- A section of the local prosecutor's office that deals with dereliction of duty is involved in the investigation into Monday night's massive fire in downtown Beijing, the Supreme People's Procuratorate said here Thursday.     The fire led to one death and seven injuries.     The investigation involves two offices, the Supreme Procuratorate said: the Beijing People's Procuratorate and the district procuratorate of Chaoyang, the section of Beijing where the blaze at the China Central Television (CCTV) complex occurred.     The Supreme People's Procuratorate declined to elaborate on what the investigations covered.     China's procuratorate is the equivalent of a prosecutor's or attorney general's office, handling a range of civilian crimes, but it also has a special division responsible for crimes involving dereliction of official duty, such as bribery and corruption, that the police don't handle.     The fire, which engulfed the building that houses some CCTV facilities as well as the unopened Mandarin Oriental Hotel near the futuristic tower that will house the state broadcaster, was caused by a powerful fireworks show put on by CCTV.     One firefighter died from breathing toxic fumes and seven people were hospitalized. The huge blaze also caused widespread traffic congestion in eastern Beijing and led to the evacuation of hundreds of residents.     The police have detained 12 people so far, including a man in charge of the new site's construction, three CCTV workers and eight people CCTV hired from a fireworks company in central Hunan Province to stage the show.     The fireworks they used were dangerous and needed approval before being allowed in downtown Beijing, a Beijing government spokesman has said. He said that CCTV did not get approval and further alleged that its workers ignored police warnings that night.     Monday was the Lantern Festival, which officially ends the Lunar New Year, and it's traditional to light fireworks on that night.

BEIJING, Feb. 23 (Xinhua) -- China and Vietnam Monday marked the final demarcation of their land border at the Youyiguan border gate in Pingxiang City in south China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.     The completion of the demarcation would be conducive to peace and stability of the border area, promote trade and exchanges, and push forward their comprehensive and strategic partnership of the two countries, said a statement from China's Foreign Ministry.     The 1,300-kilometer border starts at the junction of China, Vietnam and Laos and continues along the Beilun River to the coast. Yunnan Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region are on Chinese side, and Cao Bang, Lang Son, Dien Bien, Lai Chau, Lao Cai, Ha Giang, Guang Ninh are in Vietnam.     In the late 19th Century, China's Qing Dynasty and the French colonial administration in Vietnam concluded a treaty delineating the border. The border negotiations started in the 1970s and were suspended later that decade. Chinese State Councilor Dai Bingguo (L, C) shakes hands with Vietnamese Deputy Prime Minister Pham Gia Khiem after unveiling the No. 1116 boundary marker in Pingxiang City in south China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, opposite to Lang Son City of Vietnam, Feb. 23, 2009. China and Vietnam Monday marked the final demarcation of their land border at the Youyiguan border gate in Pingxiang City in south China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. More than 400 government officials and about 400 representatives from both countries, including those who attended the land border demarcation, were present at a ceremony after the demarcation. In the early 1990s, China and Vietnam resumed negotiations, and agreed to discuss a new treaty based on that signed in the 19th Century. They finalized the land boundary treaty on Dec. 30, 1999.They started demarcation work in 2001 and finished late last year.     The China-Vietnam joint committee for land border demarcation was established by both governments in November 2001. The committee was in charge of border demarcation and marker planting as well as drafting a protocol on border demarcation and marker planting.     The joint committee comprised 12 joint working teams. These teams were responsible for on-site demarcation work. In December 2001, the first marker on the border was installed at the Mong Cai-Dong Xing border gate.     The two sides reached an agreement on the remaining issues related to the land boundary survey on Dec. 31, 2008. The agreement achieved the goal set by leaders of China and Vietnam to complete the survey and the erection of boundary markers this year. Chinese State Councilor Dai Bingguo (4th R) shakes hands with Vietnamese Deputy Prime Minister Pham Gia Khiem on the ceremony marking the completion of land border demarcation and the erection of boundary markers in Pingxiang City in south China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, opposite to Lang Son City of Vietnam, Feb. 23, 2009. China and Vietnam Monday marked the final demarcation of their land border at the Youyiguan border gate in Pingxiang City in south China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. More than 400 government officials and about 400 representatives from both countries, including those who attended the land border demarcation, were present at a ceremony after the demarcation. During the eight-year effort, Chinese and Vietnamese officials worked almost one million days on the demarcation work and held 14rounds of meetings between the heads of the two governmental-level delegations, 34 rounds joint committee's meetings and 15 rounds of expert group meetings, which enabled the completion of the demarcation along the entire length of China-Vietnam land border with 2,000 border markers erected.     Advanced technologies were applied in the demarcation work, such as the geography information, global positioning and remote sensing systems, which ensured the accuracy of the demarcation work and a clear borderline.     The outcome was achieved under the direction of leaders of the two countries, said the ministry statement. It was also the result of concerted efforts of government delegations, experts, departments such as ministries of foreign affairs, national defense, public security, finance, survey-cartography and provinces along both sides of the border. Chinese State Councilor Dai Bingguo (L) shakes hands with Vietnamese Deputy Prime Minister Pham Gia Khiem after the ceremony marking the completion of land border demarcation and the erection of boundary markers in Pingxiang City in south China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, opposite to Lang Son City of Vietnam, Feb. 23, 2009. China and Vietnam Monday marked the final demarcation of their land border at the Youyiguan border gate in Pingxiang City in south China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. More than 400 government officials and about 400 representatives from both countries, including those who attended the land border demarcation, were present at a ceremony after the demarcationWorking staff from the joint survey teams also contributed to the success, working with extraordinary difficulties caused by complicated landscapes and bad weather conditions.     The two sides resolved complicated issues in a frank and friendly manner, said the statement.     By taking into account mutual concerns and trying to mitigate negative impacts on the lives and production of residents along the border, they finally achieved a mutually beneficial result. A ceremony marking the completion of land border demarcation and the erection of boundary markers is held in Pingxiang City in south China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, opposite to Lang Son City of Vietnam, Feb. 23, 2009. China and Vietnam Monday marked the final demarcation of their land border at the Youyiguan border gate in Pingxiang City in south China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. More than 400 government officials and about 400 representatives from both countries, including those who attended the land border demarcation, were present at a ceremony after the demarcation.

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BEIJING, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Zhang Dejiang Thursday urged the country's labor department to find employment for people this year.     China is facing a daunting task to secure jobs for its workforce after more than 20 million migrant workers lost their jobs in the global financial crisis. To compound the problem, more than seven million college graduates will be looking for jobs this year.     "We must ensure a stable employment situation this year, as employment is related to people's livelihood and the harmony and stability of the society," Zhang said at a working conference of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.     The country's urban unemployment rate increase 0.2 percentage points to 4.2 percent at the end of 2008, even though migrant workers are not included in that number.     Zhang asked the ministry to adopt more active policies to find employment for people.     Tax burdens of firms could be reduced, and preferential policies for social security coverage could be employed to help firms survive the crisis and keep jobs, Zhang said.     More subsidies should be offered to organize vocational training in order to get people reemployed, and training should be made more relevant to different jobs, he added.     The Vice Premier also said the government should step up building a social insurance system that covers both urban and rural residents, and continue to raise pensions for retired workers.     China created new jobs for 11.13 million people last year, 11 percent more than the target of 10 million.     The country also found jobs for five million laid-off workers and for 1.43 million who had difficulty in finding a job. The combined 6.43 million was again higher than the original target of five million.

BEIJING, Feb. 12 -- A sharp fall in imports and exports in January, which included a weeklong Spring Festival holiday, has both puzzled and alarmed economists.     General Administration of Customs figures released yesterday showed exports plummeted 17.5 percent year-on-year, much sharper than the 2.8 percent fall in December.     Imports fell even more dramatically, to 43.1 percent year-on-year.     The combined foreign trade in January fell 29 percent year-on-year. Such a major decline in monthly foreign trade is rare in the 30 years of reform and opening up. General Administration of Customs figures released yesterday showed exports plummeted 17.5 percent year-on-year, much sharper than the 2.8 percent fall in December    Because of the global economic downturn, foreign trade is likely to fall for several more months, the economists said. Su Chang, a macro-economic analyst with China Economic Business Monitor, said it could decline by 10 percent in the first quarter of this year.     "It is possible that China's yearly record will be negative as well." But, he said the decline in imports would be largely because of the fall in prices of industrial materials.     "Prices of primary goods - China's main imports - are at a low points now, while they were at historic highs just a year ago," he said.     Last month, however, was an exception because it had one full week of holiday from January 26. The Chinese Lunar New Year is the most important festival for Chinese but usually it falls in February.     So this year, January had five fewer working days than those in many of the previous years. If that is considered, the Customs said, exports actually rose 6.8 percent year-on-year in January. And compared with December, they increased 4.6 percent.     The worldwide deflationary cycle was another problem, the economists said. The sharp drop in imports was caused both because of a fall in global prices (most noticeably of crude oil and farm products) and a drop in demand for electronic components, which reflected the shrinking of the country's manufacturing industry.     Ting Lu, economist with Merrill Lynch in Hong Kong, said there was no good method to adjust for the Chinese New Year effects. "Our first suggestion: ignore them," Lu said in note to clients in the monthly trade figures.     When compared with neighboring economies, experts said, China's record is not the worst. Jing Ulrich, analyst with JP Morgan, has written in a report that while the recent export slowdown has been alarming, it has not been as severe in China as in some neighboring economies that rely more heavily on the hi-tech sector.     While Jing Wang, chief economist of Morgan Stanley, said China's export structure is more diverse, and as a result less volatile, in the region.