税收原则理论的历史演变及评价

小学一年级清明节扫墓活动方案

SHANGHAI, June 3 (Xinhua) -- Standard Chartered Bank (China) Limited announced Wednesday that it plans to issue 3.5 billion yuan (512 million U.S.dollars) financial bonds in China, the first foreign bank to issue Renminbi bonds in the Chinese mainland.     The announcement was made in the wake of a circular released by the State Council in April on building Shanghai into an international financial center and shipping hub.     The municipal government of Shanghai convened a working meeting late last month on preparation for the financial center goal, promising to support foreign banks to issue yuan-denominated bonds.     "As China's financial market continues to liberalize, Standard Chartered is seeing a number of opportunities for our business," said Peter Sands, Group Chief Executive of Standard Chartered Bank, during his visit to Beijing this week.     The issuance is expected to help elevate the Renminbi's status as an international reserve currency, develop local capital markets, and contribute towards Shanghai's development as a global financial center, said Sands.     Standard Chartered Group reported 26 percent income growth in 2008, or 13.97 billion U.S. dollars despite the difficult global economic environment.     In China, the bank has grown by an average annual compounded growth rate of 80 percent over the past four years.     Standard Chartered Bank is China's oldest foreign bank enjoying150 years of history. It is among the first batch of locally-incorporated foreign banks and has one of the largest foreign bank networks operating in China.

BEIJING, July 18 (Xinhua) -- East Star Airlines Co., Ltd. said Saturday here that its current combined debt surpassed 752 million yuan (110.1 million U.S. dollars).     Zhao Changbing, spokesperson of the company, said the announcement was made to counter rumors about the status quo of the company's assets and debt     Zhao said total assets of the company stood at 1.01 billion yuan.     Established in 2005 in central Hubei Province, East Star Airlines operated more than 20 routes. Its operation was suspended by the industry regulator as of March 15 this year, due to financial difficulties of the carrier.

VENICE, May 25 (Xinhua) -- China's top lawmaker Wu Bangguo left here for home on Sunday afternoon after concluding his three-nation Europe tour, which helped push his country's relations and cooperation with Europe.     Wu is the first chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), top legislature of China, who has paid an official goodwill visit to Austria in 15 years and to Italy in 12 years. The Europe tour also took Wu to Russia. During the 11-day trip, Wu met with the heads of state and governments of the three European nations and held talks with their parliament leaders. Wu Bangguo (L front), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC) of China, is greeted upon his arrival in Moscow, capital of Russia, May 13, 2009.     ENHANCING PARLIAMENTARY EXCHANGES     Wu's visit greatly advanced friendly exchanges and cooperation between China's legislature NPC and the parliaments of the three nations.     During the visit to Russia, Wu and Chairman of the Russian State Duma Boris Gryzlov jointly attended the third session of the cooperation committee between the NPC and the lower chamber of Russian parliament, or the State Duma. Wu Bangguo, chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress (NPC), and Russia's State Duma Chairman Boris Gryzlov attend the third meeting of the cooperation committee between NPC and the Russian State Duma in Moscow, Russia, May 14, 2009.Wu said in a meeting with Gryzlov that development of the mechanism of regular exchanges between the parliaments of China and Russia has proved the unique advantage of inter-parliamentary exchanges. He said such exchanges has not only helped enhance friendship and deepen political trust between the two peoples, but also added new vigor to bilateral links by advancing trade and economic cooperation.     "Today's situation of vigorous growth in China-Russia relations should be contributed to tireless pursuit of good neighborly friendship by the two peoples and the joint effort of their parliaments," Wu said.     During the visit to Italy, Wu and Italian Senate President Renato Schifani signed here an agreement on establishing a regular exchange mechanism between the NPC and the Italian Senate. The agreement is the first of its kind ever reached between the parliaments of the two countries. Wu Bangguo (L, front), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of China, shakes hands with Renato Schifani (R, front), the Senate speaker of Italy, after signing an agreement on bilateral exchange mechanism, in Rome, capital of Italy, May 20, 2009In a speech to international media after signing the agreement, Wu said the agreement will help establish a mechanism of regular exchanges between the parliaments of the two countries and add new vigor to the all-round strategic partnership between China and Italy. He noted that the two parliaments have carried out good cooperation, which consists an important part of bilateral relations.     Schifani told reporters that he is glad to sign the strategic agreement between the two parliaments. He said Italy and China enjoy a sound relationship.     During the visit to Austria, Wu met with Barbara Prammer, president of the Austrian National Council, and Harald Reisenberger, president of the Federal Council of Austria. Wu Bangguo (L front), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, meets with Austrian National Council President Barbara Prammer (R front) in Vienna, capital of Austria, May 15, 2009Wu said during the meetings that parliamentary exchanges consist an important part of China-Austria relations. He said the close links between NPC and Austrian parliament has become a strong driving force for friendly relations between the countries. He hopes that the two sides should carry on this tradition of sound cooperation by pushing forward communications between political parties, local governments and peoples of the two countries. The two sides should promote practical cooperation in all fields so as to add new impetus to bilateral relations.     Wu welcomes more and more Austrian parliamentarians, especially young parliamentarians to visit China.     Reisenberger said parliament members from all parts of Austria wish to strengthen cooperation with the NPC in a bid to enhance people-to-people friendship, promote local communications and expand trade and economic cooperation.     ADVANCING BILATERAL LINKS     Wu's visit helped advanced relations between China and the three European nations.     During the visit to Russia, Wu met with Russian President Dmitri Medvedev. Wu said the strategic partnership of cooperation between China and Russia is currently showing a momentum all-round and rapid growth, as high-level contact remains frequent. Russian President Dmitry Medvedev (R) shakes hands with Wu Bangguo, chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC) of China, in Moscow, capital of Russia, May 13, 2009Wu said the high level of China-Russia partnership is fully reflected in such areas as frequent contact between top leaders of the two countries, the staging of "Russian Language Year" in China, the signing of an oil cooperation agreement between the two governments and the exchanges between the NPC and Russian parliament.     Medvedev said Wu's visit to Russia reflects the momentum of fast growth in bilateral links. Under the current environment of international financial crisis, coordination between the parliament of the two countries will be conducive to advancing bilateral cooperation.     In Austria, Wu met with Austrian President Heinz Fischer and Vice Chancellor and Federal Minister of Finance Josef Proll. Wu Bangguo (L), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, meets with Austrian President Heinz Fischer in Vienna on May 15, 2009. Wu Bangguo arrived in Vienna on May 15 for a four-day official goodwill visit to Austria. During the meetings, Wu emphasized that China places great importance on developing relations with Austria. He said China is ready to expand friendly contact between the governments, parliaments and political parties of the two countries on a basis of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefits.     Wu said the two countries should enhance mutual understanding and trust so as to deepen cooperation in various fields and carry out closer coordination and communication on international affairs.     Fischer appreciates the responsible stance and measure that China has taken in addressing international financial crisis. He said the financial crisis has caused great impact on every country in the world and required joint effort of all countries in addressing it.     On his tour to Italy, Wu met with Italian President Giorgio Napolitano and Premier Silvio Berlusconi. Wu Bangguo (L), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of China, talks with Italian President Giorgio Napolitano in Rome, May 21, 2009. During the meetings, Wu said the economy of China and Italy are highly complementary to each other. He said the two sides enjoy a sound foundation of cooperation and great potential of expanding trade.     Wu put forward three suggestions on expanding trade and economic cooperation between the two countries. Firstly, he said the two countries should strengthen cooperation between small- and medium-sized companies as a way to expand trade and mutual investment. He said the governments of the two countries should give a full play to their joint committees in a bid to support and facilitate cooperation between the companies. Wu Bangguo (L), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of China, shakes hands with Italian Premier Silvio Berlusconi in Rome, May 20, 2009.Secondly, Wu said the two countries should explore new areas of cooperation. Noting that China is working on economic restructuring and upgrading industries, Wu said the two sides share broad prospect in the development and utilization of new energy.     Thirdly, Wu said the two sides should cooperate closely on staging the World Expo. Shanghai and Milan will respectively host the World Expo in 2010 and 2015. Wu expressed the belief that cooperation on this issue will become a new bright spot of China-Italy cooperation.     PUSHING FORWARD PRACTICAL COOPERATION     Wu's visit also helped strengthen practical cooperation in all fields between China and the three nations.     During his visit to Italy, Wu met with Chinese entrepreneurs doing business in Europe. Wu said overseas Chinese companies should explore new ways to help China restructure its economy and upgrade its industries.     Wu, as China's top legislator, made the remarks as he met here with Chinese entrepreneurs who invest and do business in Italy and Europe.     Wu encourages the Chinese companies to expand their overseas market and explore new areas and channels of cooperation in other countries so as to make new contributions to China's cooperation with Italy and Europe.     Against the background of international financial crisis, Chinese companies should enhance research and development capabilities and establish overseas marketing network through cooperation with foreign companies, Wu said.     He hopes that Chinese companies should seized the opportunity of reshuffle of global industry to upgrade management and technology. He said Chinese companies should attach importance to fostering management talents with international experience.     During the visit, Wu demonstrated great interest in upgrading high-tech cooperation between China and the European countries. He visited Vienna High-tech Zone on Saturday, inspecting an energy saving office building and a wind tunnel, which is believed to be the world's largest for testing locomotives and automobiles. The wind tunnel has undertaken tests and data gathering for locomotives used in city subway system in Shanghai.     Wu also visited in Rome a research and development center under the Italian National Agency for New Technology, Energy and the Environment (ENEA) He inspected the high-temperature sole heat system for generating electricity at the R&D center.     Wu said it is a global trend in the energy sector to develop new energy and renewable energy in a broad prospect of growth. He said the Chinese government places great importance on and actively promotes development and application of all kinds of renewable energy, including solar energy. He expressed the wish that research institutes and companies of the two countries should increase cooperation and investment in this respect so as to jointly exploit the renewable energy market.     During the visit, both Wu and leaders of the three nations agreed that under the circumstances of international financial crisis, strengthening practical cooperation will not only help the countries to overcome current difficulties, but also help promote the recovery of world economy. 

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BAGHDAD, July 16 (Xinhua) -- As an Iraqi Muslim who has visited China, I was so shocked and sad when I read reports of the July 5 violence in China's Xinjiang province, especially when I learned from the Western media of clashes between the Han Chinese and Uygurs, and government troops cracking down on the Uygurs.     I could not believe it, not from my experience in China.     So I immediately contacted my friends in China, from whom I learned that the reports by the Western media were purposely biased and to a certain extent, politically motivated -- just as their versions of the U.S. occupation in Iraq.     I have been to China twice -- first for a visit of two weeks, and then for a year's stay, from August 2006 to August 2007. During my visits, I was impressed by the way China's 56 ethnic groups, with Hans in the majority, live peacefully together and religious freedom respected.     When I was in Beijing, I prayed every Friday at a mosque at Niujie, a Muslim-dominated district in the Chinese capital.     As an Iraqi, whose country at the time was suffering from daily explosions, shootings and kidnappings, I remember I was often touched by the good wishes extended to me by complete strangers, among them Han people who visited the mosque, which has a history of more than 1,000 years.     During my time living and working among the majority Han Chinese in Beijing, I found no difficulty performing my Islamic rituals, neither did I notice any untoward incidents against Muslims in China, including the Uygurs.     I met many Chinese Muslims, who were really proud of being Chinese citizens.     I remember a small Chinese restaurant in Niujie, owned by a Uygur Chinese, which I frequented for its Islamic food and music.     I noticed TV programs in the restaurant were in the Uygur language, and when I inquired about it, one young man, who said he was studying at an Islamic institute, answered in Arabic "we have television stations in Xinjiang that use our language, which is backed by the central government."     Today, I still remember the Chinese pilgrims I met who went to Mecca for the Hajj (pilgrimage), in Saudi Arabia. They often wore jackets with a Chinese flag stitched on, and under the flag were words in Arabic -- "Chinese Hajj" or Chinese pilgrim, and I could feel their sense of being proud Chinese Muslims.     Once I tried to joke with one of the pilgrims and asked through a translator, "can you give me this jacket, so that I can show it to my folks in Iraq that this is a gift from my Chinese friend?"     He smiled and said: "I can buy you a new one, but I will have to keep this one, as I have worn it for years and I am proud to have this flag on my chest."     Islam is the second biggest religion in China, next to Buddhism. As far as I know, there are some 30,000 mosques in China, including 70 in Beijing.     Outside the capital, religious freedom is well respected as well. When I went to Henan province for a vacation, I witnessed Islamic lectures being held frequently at major mosques, and Muslims living peacefully and happily.     Muslims and other minorities in China enjoy exceptional privileges. My Chinese Muslim friends told me that, like other minority groups, they are not bound by the one-child-policy.     Muslims and other minorities are also accepted at lower qualifications to colleges and universities; and minorities like the Uygur and Hui are well represented in governments at all levels.     So when people say that the July 5 violence occurred because the Uygurs felt discriminated by the majority Hans, I really cannot believe it. I have personally witnessed how well Muslims and Han Chinese get along.     One day while sitting in the yard of the Niujie mosque, I met a young man who I later learned was an Egyptian. Named Ahmed, he had come to Beijing to marry a Han Chinese girl who he met in Cairo while she was studying there.     But according to religious ritual, a non-Muslim girl or man cannot marry a Muslim unless he or she converts to Islam.     A week later, when I met Ahmed again he told me that his dream had come true, the girl had decided to convert to Islam.     She had met no objections from her family. Within a week she was issued a certificate by the mosque confirming that she was now a Muslim.     I also have a female friend in Beijing, a Han Chinese, who is married to a Hui Muslim. They have a happy family.     Today, when I see pictures of the bloody clashes in Xinjiang, it reminds me of what is happening here in Baghdad.     I feel outraged as I witness the media repeating what they did in Iraq -- inciting internal conflict to serve certain agendas.     My country has been suffering from foreign interference and domestic violence for more than six years. With the war, and the sectarian conflicts, our once prosperous country is now in ruins.     The sectarian strife has been largely fanned by foreign powers to alienate Iraq's Sunnis, Shiites and Kurds, and the United States once even had a "separation-of-Iraq-into-three" scheme high on its agenda.     What have ordinary Iraqis received -- be they Sunnis, Shiites, or Kurds? Nothing. Nothing but devastation, displacement and the loss of lives of innocent people. My son, Omar, was injured by a roadside bomb in October 2007. He was only 12 years old at the time.     I call on the people to cool down and consider the whole picture: see what has happened in Iraq. Do not let yourself be fooled by those who try to undermine the security and stability of China by trying to destroy the peaceful co-existence of its ethnic groups. 

GENEVA, April 22 (Xinhua) -- Close international cooperation is needed to fight all forms of racism and racial discrimination, which is the enemy of the whole human society, a senior Chinese diplomat said here on Wednesday.     "China proposes that the international community work closely together to form a strong united front in the fight against racism," said Li Baodong, Chinese ambassador to the United Nations Office in Geneva, in an address to the ongoing Durban Review Conference.     Governments should fully recognize the huge damage that racism has caused to various human rights, international security and human development, and pursue actively the policy of "zero tolerance" at both the national and international level, Li told more than 100 delegations participating at the anti-racism conference.     The five-day conference, which opened on Monday, is a follow-up meeting to the World Conference against Racism held in Durban, South Africa in 2001.     Delegates adopted by consensus a final anti-racism declaration on Tuesday despite the boycott of the meeting by quite a few Western countries, including the United States, citing concerns that the meeting could be used as a forum to criticize Israel.     The atmosphere of the conference was also damaged on Monday after dozens of European delegates walked out of the conference room in protest to a speech made by Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad which likened Israel to a racist regime.     According to the Chinese ambassador, countries should enhance dialog and communications to resolve political differences and refrain from creating a breeding ground for hatred.     It's of great significance that countries have gathered once again to deliberate on the issue of racism eight years after the holding of the first UN anti-racism conference, he said.     Li also stressed the need to further enhance the effectiveness of various mechanisms established after the 2001 conference to address racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, with a view to achieving better synergy, coordination, coherence and complementarity in their work.     In addition, he suggested a renewal or reinforcement of the international definition for racism, as many new forms of racism and racial discrimination are emerging along with the current global financial, food and energy crises as well as the threat of climate change.     "The Chinese government is against all forms of racism, and it has been actively engaged in various international anti-racist activities," Li said.     "With the opportunity provided by this conference, China is ready to work will all governments and the civil society to create a world free of discrimination, hatred, fear and prejudice," he added.

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BEIJING, May 7 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping has urged universities to reform and improve themselves to turn out more high-quality personnel for the society.     Universities are supposed to produce "qualified builders and reliable successors of socialism with Chinese characteristics," Xi said while touring major Beijing-based universities from Wednesday to Thursday.     Centering on the fundamental task of personnel fostering, he said, universities should reform all concepts and mechanisms that go against the mission, lift the overall quality of teachers, offer better services in helping students find jobs, beef up campus stability, and provide technical service and intellectual support for companies to weather the financial crisis.     He also urged universities to prevent and punish academic corruption.

BEIJING, May 13 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping on Wednesday called on officials to read more books and take reading and study as "life attitude, responsibility and spiritual pursuit."     Xi told officials attending an opening ceremony of a seminar of the Party School of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, "Books are carrying human knowledge and wisdom and are of vital importance to human advancement."     As president of the Party School, Xi asked officials to read enlightening books so as to build the Party into an academic one.     Xi, also member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau, said officials could gain inspiration, expand their mental outlook and improve their cultural attainment through reading, which could also enrich their working experience.

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VIENNA, June 17 (Xinhua) -- The Head of the Chinese delegation and Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations Office in Vienna, Tang Guoqiang, stressed on Wednesday on behalf of the Chinese government that the nuclear issues of Korea and Iran should be solved in a peaceful way through diplomatic talks.     In a speech at the board meeting of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on Wednesday, Tang pointed out with regard to the Korean nuclear issue that the Chinese government "firmly opposes" another nuclear test by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), and requires the DPRK to "stick to the denuclearization commitments, stop relevant actions that may further deteriorate the situation, and return to the six-party talks."     However, Tang also pointed out that "the sovereignty, territorial integrity, reasonable security concerns and development benefits of the DPRK, a sovereign state, and a member state of the U.N., should receive due respect. The DPRK should have the right to peaceful use of nuclear energy after it returns to the treaty on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)."     He also stressed that political and diplomatic means is the"only right way"to solve the relevant issues on the Korean Peninsular including the nuclear issue.     Therefore, he called on relevant parties to "focus on long-term benefits and maintain calm and restraint so as to avoid any action that could lead to further tension." A peaceful solution to the Korean nuclear issue "accords with the common benefit of all the parties,"Tang said.     He pointed out when discussing the Iranian nuclear issue that there is currently new opportunity to promote a solution through negotiations, so relevant parties should "seize the opportunity and step up diplomatic efforts, so as to resume talks as soon as possible and seek a comprehensive and long-term solution to the Iranian nuclear issue."     Iran, as a party to the NPT, enjoys the right to the peaceful use of nuclear energy, but should also fulfill corresponding international obligations he said.     China is concerned that Iran has not suspended uranium enrichment as requested by the U.N. Security Council and hopes Iran will take measures to "comprehensively fulfill the relevant resolutions of the IAEA and the Security Council," Tang said.     He also stressed that China adheres to "the international nuclear non-proliferation system, and the Korean and Iranian nuclear issues must be solved through negotiations.     China will "work with all the parties" and make further efforts to solve relevant issues by diplomatic means "based on the overall situation of maintaining the nuclear non-proliferation system as well as regional peace and stability," Tang said.

FLORENCE, Italy, May 22 (Xinhua) -- China's top lawmaker Wu Bangguo said here on Friday that China and Italy both have long-standing cultural traditions and should strengthen their cultural exchanges.     Wu, chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC) of China, made the remarks while meeting with Riccardo Nencini, president of the local Parliament of Tuscany Region in Italy.     Wu arrived in Florence on Friday afternoon to continue his official goodwill visit to Italy. Wu Bangguo (L2), chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress, the country's top legislature, visits the research and development center under the Italian National Agency for New Technology, Energy and Environment (ENEA) in Rome May 21, 2009.    Nencini recalled the visit to Florence by Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao in 2004, saying he is glad to receive yet another senior Chinese leader in the region.     Wu said during Premier Wen's visit some five years ago, the two countries officially launched an all-round strategic partnership. Since then, bilateral links have been growing rapidly. Wu Bangguo (L1), chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress, the country's top legislature, visits the research and development center under the Italian National Agency for New Technology, Energy and Environment (ENEA) in Rome May 21, 2009Noting that the two countries share a long-standing friendship, Wu said China and Italy are enjoying the best ever period of their relationship in history.     In a review of his meetings with leaders of the Italian government and parliament during this visit, Wu said the two sides share a strong will to further advance bilateral links and cooperation.     Nencini said the Tuscany Region has forged friendly relations with a number of provinces and municipalities in China. In the past years, the Tuscany Region has developed close trade and economic links with China, as well as vigorous cultural exchanges.     Nencini hopes that the region would continue to explore broader areas of cooperation with China, including university education.     Wu will conclude his visit on Sunday.