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BEIJING, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- U.S. political rhetoric has recently been obsessed with the exchange rate of the renminbi. President Barack Obama has indicated on several occasions that he would take a tougher stance on this issue in order to address trade imbalances between his country and China.But does the renminbi hold the key to this issue? What are the backstage calculations behind those demands from Washington?RENMINBI A WRONG TARGETWhile addressing Democratic senators early this month, Obama said the issue of renminbi exchange rate must be addressed to ensure that American products will not be put into a huge competitive disadvantage given the fact that China is going to be one of America's biggest markets.In an interview with Businessweek on Feb. 10, Obama said he and Chinese leaders are going to have some "very serious negotiations" on the renminbi issue.Supporters of Obama include economists such as Gary Hufbauer, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. Those experts say China's huge trade surplus is a result of an undervalued renminbi. Appreciation of the Chinese currency, in their view, would re-balance China's international trade.However, the validity of such argument is questionable.The Japanese yen, for example, has been appreciated enormously against the U.S. dollar over the past 40 years. Yet Japan's trade surplus with the United States has been continuously on the increase over the same period.The case with the Japanese yen has clearly demonstrated that international payment is not necessarily entirely linked to currency exchange rates. International trade balance is rather determined by international division of labor and product competitiveness.Stephen King, chief economist of the HSBC bank, said it is unreasonable to simply attribute China's big trade surplus to an undervalued currency. China's high savings rate is a more important factor in this respect, he told Xinhua.Nobel Prize laureate Andrew Michael Spence shared King's argument."Reducing the surplus in China involves deep structural change, much as reducing the U.S. deficits does. China's high savings are embedded in the structure of the economy," Spence wrote in Jan. 21's Financial Times.Without structural change, an appreciation of the renminbi might well lead to continued high savings and slow economic growth in China, rather than to a reduction of China's trade surplus, he wrote.International Monetary Fund (IMF) chief economist Olivier Blanchard believes that renminbi appreciation is not a solution for the U.S. economy.According to an IMF model, the American GDP will grow by 1 percent when the renminbi appreciates by 20 percent and other major Asian currencies also appreciate by a similar margin, he told Xinhua."This would be good news for U.S. growth. But this is clearly not enough, by itself to sustain growth in the United States," said Blanchard.World Bank chief economist and Vice President Justin Yifu Lin also said that the appreciation of the renminbi will not solve the problem of trade imbalance between China and the United States. On the contrary, such a move might damage both economies.CHINA BASHING NOT HELPFULObama has frequently attacked China over the renminbi issue in recent months. His motives are thought-provoking.In an article titled "Obama bashes China in order to win midterm elections," Japanese weekly Choice pointed out that after one year in office, the U.S. president now faces a sharp drop in approval ratings, a double-digit unemployment ratio and the loss of Democratic "supermajority" in the Senate.Trying to win the midterm elections under such circumstances, Obama had moved toward a "China-bashing" policy since the end of last year, including imposing high tariffs on Chinese products and pressuring China on renminbi exchange rate.But the truth is China has become the largest victim of U.S. trade protectionism since the outbreak of the global financial crisis.According to statistics released by the United States International Trade Commission, there were roughly 50 trade remedy cases filed by the United States between January and November 2009, half of which targeted China.At the end of last year, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said in an exclusive interview with Xinhua that some foreign countries kept asking China to appreciate its currency while using various protectionist measures against China. Their real motive was to contain China's growth, he said.Wen reiterated that China will never yield to external pressures on the exchange rate issue.In essence, a country's exchange rate policy is a matter of sovereignty.During a meeting with a visiting delegation of U.S. Chamber of Commerce in May 2005, Wen made it clear that the reform of renminbi's exchange rate was a sovereign right of China, and that every country had the right to choose a foreign exchange system compatible to its own national conditions and a reasonable exchange rate level.Wen said China would obey the rules of a market economy, but would never give in under foreign pressure.Any foreign pressure or attempt to manipulate the issue via news media represented a politicization of economic issues, which was unhelpful, the premier added.George Gilder, founder of Discovery Institute, said that it is neither realistic nor helpful for the United States to raise the renminbi exchange rate issue again with China.Pieter Bottelier, former chief of the World Bank's Resident Mission in China, told Xinhua that China and the United States share broad common interests.A prosperous, stable and strong China is in the interests of the United States and vice versa, said Bottelier. The two nations need to settle their differences through various dialogue mechanisms, he added.In recent years, China has been making efforts to balance international. The renminbi has been steadily appreciated against the U.S. dollar and the euro.Between July 2005, when China began its renminbi exchange rate reform, and the end of 2009, the value of the renminbi has appreciated by 21.21 percent against the U.S. dollar and up by 2.21 percent against the euro.Under such circumstances, China has been the fastest growing export market for the United States in recent years.In 2009, U.S. exports to China amounted to 77.4 billion dollars, accounting for an increasingly larger share in the country's total exports.During the same period, U.S. trade deficits with China dropped by 16 percent year-on-year.In the Asian financial crisis of late 1990s, China won worldwide applause for keeping a stable exchange rate of the renminbi.In the ongoing global financial crisis, while the world's major currencies all lost value, China has remained committed to a responsible renminbi exchange rate policy and has made significant contributions to the recovery of the global economy.Many experts familiar to China-U.S. trade pointed out that in order to achieve trade balance, the United States should take positive and concrete steps, such as increasing hi-tech exports to China and allowing Chinese firms to acquire shares in U.S. financial and technology sectors.

GENEVA, March 17 (Xinhua) -- It's still not the time to talk about sanctions against Iran as the door of diplomacy is still open on finding a compromise over its nuclear program, He Yafei, China's ambassador to the United Nations Office in Geneva, said on Wednesday."I think the door of compromise through negotiations, the door of diplomacy, is not closed," He told reporters."We need to do our best, to exhaust every avenue before we decide on whether we should have new additional sanction measures, " He said.The Chinese ambassador said that Iran, as a member of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), is entitled to the peaceful use of nuclear energy, but the country "should not develop any capability that can produce nuclear weapons.""We certainly do not want to see an Iran with a nuclear weapon capability...China is very much for safeguarding and strengthening the nuclear non-proliferation regime," He said.According to the ambassador, the way out for Iran's nuclear issue is to have a dialogue and to have negotiations with the country.He added that China had been talking to Iran constantly and urging the country to agree to a proposal by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as a first step to solve the nuclear issue.Under the IAEA proposal, most of Iran's existing low-grade enriched uranium should be shipped to Russia and France, where it would be processed into fuel rods with the purity of 20 percent. The higher-grad nuclear fuel would then be transported back to Iran for the use at a research reactor.The United States and its Western allies have long been accusing Iran of secretly developing nuclear weapons under the disguise of a civilian program. Iran has denied the accusation and stressed its nuclear program is solely for peaceful purposes.Nowadays Western powers are talking about adopting new sanctions on Iran over its nuclear program through a UN resolution.

SANYA, Hainan, March 21 (Xinhua) -- A senior official with the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) said Sunday China is expected to become the world's largest tourist destination by 2015."China, as we predict, is going to become the world's No. 1 tourist destination by the year 2015," said Taleb Rifai, secretary general of the UNWTO."China is almost there. It is now the world's fourth largest destination when it comes to incoming tourists, and the rates of growth are moving so quickly that we think this is a realistic target," Rifai said.France is currently the country receiving the most international tourists, at 80 million per year, followed by the United States and Spain, both at 60 million a year, while China has about 48 million, he said."China's tourism economy has moved incredibly in the last ten years. The number of incoming tourists rose from 8 million to 48 million. The potential of the growth is still big because of the size of China," Rifai said.Rifai said the global tourism industry is improving but challenges remain due to the weak economy."The tourism industry has to follow and is very much affected by the general economic situation, and for sure the general economic situation has started to turn around. But we cannot call it a full recovery at the moment," he said.

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ISTANBUL, Jan. 26 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi, who attends a regional summit on Afghanistan here as the special representative of Chinese President Hu Jintao, pledged that China, as a neighbor that shares friendship dated back to antiquity, will continue to support Afghanistan's reconstruction."China has actively supported, promoted and participated in Afghanistan's post-war peace and reconstruction effort. Look ahead, China will continue to give support to Afghanistan within its capacity," Yang said in his remarks at the Istanbul Summit on Friendship and Cooperation in the Heart of Asia.Yang noted that since 2002, China has cancelled all mature debts owed by the Afghan government and provided a total of more than 900 million yuan (about 132 million U.S. dollars) grant assistance.He said China has launched a large number of assistance programs in Afghanistan to help improve people's lives, including a series of big projects such as the Jomhuri Hospital (Republican Hospital) and the Parwan irrigation project, which have made a positive impact in the country's reconstruction process.China has also trained more than 500 Afghan government officials in a broad range of areas, including diplomacy, economy and trade, medical and health care, finance, tourism, agriculture and counternarcotics, according to Yang.China announced last year it will turn all its previously committed 75-million-U.S. dollar concessional loans into grant assistance, to be provided to Afghanistan over a five-year period.Yang said the first tranche of funds was already delivered in 2009, and the remaining 60 million U.S. dollars will be made available in the coming four years."In addition, we will keep on assisting Afghanistan in such areas as vocational training and human resources development," Yang added.Hosted by Turkey, the Istanbul summit was also attended by Afghan President Hamid Karzai, Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari, Turkish President Abdullah Gul, Iranian First Vice President Mohammad-Reza Rahimi and Tajikistan Foreign Minister Hamrohon Zarifi.Yang said China highly appreciates Turkey's efforts in addressing the issue of Afghanistan and supports the tripartite cooperation among Turkey, Afghanistan and Pakistan.He praised the progress Afghanistan has made in its reconstruction."Over the past eight years, we have seen how the Afghan people have risen to challenge and worked unyieldingly to rebuild their country. Afghanistan has gradually recovered from the traumas of war and scored commendable achievements in institution building, economic development and external relations," Yang said.He hailed that the successful presidential election held by the Afghan people in 2009 was of special significance, as it marked an important step forward towards the goal of "Afghanistan run by the Afghans."However, Yang pointed out that Afghanistan still faces many daunting challenges, as the security situation remains volatile, the process of economic reconstruction is slow and people's livelihood needs urgent improvement."Afghanistan is at a critical juncture," said Yang, calling on countries in the region and the international community to step up efforts to support Afghanistan. He made a four-point proposal in this regard.He said the countries in the region, having special associations with Afghanistan due to geographical, religious, ethnic and linguistic reasons, should bring into full play our advantages and get actively involved in Afghanistan's reconstruction process.The countries should accord top priority to Afghanistan's capacity building and human resources development and, under the principles of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit, engage in result-oriented cooperation with Afghanistan in such key areas as transport and trade facilitation, energy, communications, drug control and education, he said.He advised to increase communication to ensure that relevant mechanisms and initiatives are viable, practical and efficient and can play a positive role in bringing about an early solution to the Afghan issue.Yang also stressed the need to always remember to fully respect the independence of Afghanistan and the imperativeness to respect the leading role of the United Nations in coordinating international efforts."We sincerely hope that with the hard work of the Afghan government and people and the strong support of the international community, a peaceful, stable and independent Afghanistan that enjoys development and good-neighborliness will emerge in the world," Yang said.Tuesday's summit issued a statement in which Afghanistan's neighboring countries said they back the war-torn country's plan to reconcile with moderate Taliban forces as Karzai is seeking international support for the program."(We) support, therefore, the Afghan national process of reconciliation and reintegration in accordance with the Constitution of Afghanistan in a way that is Afghan-led and - driven," said the statement.

BEIJING, Jan. 24 (Xinhua) -- A 40-member Chinese medical care and epidemic prevention team left here for Haiti on Sunday afternoon on a chartered flight, which also carried 20 tonnes of medical supplies, said the Ministry of Commerce (MOC).The MOC said earlier in the day that China had decided to provide medical supplies worth 18 million yuan (2.64 million U.S. dollars) in additional aid to quake-ravaged Haiti.The 20-tonne medical supplies included medicines, hygiene equipment, medical devices and camping equipment, said the ministry in a statement.Also onboard the plane would be four Chinese peace-keeping police officers, replacing the four who were killed in the earthquake. China maintains a 125-member peacekeeping force in Haiti.  Members of Chinese medical care and epidemic prevention team wave before they board a plane to Haiti, in Beijing, capital of China, on Jan. 24, 2010. A 40-member Chinese medical care and epidemic prevention team left here for Haiti on Sunday afternoon on a chartered flight, which also carried 20 tonnes of medical suppliesThe chartered flight was expected to arrive at Haiti's capital Port-au-Prince at 3 p.m. Monday local time.The MOC statement also said the 40 medical personnel came from China's military medical system and 70 percent of them had participated in previous UN peacekeeping missions.Many of them had been involved in the massive rescue mission after the deadly 8.0-magnitude Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008, which left about 87,000 people dead or missing, it said.At the departure ceremony, Qian Lihua, director of the Ministry of Defense's foreign affairs office, said China was carrying out its responsibility as a UN Security Council member to help the Haitian people with concrete actions. Medical supplies are loaded to a chartered plane bound to Haiti, in Beijing, capital of China, on Jan. 24, 2010. A 40-member Chinese medical care and epidemic prevention team left here for Haiti on Sunday afternoon on a chartered flight, which also carried 20 tonnes of medical supplies.Qian said he expected the Chinese medical team to accomplish the mission in a professional manner by helping the Haitian people ward off threat of post-quake epidemic and reconstruct their homeland.According to the MOC, with the 18 million yuan of additional aid, China has so far provided humanitarian aid worth 48 million yuan in materials and other supplies to Haiti, in addition to 3.6 million U.S. dollars in cash to the Caribbean country.Apart from Sunday's delivery of medical aid, China had already provided several other major aids to Haiti, which was hit by a 7.3-magnitude earthquake on Jan. 12 local time.On Jan. 13, the Red Cross Society of China announced 1 million U.S. dollars in emergency aid to Haiti.On Jan. 15, the Chinese government announced its decision to provide 30 million yuan worth of humanitarian emergency supplies to Haiti.On Jan. 21, China's deputy permanent representative to the UN Liu Zhenmin said China would contribute additional 2.6 million U.S. dollars in cash to Haiti. Members of Chinese medical care and epidemic prevention team display their flag before they board a plane to Haiti, in Beijing, capital of China, on Jan. 24, 2010. A 40-member Chinese medical care and epidemic prevention team left here for Haiti on Sunday afternoon on a chartered flight, which also carried 20 tonnes of medical supplies.

BEIJING, Feb. 11 (Xinhua) -- China's consumer price index (CPI), a main gauge of inflation, rose 1.5 percent year on year in January 2010, the National Bureau of Statistics announced Thursday.Food prices went up 3.7 percent last month year on year, with non-food prices edging up 0.5 percent from a year earlier.The figure advanced 0.6 percent in November 2009, ending nine months of decline.

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BEIJING, Feb. 27 (Xinhua) -- A severe drought has affected 69.6 million Mu (about 4.64 million hectares) of arable land and left 12.7 million people and 8.4 million livestock short of drinking water, said China's drought relief authorities Saturday.The figures nearly doubled the average level for corresponding periods over the past years, according to the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters.The drought had caused huge losses and serious drinking water shortages in the affected areas, said Liu Ning, vice minister of water resources.Local governments have put 750 million yuan (110 million U.S. dollars) and mobilized nearly 9 million people to cope with the draught, which temporarily helped 7.4 million people and 3.6 million livestock out of drinking water shortages, Liu said.He called for prompt allocation of more relief funds from the central government and more efforts to ensure drinking water safety and spring irrigation.The dry spell started last autumn and has hit southwest, south and part of north China. The seriousness, duration, areas affected and losses are rarely seen in history, said the Ministry of Civil Affairs Friday.Severe drought would continue to ravage the already hard-stricken southwest China as no major rainfalls are expected in the next three days, the China Meteorological Administration warned Saturday.

BEIJING, March 24 (Xinhua)-- China's Ministry of Finance (MOF) announced Wednesday it would issue a batch of ten-year book-entry treasury bonds with a total par value of 26 billion yuan (3.8 billion U.S. dollars) starting on Thursday.The batch is the 7th of its kind the MOF has issued this year. The issue of this batch of T-bonds ends on March 29, according to a statement on the MOF's official website.The bonds would be traded on the interbank bond market and securities bond market from March 31.The bonds have a fixed annual interest rate of 3.36 percent, with the interests to be paid every half year, on March 25 and Sept. 25, respectively, according to the statement.The last interest payments and principals would be paid back together on March 25, 2020, statement said.　 Book-entry bonds are the bonds recorded in the investors' securities accounts called book entries. They can be traded on the open market, and their market prices can deviate from par value.

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BEIJING, March 5 (Xinhua) -- President Hu Jintao and other Chinese leaders on Friday joined deputies to the National People's Congress (NPC), China's top legislature, in deliberating the government work report, calling for efforts to facilitate the transformation of the pattern of economic development.The NPC kicked off its annual session Friday morning as about 3,000 deputies from across the country heard and deliberated the government work report delivered by Premier Wen Jiabao.BALANCED, COORDINATED AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTWhen joining NPC deputies from the eastern province of Jiangsu in a panel discussion on Premier Wen's report, President Hu called for efforts toward balanced, coordinated and sustainable development in the transformation of its economic growth pattern. Chinese President Hu Jintao (C) talks with deputies to the Third Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) from east China's Jiangsu Province, in Beijing, capital of China, March 5, 2010. Hu Jintao joined in the panel discussion of Jiangsu delegation in deliberating the government work report by Premier Wen Jiabao on the opening day of the Third Session of the 11th NPCHu said efforts should be made to cultivate new pillar industries and industries with features and advantages, and achieve the coordinated development of the first, second and third industries.The country needs to develop more core and key technologies to support its transformation of the economic growth pattern and the economic restructuring, Hu told the lawmakers.He called for the establishment of a market-oriented technological innovation system, in which enterprises play the leading role and which combines the efforts of enterprises, learning and research institutes.He said higher education and research institutes should play a more important role in scientific and technological innovation.The President also stressed the coordination of industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, so that the agricultural sector could be boosted by the industrial sector, while the rural areas could benefit from the urban areas.He said authorities should facilitate balanced allocation of public resources and the free flow of production factors between urban and rural areas.Hu pointed out that China is currently facing both opportunities and challenges at the same time, but the opportunities outweigh challenges.He urged officials in Jiangsu Province to push forward independent innovation, promote urban-rural integration of economic and social development, and deepen the reform and opening-up drive.

SHANGHAI, Feb. 20 (Xinhua) -- Two Chinese educational institutions blamed for cyber attacks on Google and other firms said Saturday the allegations are unfounded.The New York Times reported Thursday the cyber attacks on Google and other American firms have been traced to Shanghai Jiaotong University (SJTU) and Lanxiang Vocational School (Lanxiang) in east China's Shandong Province, which the report alleged has ties to the Chinese military."We were shocked and indignant to hear these baseless allegations which may harm the university's reputation," said a SJTU spokesperson.The spokesperson said the allegation linking the attacks with SJTU students or teachers does not hold water."The report of the New York Times was based simply on an IP address. Given the highly developed network technology today, such a report is neither objective nor balanced," the spokesperson said.SJTU will fully cooperate with investigators if Google seeks judicial remedies, the spokesperson said.Li Zixiang, party chief at Lanxiang, another alleged source of the attacks, said, "Investigation in the staff found no trace that the attacks originated from our school."Lanxiang students are still on their winter vacation, Li added.He said Lanxiang has no relations with the military, adding that school authorities do not have military backing.He also dismissed the report's suggestion of involvement of a "specific computer science class" taught by a Ukrainian professor."There is no Ukrainian teacher in the school and we have never employed any foreign staff," Li confirmed."The report was unfounded. Please show the evidence," he said.Lanxiang, founded in 1984, has about 20,000 students learning vocational skills such as cooking, auto repair and hairdressing.The computer science class offers basic courses about Photoshop, 3D drawing and Word -- not software engineering."It was not until 2006 that our graduates began to join the army. So far, 38 students have been recruited by the military for their talent in auto repair, cooking and electric welding," said Zhou Hui, director of the school's general office, who stressed it is natural for citizens to join the army at a proper age.Google said on Jan. 12 it might pull out of the Chinese market, citing disagreement with government policies and unidentified attacks targeting Google's services in China.