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BEIJING, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- U.S. political rhetoric has recently been obsessed with the exchange rate of the renminbi. President Barack Obama has indicated on several occasions that he would take a tougher stance on this issue in order to address trade imbalances between his country and China.But does the renminbi hold the key to this issue? What are the backstage calculations behind those demands from Washington?RENMINBI A WRONG TARGETWhile addressing Democratic senators early this month, Obama said the issue of renminbi exchange rate must be addressed to ensure that American products will not be put into a huge competitive disadvantage given the fact that China is going to be one of America's biggest markets.In an interview with Businessweek on Feb. 10, Obama said he and Chinese leaders are going to have some "very serious negotiations" on the renminbi issue.Supporters of Obama include economists such as Gary Hufbauer, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. Those experts say China's huge trade surplus is a result of an undervalued renminbi. Appreciation of the Chinese currency, in their view, would re-balance China's international trade.However, the validity of such argument is questionable.The Japanese yen, for example, has been appreciated enormously against the U.S. dollar over the past 40 years. Yet Japan's trade surplus with the United States has been continuously on the increase over the same period.The case with the Japanese yen has clearly demonstrated that international payment is not necessarily entirely linked to currency exchange rates. International trade balance is rather determined by international division of labor and product competitiveness.Stephen King, chief economist of the HSBC bank, said it is unreasonable to simply attribute China's big trade surplus to an undervalued currency. China's high savings rate is a more important factor in this respect, he told Xinhua.Nobel Prize laureate Andrew Michael Spence shared King's argument."Reducing the surplus in China involves deep structural change, much as reducing the U.S. deficits does. China's high savings are embedded in the structure of the economy," Spence wrote in Jan. 21's Financial Times.Without structural change, an appreciation of the renminbi might well lead to continued high savings and slow economic growth in China, rather than to a reduction of China's trade surplus, he wrote.International Monetary Fund (IMF) chief economist Olivier Blanchard believes that renminbi appreciation is not a solution for the U.S. economy.According to an IMF model, the American GDP will grow by 1 percent when the renminbi appreciates by 20 percent and other major Asian currencies also appreciate by a similar margin, he told Xinhua."This would be good news for U.S. growth. But this is clearly not enough, by itself to sustain growth in the United States," said Blanchard.World Bank chief economist and Vice President Justin Yifu Lin also said that the appreciation of the renminbi will not solve the problem of trade imbalance between China and the United States. On the contrary, such a move might damage both economies.CHINA BASHING NOT HELPFULObama has frequently attacked China over the renminbi issue in recent months. His motives are thought-provoking.In an article titled "Obama bashes China in order to win midterm elections," Japanese weekly Choice pointed out that after one year in office, the U.S. president now faces a sharp drop in approval ratings, a double-digit unemployment ratio and the loss of Democratic "supermajority" in the Senate.Trying to win the midterm elections under such circumstances, Obama had moved toward a "China-bashing" policy since the end of last year, including imposing high tariffs on Chinese products and pressuring China on renminbi exchange rate.But the truth is China has become the largest victim of U.S. trade protectionism since the outbreak of the global financial crisis.According to statistics released by the United States International Trade Commission, there were roughly 50 trade remedy cases filed by the United States between January and November 2009, half of which targeted China.At the end of last year, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said in an exclusive interview with Xinhua that some foreign countries kept asking China to appreciate its currency while using various protectionist measures against China. Their real motive was to contain China's growth, he said.Wen reiterated that China will never yield to external pressures on the exchange rate issue.In essence, a country's exchange rate policy is a matter of sovereignty.During a meeting with a visiting delegation of U.S. Chamber of Commerce in May 2005, Wen made it clear that the reform of renminbi's exchange rate was a sovereign right of China, and that every country had the right to choose a foreign exchange system compatible to its own national conditions and a reasonable exchange rate level.Wen said China would obey the rules of a market economy, but would never give in under foreign pressure.Any foreign pressure or attempt to manipulate the issue via news media represented a politicization of economic issues, which was unhelpful, the premier added.George Gilder, founder of Discovery Institute, said that it is neither realistic nor helpful for the United States to raise the renminbi exchange rate issue again with China.Pieter Bottelier, former chief of the World Bank's Resident Mission in China, told Xinhua that China and the United States share broad common interests.A prosperous, stable and strong China is in the interests of the United States and vice versa, said Bottelier. The two nations need to settle their differences through various dialogue mechanisms, he added.In recent years, China has been making efforts to balance international. The renminbi has been steadily appreciated against the U.S. dollar and the euro.Between July 2005, when China began its renminbi exchange rate reform, and the end of 2009, the value of the renminbi has appreciated by 21.21 percent against the U.S. dollar and up by 2.21 percent against the euro.Under such circumstances, China has been the fastest growing export market for the United States in recent years.In 2009, U.S. exports to China amounted to 77.4 billion dollars, accounting for an increasingly larger share in the country's total exports.During the same period, U.S. trade deficits with China dropped by 16 percent year-on-year.In the Asian financial crisis of late 1990s, China won worldwide applause for keeping a stable exchange rate of the renminbi.In the ongoing global financial crisis, while the world's major currencies all lost value, China has remained committed to a responsible renminbi exchange rate policy and has made significant contributions to the recovery of the global economy.Many experts familiar to China-U.S. trade pointed out that in order to achieve trade balance, the United States should take positive and concrete steps, such as increasing hi-tech exports to China and allowing Chinese firms to acquire shares in U.S. financial and technology sectors.

BEIJING, Feb. 1 (Xinhua) -- China said on Monday protectionism of the United States has "seriously affected" their trade ties and urged it to stop abusing trade remedy measures.The Ministry of Commerce spokesman Yao Jian made the comments on the ministry's website in response to recent U.S. decisions to impose anti-dumping duties on electric blankets and wire trays from China and an anti-dumping and anti-subsidy probe into Chinese steel drill pipes."Since the outbreak of the financial crisis, the U.S. trade protectionism has been apparently on the rise, and China has become the biggest victim of U.S. abuse of trade relief measures", said Yao.Yao said a recent accusation by a senior U.S. commerce official that China has set barriers against foreign investment was "totally contrary to the facts."China is the third largest export market of the U.S., and has been the fastest growing one for years. U.S. exports to China reached 77.4 billion U.S. dollars in 2009, driving down the U.S.-China trade deficit by 16 percent, he said."Absorbing foreign investment is part of China's basic state policy of opening-up," said Yao. "China has always been making efforts to provide a more open and more optimized investment environment for domestic and foreign investors.""Some countries themselves resort to trade protectionism, but turn around and accuse others. This is not only unreasonable but also not good for its own economic recovery," he said.

BEIJING, Jan. 15 (Xinhua) -- China will soon clarify the rules and regulations on qualified foreign institutional investors (QFIIs) trading stock index futures in China, the China Daily reported Friday.     "The regulator will work on the policies and regulations on securities companies, mutual funds and QFIIs ... in order to guarantee the smooth launch of index futures," the newspaper quoted Shang Fulin, chairman of China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) as saying at a national conference on securities and futures supervision that ended Thursday.     CSRC will also enhance supervision on securities firms that provide brokerage services for index futures trading and improve the country's cross-market supervision regime, the newspaper quoted Shang as saying.     Foreign institutions may be allowed to trade index futures using a portion of their QFII quota, but details on trading requirements are still unknown, said the newspaper.     At the conference Shang also said that the regulator would introduce margin trading and short selling pilot programs at the appropriate time, according to the newspaper.

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BEIJING, Feb. 6 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese Central Government has sent eight inspection working groups to 16 provincial areas nationwide to prevent the melamine-tainted milk powder, which killed at least six in 2008, from being reclaimed illegally in producing milk products.Leftovers of milk powder contaminated by melamine were sealed in 2008 and required to be destroyed, but some might have been used as raw materials for diary products illegally in certain areas, according to local police.Police in Shaanxi Province on Thursday publicized a case on illegal use of leftovers of melamine-tainted milk powder.An initial investigation showed 10 tonnes of tainted milk powder leftovers were sold to a local diary producer Lekang Company in September and October in 2009. Three suspects were arrested.Three suspects from the Shanghai Panda Dairy Company were prosecuted in December 2009 on suspicion of using leftovers of melamine-laced milk powder in milk products. Local police said all the company's products had been recalled and caused no serious harms to the consumers.China's food safety authorities on Feb. 1 launched a 10-day checks for melamine-tainted milk products across the country.However, the string of problems gave another blow to China's efforts to restore confidence in its dairy products.The melamine-laced milk products scandal in 2008 killed at least six infants and sickened 300,000 children across the country.Any illegal practices concerning food safety would be punished severely, an official with the National Food Safety Rectification Office led by Health Minister Chen Zhu said earlier this week.The quality watchdog of Xi'an, capital of Shaanxi Province, has carried out food safety inspection on 73 batches of different brands of milk products and has not found problems.The northeastern Jilin provincial government kicked off a milk product safety check at the end of January."We must do our best to retrieve and destroy milk products that have quality problems. We can't stand a single pack of such milk powder to appear in market," said Zang Zhongsheng, head of the Jilin provincial administration for industry and commerce.There is no accurate figure on the amount of problematic milk powder that has not been destroyed in the 2008 milk products scandal. But in the bankrupt dairy producer Sanlu alone, more than 2,000 tonnes of melamine-tainted baby formula was sealed in 2008.Sanlu, based in Shijiazhuang in Hebei Province, suffered devastating losses and went bankrupt, standing in the spotlight of the melamine-tainted milk products scandal in 2008.How to destruct the melamine-tainted milk powder was still a tough nut to crack for many local authorities and dairy firms, according to industrial insiders.A number of experiments had been conducted to find a way to deal with the melamine-tainted powder in Shijiazhuang, but they all failed, according to a insider who declined be named."If we use the milk powder as fuels, it would cost much more to clean boilers than burning coal; if we use it as ingredients in cement, we could not get qualified products; if we just bury it, we worry someone might dig it out illegally as the volume is huge," the expert said."The milk powder piled like hills and people just don't know what to do," said Zhang Xingkuan, a lawyer who once handle cases on compensation for the scandal victims and frequently visited the dairy firms.It was more difficult to monitor small dairy firms, which were more inclined to use leftovers of tainted milk to cut cost, according to Wang Weimin, secretary-general of Xi'an Dairy Association."They will not do this when milk powder prices are low, but they will do this when milk powder prices soar," he said.To crack down on such practices, the Chinese government had vowed to investigate the case thoroughly and all factories that use prohibited materials in producing dairy products would be shut down with license suspended and punished severely.

LONDON, Jan. 28 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi made four proposals Thursday on the Afghan reconstruction at the London Conference on Afghanistan."Afghanistan's reconstruction process had gone through twists and turns," Yang said in a speech. "The successful elections held by the Afghan people opened a new chapter in the history of the country."Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi speaks to the media after the one-day London Conference on Afghanistan in London, capital of Britain, Jan. 28, 2010. Yang Jiechi spoke highly of the London Conference on Afghanistan concluded on Thursday with security, economic development and governance topping the agendaOn the next stage of Afghan reconstruction, Yang made the following proposals: The international community should help create enabling conditions for safeguarding the security of the country and its people and help the country achieve economic development.His other two proposals were that the international community should help Afghanistan improve governance and enhance coordination and cooperation in helping Afghanistan."The international community should continue paying attention to Afghanistan and offer greater support and assistance to that country," he said. "It should help Afghanistan strengthen its sovereignty, ownership and development capacity." Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi (L) speaks to the media after the one-day London Conference on Afghanistan in London, capital of Britain, Jan. 28, 2010Yang emphasized that China will help the Afghan people embark on the path of peace, stability and development as early as possible.

BEIJING, March 9 (Xinhua) -- Work place accidents in China reversed an upward trend and declined steadily over the past few years because of efforts to remove potential dangers, a senior trade union official said here Tuesday.Workplace accidents decreased 8.4 percent in 2009 from a year earlier, while work-related deaths dropped 8.8 percent, Zhang Mingqi, vice chairman of the All China Federation of Trade Unions, said at a press conference on the sidelines of the annual session of the National People's Conference, the country's top legislature.Zhang Mingqi, deputy president of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, answers questions during a press conference on the function of Chinese trade unions during the transformation of the pattern of economic development held on the sidelines of the Third Session of the 11th National People's Congress in Beijing, China, March 9, 2010Last year, the administration hired more than 100 civilian inspectors to help improve work safety. It also stepped up efforts to eliminate potential dangers at work places and enhance training to improve awareness of workers' safety.

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TAIPEI, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- General Secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee Hu Jintao's talk to Taiwan business people during his Spring Festival visit in Fujian Province delivered goodwill to Taiwan, media and scholars on the island said.Leading newspapers in Taiwan including the China Times and the United Daily News followed the developments of Hu's four-day inspection tour in Fujian, which faces Taiwan.Hu ended his tour on Feb. 15 after visiting Zhangzhou, Longyan and Xiamen and celebrated the Spring Festival, or the Lunar New Year, with local residents and Taiwan compatriots living in Fujian.Hu told Taiwan business people the mainland would try its best in everything that would benefit Taiwan compatriots, and "we will honor our words."Chinese President Hu Jintao (2nd L), who is also general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), talks with a businessman (1st L) from China's Taiwan Province, at the Zhangpu Pioneer Park of Taiwan farmers in Zhangzhou, east China's Fujian Province, Feb. 12, 2010He also said the negotiation on the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement between the mainland and Taiwan would "put into full consideration the interests of Taiwan compatriots, especially those of farmers."The China Times carried a commentary saying the message conveyed in Hu's speech to Taiwan business people was worth careful reading by Taiwan authorities.The online edition of the Central Daily News also released a commentary headlined "Hu Jintao celebrates Spring Festival in Fujian, delivers goodwill to Taiwan people."Hsu Wun-Pin, a renowned lawyer in Taiwan, said Hu's visit highlighted the role of culture and kinship in cross-Strait relations.Hsu's ancestors lived in Tong'an, now a district of the coastal city of Xiamen.Tamkang University prof. Chang Wu-yueh said Hu's choice of visiting Taiwan businessmen in cities that saw thriving cross-Strait exchanges during the most important traditional festival of the Chinese nation clearly displayed the mainland's high expectations of cross-Strait relations.

BEIJING, Jan. 28 (Xinhua) -- A draft regulation on expropriation of houses and relevant compensation is expected to be made public Friday to solicit comments.China's Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council, or cabinet, is going to release the full text of the draft on its website, www.chinalaw.gov.cn.The draft spells out the conditions, due process and compensation of expropriation intended for public interest, such as national defense, key national projects of energy, transportation and education.The draft says local government should, by holding hearings or adopting other opinion soliciting methods, ensure that the public opinions can be heard.The draft also provides that compensation to the house owners should not be less than the market price of similar houses.The draft stresses that no violence, coercion, or other illegal means, such as cutting off the water or power supply of the houses, can be employed in demolition procedures.Demolition for the need to upgrade the quality of dangerous and old buildings should not be carried out without the approval of 90 percent of the house owners, the draft says.The public is invited to comment on the draft regulation any time before Feb. 12 via online postings, email or letters.

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BEIJING, March 9 (Xinhua) -- Work place accidents in China reversed an upward trend and declined steadily over the past few years because of efforts to remove potential dangers, a senior trade union official said here Tuesday.Workplace accidents decreased 8.4 percent in 2009 from a year earlier, while work-related deaths dropped 8.8 percent, Zhang Mingqi, vice chairman of the All China Federation of Trade Unions, said at a press conference on the sidelines of the annual session of the National People's Conference, the country's top legislature.Zhang Mingqi, deputy president of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, answers questions during a press conference on the function of Chinese trade unions during the transformation of the pattern of economic development held on the sidelines of the Third Session of the 11th National People's Congress in Beijing, China, March 9, 2010Last year, the administration hired more than 100 civilian inspectors to help improve work safety. It also stepped up efforts to eliminate potential dangers at work places and enhance training to improve awareness of workers' safety.

BEIJING, Feb. 27 (Xinhua) -- China's massive stimulus package has proved effective, with the Chinese economy having bottomed out and now in recovery mode, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said during an online chat Saturday.The stimulus package brought confidence and courage, and improvements have been gradually made during its implementation, Wen said while chatting online with Netizens at www.gov.cn and www.xinhuanet.com.Boosted by a raft of stimulus measures, China's economy expanded 8.7 percent in 2009, staging a speedy recovery after being hit by the worst global financial crisis in eight decades.Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (L) prepares to chat with Internet surfers on two state news portals in Beijing, China, Feb. 27, 2010. The two portals, the central government website (www.gov.cn) and the Xinhua News Agency website(www.xinhuanet.com), will jointly interview Wen, which will be shown live in both text and videoThe stimulus package included fiscal spending; tax cuts; adjustment and support policies for key industries; support systems for scientific development; and improvements in the social security system.The package has contributed to the nation's development and people's livelihood with both economic and social achievements, he added.