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BEIJING, Dec. 25 (Xinhua) -- The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, studied the implementation of the Law on Labor Contract and the Law on Compulsory Education Thursday at a plenary session.     The legislative session was attended by Wu Bangguo, chairman of the NPC National Committee, and presided over by Chen Zhili, vice chairwoman of the NPC Standing Committee. The third plenary session of the sixth session of the 11th Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress(NPC) is held at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, on Dec. 25, 2008. Wu Bangguo, chairman of the Standing Committee of the NPC, attended the session.    Lu Yongxiang, vice chairman of the top legislature, read a report at the session on the practice of the Law on Compulsory Education, which was put into force in 1986 with an overall revision in 2006.     The top legislature checked the implementation of the law in 2007 and 2008, respectively.     Over the past two years, Lu said, the law has entered the stage of an overall popularization throughout the country as it has been fully supported by the state finance and the policy of free compulsory education has been achieved.     But there have been difficulties for the implementation of the law in rural areas, including the lack of funds and quality teachers and the existence of safety problems for school buildings and management in the countryside.     Hua Jianmin, vice chairman of the NPC Standing Committee, made a report on the implementation of the Law on Labor Contract, which went into effect on Jan. 1, 2008. The top legislature checked the practice of the law from mid-September to mid-October, he said.     According to Hua, the implementation of the new law is good in general as the number of labor contracts signed has witnessed a remarkable rise this year and the rights of transient workers from rural areas have been better protected.     However, the practice of the law has met new problems since October, when the impacts of the current global financial crisis spread and the growth of world economy slowed down, he said.     Hua urged that more efforts should be made to publicize the law, so as to better implement it and give greater attention to the protection of laborers' rights.     At the session, the lawmakers also heard reports on the handling of 462proposals and 6,279 pieces of suggestions, comments and criticisms from NPC deputies during the First Session of the Eleventh NPC in March 2008.     Meanwhile, the meeting heard reports on the amendments of the Law on Earthquake Relief and the Patent Law. The NPC Law Committee suggested that the top legislature approve the two amended laws.     It also heard a report on Wu's recent visit to five African nations and the Commission of the African Union.

RAMALLAH, Jan. 15 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese special envoy for the Middle East Sun Bigan called for an immediate halt of military activities in Gaza during his meeting with Palestinian National Authority (PNA) Chairman Mahmoud Abbas in the West Bank city of Ramallah Thursday.     The two discussed the situation in the Gaza Strip, which has been under intensive Israeli attacks for almost three weeks, causing more than 1,000 Palestinians dead and over 4,600 wounded. The Palestinian National Authority (PNA) Chairman Mahmoud Abbas (R) meets with Sun Bigan, China's special envoy on the Middle East issue, in the West Bank city of Ramallah, on Jan. 15, 2008.     Sun urged all parties to abide by UN Security Council resolution 1860 to avoid additional civilian casualties and ease the humanitarian crisis.     He said as a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China has the duty to uphold justice and safeguard world peace. The warfare in Gaza, since its start, had drawn attentions from the Chinese leadership as well as the Chinese public.     Sun said China has been making efforts to bring peace back to the region and to ease the humanitarian crisis happening in Gaza.     Sun stressed that China has been long supporting the stance held by the PNA and Abbas that the Palestinian issue should be solved politically. Israeli President Shimon Peres meets with visiting China's special envoy on the Middle East issue Sun Bigan in Jerusalem, Jan. 14, 2009.    He expressed his hope that the Palestinian side could continue gaining international support, and the disputes can be solved through negotiations.     Sun said that unity remains the basic and most important factor that ensures the Palestinians to regain their legitimate national rights, adding that China appreciates the tireless efforts that Abbas has made to maintain Palestinian national unity.     Abbas highly praised the five standpoints on the current Middle East situation issued by China, thanked for China's emergency humanitarian aid, and expressed his willingness to keep exerting efforts to restore stability as soon as possible. Egyptian Foreign Minister Ahmed Abul Gheit (R) meets with China's special envoy on the Middle East issue Sun Bigan in Cairo Jan. 12, 2009. The two sides exchanged opinions on the Gaza crisis and vowed to work together to help ease the tension in the Palestinian enclave.    Before his visit to Ramallah, Sun also toured Egypt and Israel, where he put forward five standpoints of the Chinese government on the current Middle East situation to Egyptian and Israeli officials.     The five standpoints are:     1. China calls on all parties concerned to abide by the UN Security Council Resolution 1860, and cease all military actions immediately to avert more casualties.     2. Measures should be taken to ease the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. A stable channel for supply of humanitarian aid including food, medicine and fuel, for Gaza should be open at the earliest time possible, and parties concerned should provide necessary guarantee in this regard.     3. Parties concerned should establish, through negotiation, a ceasefire monitoring mechanism in Gaza and work to create durable security and stability there.     4. The Palestine-Israel peace talks should resume at the earliest time, and efforts should be made to seek solution to issues related to the final status of Palestine on the basis of mutual-trust, so that an independent Palestinian state will be established as early as possible and the "two states" of Palestine and Israel will coexist peacefully.     5. The international community should increase mediating efforts for peace and promote a comprehensive, just and durable settlement of the Middle East issue. China is ready to work with parties concerned and make unremitting efforts in this regard. Amr Moussa (R), secretary-general of the Arab League, meets with China's special envoy on the Middle East issue Sun Bigan at the headquarters of the Arab League in Cairo, capital of Egypt, on Jan. 12, 2009.

BEIJING, Nov. 8 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao and U.S. president-elect Barack Obama Saturday discussed in a telephone conversation relations between China and the United States and major international issues of common concern, including the ongoing global financial crisis.     In the telephone conversation, Hu expressed appreciation to Obama for emphasizing in his election campaign speeches the great importance of China-U.S. relations, and for advocating the strengthening of China-U.S. cooperation in jointly responding to global challenges and in sharing global development opportunities.     Hu pointed out that since the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries 30 years ago, bilateral relations have generally kept developing despite setbacks, scoring hard-earned achievements and bringing about tangible interests to both nations.     As the largest developing nation and the largest developed nation, China and the United States share extensive common interests on issues related to world peace and development, and both assume important responsibility in this regard, Hu said.     In the new historical period of time, China is willing to maintain high-level exchange with the United States and also contacts at all levels, continue strategic dialogue with the United States, increase exchange and cooperation between the two countries in all fields, and strengthen the exchange of opinion and coordination with the United States on major international and regional issues, the Chinese president noted.     China and the United States should respect each other and accommodate each other's concerns, and appropriately settle sensitive issues between the two countries, particularly the Taiwan issue, in order to promote the China-U.S. relations of constructive cooperation to a higher level, he said.     Speaking on the same occasion, Obama said that China is a great nation and that China's development and success meet U.S. interests.     On today's international arena, U.S.-China relations are relations of vital importance. The development of U.S.-China relations is not only in the interest of both nations, but also benefits the world, Obama said.     Saying that U.S.-China relations face many development opportunities, Obama expressed the hope that the United States and China will strengthen cooperation, and promote greater development of bilateral relations, to bring benefits to both nations.     The United States hopes to strengthen consultation and coordination with China on security, climate change and regional hotspot issues, to promote settlement of the relevant issues.     Hu pointed out that the current global financial crisis has seriously impacted economic development and people's livelihood in all countries around the world. The international community should increase confidence, strengthen coordination and have close cooperation, in effectively dealing with this global challenge.     A world economic summit will be held in Washington on Nov. 15, and China attaches great importance to it. China is willing to discuss with other participants in the summit how to adopt powerful measures to reestablish market confidence as early as possible, how to prevent the global financial crisis from proliferation and spreading, and how to diminish its impact on real economies, in a bid to avert a possible global economic recession, Hu said.     The global financial crisis has led to the exposure of many deep-hidden drawbacks of the global financial system.     The international community should earnestly sum up the lessons from the global financial crisis and launch necessary reforms of the global financial system, on the basis of sufficient consultation among all interested parties, Hu said.     In particular, efforts should be made to explore in an in-depth way solution of such major questions as how to strengthen international financial supervision and regulation, how to improve the system of international financial organizations and how to improve the international monetary system, the Chinese president said.     Obama said that settlement of the global financial crisis requires close cooperation by governments of all countries, expressing the hope that the United States and China will strengthen cooperation at the world economic summit planned for November 15 in Washington.

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HEFEI, Jan. 31 (Xinhua) -- Vice Premier Hui Liangyu said on Saturday that local government should seek every means to help migrant workers land jobs, calling it "a prominent and important task" in the current rural work agenda.     Hui made the remarks when he toured east China's Anhui Province. He urged local enterprises to guarantee job opportunities for migrant workers and asked infrastructure projects contractors to hire as many migrant workers as possible.     The vocational training for the migrant workers should be strengthened, Hui said.     Migrant workers were also encouraged to go back to their hometown to start their own business, and support should be given in bank loans, tax breaks and business registration, according to Hui.     Hui also urged local government to attach great importance to the fight against drought, which plagued more than 866,700 hectares of wheat in the province. He said rural water control facility construction should be speeded up.     He also asked local authorities to enhance the control of bird flu and foot-and-mouth disease.

KUWAIT CITY, Dec. 28 (Xinhua) -- China vowed here on Sunday to further its pragmatic cooperation with Kuwait in the various fields in a bid to step up the bilateral relations to a higher level.     In his meeting with Emir of Kuwait Sheikh Sabah al-Ahmad al-Jaber al-Sabah, visiting Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang called on the two sides to promote high-level exchange based on equality and mutual benefit, political mutual trust as well as cooperation on trade.     China highly values its ties with Kuwait and the two nations have offered mutual understanding and support on issues with the irrespective key concern, Li said.     Li also said that China is ready to strengthen cooperation with the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) which plays a very important role in the Gulf region.     The dialogue mechanism with GCC would launch next year and the negotiation on a free trade area has entered into a critical phase, Li said, expressing his belief that Kuwait would continue to play a significant role to boost China-GCC relationship. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang(R,front) visits the operation center of Kuwait's third mobile telephony network contracted to build by China's Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. in Kuwait City, Dec. 28, 2008.     Echoing Li's views, Emir Al-Sabah highlighted the growth of cooperation between the two nations such as economics and trade, promising that the country would continue to push forward the bilateral relations.     Emir Al-Sabah also expressed his appreciation to China's efforts on the Middle East issue and willingness to, as a GCC member, work with China to safeguard the regional peace and stability.     Li pays the visit to Kuwait at the invitation of Kuwaiti First Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defense Sheikh Jaber MubarakAl-Hamad Al-Sabah.     Kuwait is the final leg of Li's 11-day overseas visit, his first foreign visit since he took office as vice premier in March, which has already taken him to Indonesia and Egypt. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang(R) visits the operation center of Kuwait's third mobile telephony network contracted to build by China's Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. in Kuwait City, Dec. 28, 2008.     According to official statistics, China and Kuwait renewed their record of bilateral trade volume in 2007 with 3.6 billion U.S. dollars, a 30 percent growth compared with that of 2006.     China imported 2.3 billion dollars worth of goods from Kuwait in 2007, with 90 percent of oil products, while only exporting 1.3billion dollars of goods to Kuwait.

BEIJING, Oct. 19 (Xinhua) -- China's premium revenue is expected to hit one trillion yuan (146.3 billion U.S. dollars) this year due to strengthened promotion and increasing demand, said a senior official here on Sunday.     The premium revenue grew at an annual rate of 30 percent from 460 million yuan in 1980, when insurance business began to enter into full swing in China, to hit 703.58 billion yuan in 2007, said vice chairman of the China Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC) Zhou Yanli at the opening ceremony of an insurance exhibition.     The revenue in the first eight months this year rose 52.24 percent year on year to 713.40 billion yuan which exceeded the total of last year, he said.     The revenue for the whole year is likely to break one trillion yuan at the current pace, he predicted.     The development of China's insurance business had been halted for 20 years after the founding of the new China in 1949. After the opening up and reform initiated in 1979, the sector was on the way to the right track and entered into full swing.     The value of the industry assets totaled more than three trillion yuan, which is owned by more than 110 insurers, according to Zhou.     Despite of the progress, insiders noted the revenue growth is poised to slow down in the fourth quarter of 2008 and the first half of 2009 as insurers are expected to retain dividends to protect its profit margin which was hurt by stock investment returns slumps. That is likely to discourage the future premium growth.     China Life, the nation's largest life insurer, saw premium jump52.9 percent from a year ago to 23.44 billion yuan in September, much slower than the 93.7 percent growth in August. The combined revenue in the first nine months totaled 248.6 billion yuan, up 56.7 percent year on year, comparing with the 57.14 percent growth in August.

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BEIJING, Jan. 4 (Xinhua) -- Canvassers for China's economic census must ensure the validity and credibility of the results to give decision makers better insight into the economy, Vice Premier Li Keqiang said on Sunday.     The census is vital as it provides a frame of reference for the government to maintain stable, rapid economic growth as the financial crisis deepens, Li said during visits to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) and a census data collection site here.     "The global financial crisis has not bottomed out but has further hit the world economy, and its adverse impact on China is gradually unfolding," said Li.     He urged census-takers to strive for quality and timeliness in their data. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (2nd R Front) talks with a woman during his visit to China Power Investment Corporation in Beijing, capital of China, on Jan. 4, 2009. Li Keqiang on Sunday visited the State Bureau of Statistics and China Power Investment Corporation in Beijing for the second national economic census.     China started its second national economic census in October and is expected to publish the results at the end of this year. Workers have finished preparations and begun to collect and analyze the data.     The NBS started the census in 2004, and it is conducted every five years. The current census will help form the basis of the social and economic development blueprint for the 12th Five-Year Plan (2011-2015).     Statisticians around the nation will survey all enterprises from the secondary and tertiary sectors, including smaller ones that were omitted from earlier annual statistics.

BEIJING, Jan. 22 (Xinhua) -- Xinhua News Agency published an article by Hao Shiyuan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), on Thursday, to hail that the Democratic Reform is historic stride for social system in Tibet.     Hao, who is also director of the CASS center for the study of Tibetan history and culture, has contributed the article to the Beijing-based Guangming Daily as part of the newspaper's serial articles to mark the establishment of the "Serfs Emancipation Day" by the Tibetan legislature on Monday.     Before the launching in 1959 of the Democratic Reform in Tibet, the highland area was under a hierarchical rule by monks and aristocrats, says the article, citing a book by Edmund Candler, an India-based correspondent of the British newspaper "Daily Mail", who entered Tibet with British army in 1905.     According to the British reporter's "The Unveiling Lhasa", Tibet was then under a feudalist serfdom, where peasants were slaves of lamas. He even compared the Potala Palace, the residence of Tibetan Buddhist leaders, with the bloodiest medieval castles in Europe in the Middle Ages.     The British journalist was so surprised at what he saw in Tibet that he depicted the Tibetan serfdom as unprecedentedly stubborn and dark.     The Communist Party of China (CPC), which represents the fundamental interests of the Chinese of different ethnic groups, is the only power which can lead the one million Tibetan serfs to end the hierarchical serfdom in Tibet, says Hao.     In 1951, the central government signed a 17-article Agreement with the local government of Tibet, which marks the peaceful liberation of Tibet.     In 1954, late Chinese leader Chairman Mao Zedong told the ** Lama, who was then a vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), the top legislature, that the central government was not eager to implement the Democratic Reform in Tibet, though the reform had been underway in other minority areas.     "It needs the consent of the Tibetan people and the will of the Han people must not be forcibly given to the Tibetan people," said Mao, who indicated that the central government was patient enough on the issue of Democratic Reform in Tibet, though "some Han officials might be" eager to carry out the reform.     The scholar explains that "some Han officials", who were not as patient as the central government, came to the idea to start the reform at an early time, because they witnessed that the Tibetan people were increasingly eager to end the serfdom, under which, the Tibetan serfs were living in an abyss of suffering.     Between 1952-58, the local government of Tibet had a financial income of 392.9 million yuan (about 52 million U.S. dollars), but 357.17 million yuan, or 91 percent, came from the central government. Meanwhile, the central government had invested a lot of money to build highways in Tibet. By 1957, the length of Tibetan highways topped 6,000 kilometers.     Under serfdom, however, Tibetan serfs could not enjoy the economic achievements in Tibet, which were made with the financial assistance by the central government, the article says.     The Buddhist monks, aristocrats and the local government were frightened by the bulging demand of the Tibetan people for carrying out the reform.     In 1955, a preparatory committee of the Tibet Autonomous Region was set up, with the ** Lama as the chairman and the Banqen Lama as a vice chairman. In the same year, some Tibetan aristocrats began plotting for armed rebellions.     Beginning in 1957, some Tibetan people were organized to lay siege to government organizations, kill government staff workers, and hold armed rebellions. In 1958, a large number of rebellious armed forces were set up in Tibet.     On Mar. 10, 1959, an all-around armed rebellion was launched by the local government of Tibet and the stubborn upper-class forces, and the ** Lama went into exile, in betrayal of the nation and the Tibetan people.     The Tibetan hierarchical ruling forces headed by the ** Lama held the 1959 armed rebellion - an attempt to safeguard the feudalist serfdom and their fundamental interests, oppose all kinds of changes in Tibet, and seek for "Tibetan independence", according to the article.     On Mar. 28, the central government dissolved the local government of Tibet and replaced it with the preparatory committee, while launching the Democratic Reform, which allowed the Tibetan people to step in the process of a modern social development. Since then, a series of reform policies and measures had been issued to abolish the old system and set up a new system.     In 1961, the Democratic Reform was initially completed as the 1million emancipated Tibetan serfs became the master of Tibet and people's governments were set up across the autonomous region.     Thanks to the support of the central government, the Tibetan economy had achieved a big progress. As of 1965, the grain output in Tibet reached 290 million kilograms, an 88.6 percent increase over 1958, while the number of the livestock stood at over 18 million, an increase of 54.1 percent comparing with that of 1958.     On Sept. 1, 1965, the Tibet Autonomous Region was established, which marks the beginning of a socialist drive in Tibet, a historic stride for social system in Tibet, the article says.

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BEIJING, Oct. 19 (Xinhua) -- The Communist Party of China (CPC) issued a policy document on Sunday urging the improved social welfare enjoyed by the country's 900 million rural population.     The Decision on Major Issues Concerning the Advancement of Rural Reform and Development was approved by the CPC Central Committee on Oct. 12 in a plenary session.     RURAL CULTURE AND EDUCATION     The document urged for further cultural development in the country's rural areas, quoting that "rural cultural development is of great importance to building a new socialist countryside."     It demanded TV, radio and movies be more accessible in the rural areas, and more community cultural centers to be set up in the villages along with countryside libraries.     Cultural products based on rural lives and activities, which the farmers are willing to participate and have easy access to should be encouraged, the document said.     It urged urban organizations to go to the countryside to spread scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical services to farmers, and help them break away from superstitions and build a harmonious society that advocated gender equality and honesty. Local farmers work in the fields in Wenxian County of Longnan City, northwest China's Gansu Province, on Oct. 19, 2008. Reconstruction on agriculture is accelerated in Longnan, the province's most suffered area in the May 12 earthquake that devastated China's southwest and northwest regions    The document also said efforts must be made to improve the education level in rural areas, especially for the left-behind children, those whose parents are both working in the cities, and children from economically-challenged families.     Professional trainings should be provided in townships to train farmers, while college students were encouraged to go the countryside to work.     Quality of teachers in the rural areas would be improved, along with their salaries and working conditions, the document said.     SOCIAL WELFARE AND RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE     In addition, efforts must be made to ensure all farmers can enjoy basic medicare service by sticking to the rural cooperative medical system, the document said.     It demanded every county and township should have its own medical institution, while villages in the rural areas were also encouraged to set up medical stations to provide "safe and inexpensive medical service" to farmers.     Endemic diseases, infectious diseases and disease that affects both human beings and livestock must be closely guarded against, with the focus on prevention of such illness.     The one-child policy must be adhered to in the countryside to retain a low birth rate in the rural areas, and to deal with a disproportional sex ratio, the document said.     It also demanded to accelerate the construction of a comprehensive social welfare system in the countryside.     A new old age insurance system in the rural areas should be established in the countryside with the premiums paid by the beneficiaries and the collective and government subsidies. Authorities should find ways to incorporate the system with the urban old-age insurance system, it said.     In addition, the livelihood of farmers whose land had been requisitioned must be guaranteed before the requisition procedure, the document said.     The rural minimum living allowance system must be perfected with larger subsidies from the central and provincial budget, to cover all applicable with improved benefits.     Living standards of those who receive five guarantees, namely food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses provided by local governments for their lack of relatives and working abilities, should be in accordance with the average living standards of the neighborhood, the document demanded.     It also urged to improve the relief system to help farmers affected by natural disasters and boost social welfare for the old, the handicapped, the poor and orphans.     Prevention of disability and rehabilitation for the disabled must also be strengthened in the countryside, the document said.     The document highlighted the importance of infrastructure construction in the rural areas.     The committee vowed to ensure villagers to have safe drinking water within five years and townships be connected by cement roads by the end of 2010.     Efforts should be made to develop renewable energy resources, including methane, wind and solar energy, it said, adding Internet service would be accessible for more farmers.     POVERTY REDUCTION AND DISASTER RELIEF     The committee pledged to provide more low-income farmers with financial aid and give more assistance to people in remote areas, revolutionary bases, ethnic minority regions and poverty-stricken places.     International cooperation should be enhanced to fight poverty in the countryside, it read.     To install an upgraded natural disaster forecasting system and raise farmers' awareness of emergency response and relief was also one of the document's high points.     The capacity of forecasting disastrous weather, ecological disasters and monitoring earthquakes should be strengthened and more needs to be done to promote farmers' disaster prevention and relief awareness, it said.     The paper also set the direction for public facility safety standards, saying schools and hospital buildings should all be safe and up to construction standards.     All-out efforts should be made to restore the agriculture work in the area struck by the May 12 Sichuan earthquake and more measures need to be adopted to heal and improve the ecological conditions in the quake-hit region, it noted.     HARMONIOUS SOCIETY IN THE COUNTRYSIDE     It also emphasized the importance of maintaining a "harmonious" and "stable" environment in the countryside.     More channels should be opened to solicit farmers' opinions and address their complaints and problems, said the paper, adding leaders should pay frequent visits to farmers and solve villagers' problems at the grassroot level.     The committee further underscored ethnic relations. The equal, united, mutually-aided and harmonious ethnic relations should be consolidated and developed, it said.     Interference with village affairs by any religious groups or clans would be objected; evil cults in villages were prohibited and any mafia-style force would incur severe crackdown, it said. Local farmers work in the fields in Wenxian County of Longnan City, northwest China's Gansu Province, on Oct. 19, 2008. Reconstruction on agriculture is accelerated in Longnan, the province's most suffered area in the May 12 earthquake that devastated China's southwest and northwest regions

BEIJING, Oct. 19 (Xinhua) -- The Communist Party of China (CPC) issued a policy document on Sunday urging the improved social welfare enjoyed by the country's 900 million rural population.     The Decision on Major Issues Concerning the Advancement of Rural Reform and Development was approved by the CPC Central Committee on Oct. 12 in a plenary session.     RURAL CULTURE AND EDUCATION     The document urged for further cultural development in the country's rural areas, quoting that "rural cultural development is of great importance to building a new socialist countryside."     It demanded TV, radio and movies be more accessible in the rural areas, and more community cultural centers to be set up in the villages along with countryside libraries.     Cultural products based on rural lives and activities, which the farmers are willing to participate and have easy access to should be encouraged, the document said.     It urged urban organizations to go to the countryside to spread scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical services to farmers, and help them break away from superstitions and build a harmonious society that advocated gender equality and honesty. Local farmers work in the fields in Wenxian County of Longnan City, northwest China's Gansu Province, on Oct. 19, 2008. Reconstruction on agriculture is accelerated in Longnan, the province's most suffered area in the May 12 earthquake that devastated China's southwest and northwest regions    The document also said efforts must be made to improve the education level in rural areas, especially for the left-behind children, those whose parents are both working in the cities, and children from economically-challenged families.     Professional trainings should be provided in townships to train farmers, while college students were encouraged to go the countryside to work.     Quality of teachers in the rural areas would be improved, along with their salaries and working conditions, the document said.     SOCIAL WELFARE AND RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE     In addition, efforts must be made to ensure all farmers can enjoy basic medicare service by sticking to the rural cooperative medical system, the document said.     It demanded every county and township should have its own medical institution, while villages in the rural areas were also encouraged to set up medical stations to provide "safe and inexpensive medical service" to farmers.     Endemic diseases, infectious diseases and disease that affects both human beings and livestock must be closely guarded against, with the focus on prevention of such illness.     The one-child policy must be adhered to in the countryside to retain a low birth rate in the rural areas, and to deal with a disproportional sex ratio, the document said.     It also demanded to accelerate the construction of a comprehensive social welfare system in the countryside.     A new old age insurance system in the rural areas should be established in the countryside with the premiums paid by the beneficiaries and the collective and government subsidies. Authorities should find ways to incorporate the system with the urban old-age insurance system, it said.     In addition, the livelihood of farmers whose land had been requisitioned must be guaranteed before the requisition procedure, the document said.     The rural minimum living allowance system must be perfected with larger subsidies from the central and provincial budget, to cover all applicable with improved benefits.     Living standards of those who receive five guarantees, namely food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses provided by local governments for their lack of relatives and working abilities, should be in accordance with the average living standards of the neighborhood, the document demanded.     It also urged to improve the relief system to help farmers affected by natural disasters and boost social welfare for the old, the handicapped, the poor and orphans.     Prevention of disability and rehabilitation for the disabled must also be strengthened in the countryside, the document said.     The document highlighted the importance of infrastructure construction in the rural areas.     The committee vowed to ensure villagers to have safe drinking water within five years and townships be connected by cement roads by the end of 2010.     Efforts should be made to develop renewable energy resources, including methane, wind and solar energy, it said, adding Internet service would be accessible for more farmers.     POVERTY REDUCTION AND DISASTER RELIEF     The committee pledged to provide more low-income farmers with financial aid and give more assistance to people in remote areas, revolutionary bases, ethnic minority regions and poverty-stricken places.     International cooperation should be enhanced to fight poverty in the countryside, it read.     To install an upgraded natural disaster forecasting system and raise farmers' awareness of emergency response and relief was also one of the document's high points.     The capacity of forecasting disastrous weather, ecological disasters and monitoring earthquakes should be strengthened and more needs to be done to promote farmers' disaster prevention and relief awareness, it said.     The paper also set the direction for public facility safety standards, saying schools and hospital buildings should all be safe and up to construction standards.     All-out efforts should be made to restore the agriculture work in the area struck by the May 12 Sichuan earthquake and more measures need to be adopted to heal and improve the ecological conditions in the quake-hit region, it noted.     HARMONIOUS SOCIETY IN THE COUNTRYSIDE     It also emphasized the importance of maintaining a "harmonious" and "stable" environment in the countryside.     More channels should be opened to solicit farmers' opinions and address their complaints and problems, said the paper, adding leaders should pay frequent visits to farmers and solve villagers' problems at the grassroot level.     The committee further underscored ethnic relations. The equal, united, mutually-aided and harmonious ethnic relations should be consolidated and developed, it said.     Interference with village affairs by any religious groups or clans would be objected; evil cults in villages were prohibited and any mafia-style force would incur severe crackdown, it said. Local farmers work in the fields in Wenxian County of Longnan City, northwest China's Gansu Province, on Oct. 19, 2008. Reconstruction on agriculture is accelerated in Longnan, the province's most suffered area in the May 12 earthquake that devastated China's southwest and northwest regions