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BEIJING, Oct. 31 (Xinhua) -- Chinese shares dropped 1.97 percent on Friday, the month's last trading day.     The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index lost 1.97 percent, or 34.82 points, to close at 1,728.79. The Shenzhen index was down 1.19 percent, or 70.33 points, to close at 5,839.33 points.     The combined turnover was 35.23 billion yuan (5.03 billion U.S.dollars), compared with 49.35 billion yuan on the previous trading day. Losses outnumbered gains by 656 to 199 in Shanghai and 576 to151 in Shenzhen.     Almost all sectors fell except industries related to aircraft making after the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China Ltd. (CACC) announced Chinese indigenous regional jets would be sold to the United States, analysts said. CACC is not a publicly traded company.     Coal companies suffered the most losses. Kailuan Clean Coal Co.lost 7.21 percent to 10.3 yuan. Taiyuan Coal Gasification Company fell 4.34 percent to 7.50 yuan.     "I don't think the fall was related to recent mine accidents. It was a reflection of diminishing global energy demand," said Alex Xue, analyst with JL McGregor & Company.     The finance sector also dropped by an average of 3 percent. CITIC securities lost 2.46 percent to 17.84 yuan. Bank of Communications fell 4.20 percent to 4.33 yuan.     According to estimates from Friday's China Securities News, third-quarter profits of the country's 1,466 listed companies would fall 10.17 percent from the same period a year ago and 18.41 percent from the previous month to 206.09 billion yuan.     Operating net cash flow fell 51.75 percent to 827.4 billion yuan in the first three quarters. Analysts said rising material costs and weakening demand led to slumping profits.     The country's industrial output value growth slowed to 11.4 percent in September, the lowest rate since April 2002, the National Development and Reform Commission said on Thursday.     Despite the latest rate cut, which was viewed as helpful to stabilizing the stock market, analysts said the market could possibly continue falling. The long-term affects from the rate cut are yet to been seen.

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ATHENS, Nov. 2 (Xinhua) -- China attaches great attention to the cross-border cooperation and is willing to work together with the international communities to strengthen its effort in the fight against corruption, Teng Jiuming, head of the Chinese delegation, said at the 13th International Anti-Corruption Conference here on Sunday.     Teng, senior ombudsman from the Ministry of Supervision of China, said that corruption is a common challenge faced by all countries around the world.     "For years we have been carrying out international exchange and cooperation in the anti-corruption field based on the principles of equality, mutual benefit, of respect for differences, and of emphasis on effectiveness."     Teng pointed out that the Chinese government is ready to enhance its anti-corruption efforts together with other countries, regions and international organizations, so as to create a just and harmonious world.     The Chinese delegation also introduced China's anti-corruption strategies and practices in recent years at the conference.     According to the requirement of the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), the National Bureau of Corruption Prevention was established under the Central Chinese Government, which is the first corruption prevention organ at the national level since the founding of the People's Republic of China.     Teng said on 13th, May 2008, the Chinese government published the Five-year Work Plan (2008-2012 ) on building and Completing the System for Punishing and Preventing Corruption.     China has also tabled the Anti-Money Laundering Law and the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Disclosure of Government Information in recent years.     Business bribery is a common challenge faced by the international community. The Chinese government has initiated the anti-business bribery battle and notable progresses have been achieved, said Teng.     The 13th International Anti-corruption Conference, which attracted some 1,200 officials, scholars from all over the world to share their views in the fight against corruption, was held in Athens from October 30 to November 2, 2008.

BEIJING, Dec. 8 (Xinhua) -- China's annual Central Economic Work Conference opened here Monday to set tone for the economic development next year.     Observers believed the three-day event would give priority to efforts to maintain stable economic growth.     They reckoned in 2009, China would see more risks for worse economic slowdown, more struggling smaller businesses, grim export situation and arduous task of transformation of economic growth pattern.     "It is imperative for China to maintain an economic growth of at least 8 percent," said Zhuang Jian, senior economist with Asian Development Bank's China Resident Mission.     It was hard for China to bear the consequences of a too slow GDP growth, Zhuang added, citing bankruptcy of numerous enterprises, more migrant workers being laid off and difficulties for college graduates to find jobs.     China's macro-economic policies experienced a dramatic adjustment-- from "preventing economic overheating and curbing inflation" at the beginning of this year to "maintaining growth through expanding domestic demand" at present. In the first three quarters, the nation saw its GDP growth slowed to a single-digit rate for the first time over the past five years, thanks partly to macro-economic control efforts and the ongoing financial woes worldwide.     "The Chinese economy has suspended continuous heating and proceeded into a period of slow down," Zhang Liqun, a researcher with the macro economy department under the Development Research Center of the State Council, commented.     "The slowdown was worse than expected," said Ma Jiantang, head of the National Bureau of Statistics.     Data from the bureau showed that the country's GDP growth was 10.6 percent in the first quarter, 10.1 percent in the second, and9 percent in the third.     President Hu Jintao said at the end of November that the Chinese economy was pressurized by global economic downturn, obvious ebbing of demand from abroad and weakening of the country's traditional competitive edge.     "Impact from the international financial tsunami on the Chinese economy has begun to show up, and to deepen into various sectors of the real economy," said Wang Yiming, deputy head of the macro economic research institute of the National Development and Reform Commission.     Since mid October, the Central Government has promulgated a string of policies and measures to prevent the national economy from sliding drastically. They included end of a tight monetary policy and commencement of a moderately easy one, shifting the fiscal policy from "prudent" to "active", starting projects to improve infrastructure and promote people's livelihood, and, expanding domestic demand.     The People's Bank of China announced tax exemptions and downpayment cuts as of Oct. 27 to boost the falling real estate sector. The minimum downpayment for a first-time buyer of a residence smaller than 90 square meters was reduced to 20 percent from 30 percent.     Interest rates on mortgages for first-time buyers were cut 0.27percentage point. The floor for interest rates was lowered to 70 percent of the central bank's benchmark rate.     The central bank cut benchmark interest rates by 0.27 percentage point as of Oct. 30, the third such move in six weeks.     The benchmark one-year deposit rate dropped to 3.60 percent from 3.87 percent, while the benchmark one-year lending rate fell from 6.93 percent to 6.66 percent.     Tax rebates were raised for 3,486 export items as of Nov. 1. The adjustment covered such labor-intensive industries as textiles, toys, garments, and high-tech products, accounting for 25.8 percent of products covered by customs tariffs. Rebate rates run roughly from 9 percent to 14 percent.     On Nov. 9, state councilors announced a four-trillion-yuan (583.9 billion U.S. dollars) economic-stimulus package, which was seen as the most exciting stimuli in 10 years.     To boost consumption, particularly in the rural areas where 900 million people inhabited, was important part of efforts to expand domestic demand, observers believed.     China has launched a scheme to subsidize rural residents for buying home appliances since the end of 2007. It is estimated that in a period of four years, nearly 480 million units of refrigerators, washing machines, color TV sets and cell phones, which were in huge demand among farmers, will be sold in rural areas nationwide. That means 920 billion yuan to be spent by rural consumers.     "There is still a large room for the government to mull more policies to boost consumption, such as raising the threshold for taxable income and increasing income for lower-income earners," said Cai Zhizhou, an economist with the prestigious Peking University.     Export has since long been a major driving force for the Chinese economy. Economists believed the stable development of smaller enterprises, particularly the exporters, which provided jobs for 75 percent of urban employees and rural migrant workers, was related to the stability of the enormous Chinese labor market.     How to prevent export from sliding down too fast is one of the top concerns of the Chinese government.     "It is no doubt that China's export situation will become more grim next year. However, if the country manages to maintain a moderately fast growth in foreign sales of machines and electronics, it will likely achieve a growth of more than 15 percent in export at large," said Mei Xinyu, a trade expert with the Ministry of Commerce.     China has taken a string of measures to boost development of smaller enterprises.     "It is necessary for the government to work out more detailed, effective methods to mitigate tax burdens and enhance credit support for smaller businesses, and to help them with their efforts to promote technical upgrading and explore more markets," said Zhao Yumin, another economist with the Ministry of Commerce.     The service sector, which was able to provide numerous jobs, was yet to be expanded substantially, Zhao added.     Zhang Xiaojing, a senior economist with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that it was definitely wrong for China to waive long-term goals for short-term interests. He believed that to promote the shift of economic growth pattern and maintain the sustainable economic growth would be one of the important topics for the ongoing Central Economic Work Conference.

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BEIJING, Jan. 26 (Xinhua) -- Finance Minister Xie Xuren said Monday there would be growing difficulty balancing China's budget this year, and he urged officials to avoid unnecessary spending.     In a Lunar New Year greeting on the ministry's homepage, Xie said that the external and internal conditions affecting China's social and economic development in 2009 were "very severe" and more difficulties had to be overcome to achieve "steady and relatively fast" economic growth.     Xie said government funds should be used efficiently as the government carried out an active fiscal policy to support public investment while cutting taxes.     To stimulate the economy, the government has raised export tax rebates three times since July, increased farm subsidies and endedthe value-added tax for equipment purchases -- a move that's expected to reduce companies' tax bills by 120 billion yuan (about 17.4 billion U.S. dollars) a year.     Moreover, the threshold for individual income tax, which now stands at 2,000 yuan per month, is likely to rise.     Although 2008 fiscal revenue grew an estimated 19 percent from 2007 to some 6 trillion yuan, the economic slowdown, falling corporate profits and tax cuts drove down fiscal revenue in the second half of last year.     Last year, the economy grew 9 percent year-on-year, ending a five-year period of double-digit growth.     Xie said earlier this month that the fiscal decline might continue this year. The Finance Ministry has imposed tighter controls on the general administrative expenditure of local governments.     For example, local governments have been ordered to limit the year's spending on car purchases, meetings, catering and overseas travel to no more than the amounts spent last year.     Jiangxi Province has urged officials to avoid unnecessary travel and vowed to cut meeting outlays by 20 percent from the 2008 level, catering expenses by 10 percent, and international business travel costs by 10 percent.     Many local governments, meanwhile, said they would step up investment spending in 2008. Shaanxi Province, for example, said it planned to invest 40 billion yuan in education, job re-training, public sanitation and social security, up 21 percent from last year, while Henan Province will invest 40 billion yuan to raise living standards.     These and other local governments announced investment plans after the central government put together a 4-trillion-yuan stimulus package in response to ebbing growth.

BEIJING, Dec. 25 (Xinhua) -- The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, studied the implementation of the Law on Labor Contract and the Law on Compulsory Education Thursday at a plenary session.     The legislative session was attended by Wu Bangguo, chairman of the NPC National Committee, and presided over by Chen Zhili, vice chairwoman of the NPC Standing Committee. The third plenary session of the sixth session of the 11th Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress(NPC) is held at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, on Dec. 25, 2008. Wu Bangguo, chairman of the Standing Committee of the NPC, attended the session.    Lu Yongxiang, vice chairman of the top legislature, read a report at the session on the practice of the Law on Compulsory Education, which was put into force in 1986 with an overall revision in 2006.     The top legislature checked the implementation of the law in 2007 and 2008, respectively.     Over the past two years, Lu said, the law has entered the stage of an overall popularization throughout the country as it has been fully supported by the state finance and the policy of free compulsory education has been achieved.     But there have been difficulties for the implementation of the law in rural areas, including the lack of funds and quality teachers and the existence of safety problems for school buildings and management in the countryside.     Hua Jianmin, vice chairman of the NPC Standing Committee, made a report on the implementation of the Law on Labor Contract, which went into effect on Jan. 1, 2008. The top legislature checked the practice of the law from mid-September to mid-October, he said.     According to Hua, the implementation of the new law is good in general as the number of labor contracts signed has witnessed a remarkable rise this year and the rights of transient workers from rural areas have been better protected.     However, the practice of the law has met new problems since October, when the impacts of the current global financial crisis spread and the growth of world economy slowed down, he said.     Hua urged that more efforts should be made to publicize the law, so as to better implement it and give greater attention to the protection of laborers' rights.     At the session, the lawmakers also heard reports on the handling of 462proposals and 6,279 pieces of suggestions, comments and criticisms from NPC deputies during the First Session of the Eleventh NPC in March 2008.     Meanwhile, the meeting heard reports on the amendments of the Law on Earthquake Relief and the Patent Law. The NPC Law Committee suggested that the top legislature approve the two amended laws.     It also heard a report on Wu's recent visit to five African nations and the Commission of the African Union.

BEIJING, Dec. 6 (Xinhua) -- China on Saturday gave further explanation on the proposed reform of fuel tax and pricing in a bid to dispel misunderstanding that a higher consumption tax will mean higher pump prices.     The authorities on Friday released a draft reform plan to solicit public opinions till Dec. 12. It had been long advocated by experts as key for energy saving and economic structure transform.     The plan, scheduled to take effect on Jan. 1, will abolish six fees now charged for road or waterway maintenance and management.     But drivers will pay higher fuel consumption taxes. Gasoline taxes will be raised from 0.2 yuan (about 3 U.S. cents) per liter to 1 yuan and diesel taxes from 0.1 yuan per liter to 0.8 yuan.     The government reiterated its Friday's statement that the pump prices, which include the higher tax, won't be raised and the reform won't increase costs for fuel consumers.     The tax is reflected in the pump prices and isn't an additional increase to the retail prices, said a joint statement by the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Transport and State Administration of Taxation.     The proposed tax is lower than the level in the European Union and also in the neighboring countries and regions, it said.     The draft said China's domestic crude oil prices should be set directly in line with world prices, but the link should be controlled and indirect for refined petroleum prices.     There will be a ceiling on pump prices as part of the plan. The government said it will continue to properly regulate domestic pump prices to prevent the negative impacts of huge fluctuations in the international oil prices on the domestic market.     The reform helps to promote a healthy development of the oil sector and energy saving, and to ensure domestic fuel supply and a stable economic growth, said the statement.     But it said the government will increase subsidies to farmers, taxi drivers, and sectors of fishing, forestry, and public transport.     The reform will be a significant step towards liberalizing retail fuel prices, said researcher Zhou Dadi from the Energy Research Institute of the NDRC.     China has been pushing for fuel tax reform for many years, and the idea of a fuel tax was raised as early as 1994. Both officials and economists said the plunge in global oil price presents a window of opportunity for this reform.     The world crude oil price has plunged almost 70 percent from a peak of 147 U.S. dollars per barrel in mid-July.     Even with oil prices tumbling so much, Chinese drivers are paying much more than those in many other countries because domestic fuel prices have been unchanged since June. Government-set prices are changed only infrequently.     The pump prices are higher than the levels in the United States, but lower than that in some European and Asian nations, said the statement. But it noted this is because of oil resource shortages in the European and Asian countries and their intention to use higher prices to encourage energy saving.

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JAKARTA, Dec. 23 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang met with Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Monday afternoon, calling on the two countries to step up partnership and tackle the international financial crisis.     Li said that the development of cooperation between China and Indonesia, both as important developing countries in the region, serves to the significant purpose to promote peace and stability in the region and the world. Visiting Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (L) meets with Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (R) in Jakarta, Indonesia, Dec. 22, 2008.     Li highlighted the growth momentum of the bilateral cooperation in infrastructure and energy sectors, citing the Suramadu bridge being constructed by the Chinese company in Surabaya as a symbol of the bilateral cooperation.     Li said the two nations share huge potential for cooperation, noting that China will support and encourage the Chinese companies to participate in Indonesia's infrastructure construction, share successful experience on domestic economic development.     Li also called on Indonesia to intensify exchange and dialogue so as to tackle the current international financial crisis. Visiting Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (L1) meets with Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (R1) in Jakarta, Indonesia, Dec. 22, 2008.    Susilo welcomed Li's visit and recognized the rapid development of Indonesia-China relations since the two nations forged strategic partnership in 2005.     He also voiced his appreciation of the success of Beijing Olympic Games, highlighting the sports event as a pride for the Asian people.     The development of China is not only conducive to the Indonesia-China cooperation, but also of great significance to the common prosperity in the region and world as well, he said.     The Indonesian president also expressed his gratitude for China's help in the country's economic development, suggesting that the two countries work closer and boost bilateral cooperation.     The Chinese Vice Premier also addressed a welcoming luncheon hosted by the Indonesian business community on Monday. He told the entrepreneurs from 33 Indonesian provincial districts that the two-way trade is expected to exceed 30 billion U.S. dollars by the end of 2008, an objective previously set to be realized in 2010, and Chinese government is willing to make joint efforts with the Indonesian business community to expand the fields and promote the level of the bilateral cooperation.     

BEIJING, Nov. 2 (Xinhua) -- China's gross domestic product (GDP) growth is expected to slow to 9.4 percent in 2008 from last year's 11.4 percent as the shrinking exports will cool the world's fourth largest economy, according to a Chinese credit rating agency report on Sunday.     The fundamentals of the economy are sound, but falling export orders would take a toll on the national economy in the short term, and domestic consumption needed time to play a bigger role, said the report released by the China Chengxin International Credit Rating Co. (CCXI), a joint venture of China's first rating agency China Chengxin Credit Management Co. Ltd. and U.S.-based Moody's Corporation.     The changing external economic environment and the burst of domestic asset bubbles would exacerbate the slowing economy, said the report.     The proactive fiscal policy was key to preventing the economy from falling and there was room for further cuts in bank reserve requirement ratios and interest rates.     It predicted the economy would gain 8.6 percent in 2009, but it gave no explanation of its forecast.     China's economy grew at 9 percent in the third quarter, the slowest in five years, as the global financial crisis sapped demand for Chinese goods, and domestic industrial production waned in response to weak demand and rising raw material costs.     The government has lowered interest rates three times in the last two months, increased export rebates and cut property transaction taxes to boost domestic consumption.     The report said the world financial crisis would have limited direct impact on the domestic banking system, but it warned Chinese exporters of default risks of foreign buyers.     Insurers and securities companies would be affected as the domestic capital market was growing more connected to the international market.     In September, the Manila-based Asian Development Bank, projected China's GDP growth to fall to 10 percent this year and further ease to 9.5 percent in 2009.     The slow-down was a result of the combined effects of a reduced trade surplus, slower growth in investment, and the global economic downturn, the Asian Development Outlook 2008 Update has said.

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 BEIJING, Jan. 7 (Xinhua) -- China hopes to work with the United States to maintain a healthy and stable relationship which benefits the people of both countries and the world, said Chinese State Councilor Dai Bingguo on Wednesday.     "Sino-U.S. relations are at a crucial point linking the past to the future," Dai told the U.S. Deputy Secretary of State John D. Negroponte, who was here to honor the 30th anniversary of Sino-U.S. relations.     Dai said China and the U.S. shared common interests and consolidated a strategic foundation. This paved the way for further development of the relationship.     He summarized four achievements in Sino-U.S. relations made during the Bush administration.     --The two countries confirmed the relationship as stakeholders and constructive cooperators.     --The two heads of state maintained frequent contacts.     --High-level strategic dialogues were institutionalized to promote mutual trust and cooperation.     --Cooperation in all areas deepened such as major international and regional issues.     "Sino-U.S. relations have made remarkable progress over the past three decades and this linked the two countries closely," Dai said.     Negroponte said both the U.S. and China were important countries in the world and needed more dialogue and cooperation to safeguard global security and stability.     The strategic dialogue and the strategic and economic dialogue were two effective mechanisms and should be continued, he said.

BEIJING, Jan. 25 (Xinhua) -- In December 2008, China's light industry enjoyed an output growth of 8.1 percent year-on-year, which sharply outpaced the 4.7 percent growth of heavy industry.     The latest statistics from the National Bureau of Statistics show that the output of state-owned enterprises suffered a decline. In December, state-owned and state-controlled enterprises witnessed an output drop of 0.6 percent, while that of private enterprises went up 16.3 percent, overseas-funded enterprises was up 0.3 percent.     According to the statistics, in December the country produced 219.9 million tonnes of coal, down 1.3 percent year-on-year; the output of crude oil was 15.7 million tonnes, up 0.4 percent; crude steel fell 10.5 percent to 37.79 million tonnes; and motor vehicles dropped 18.9 percent to 685,700 sets.     In December, China's industrial output grew 5.7 percent, or 0.3percentage points faster than the previous month.

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