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JOHANNESBURG, Dec. 24, (Xinhua) -- Legal ties between China and Africa have taken a major step forward with the conclusion of the First Forum on China-Africa Legal Co-operation in Cairo, Egypt on Monday.     Under the theme "Strengthen China-Africa Legal Exchange and Promote All Round Development of China-Africa Relationship", this forum was the first time lawyers from the China and Africa had met in such circumstances.     Greg Nott, who led the South African delegation, said on his return to Johannesburg on Thursday that he was "terribly excited by this forum and look forward to the implementation of a number of proposals tabled."     These included an exchange and cooperation between Chinese and African legal circles and a legal "think tank" to promote a universal and sustainable development of the China-Africa relationship.     Nott, who is the legal representative of the China-Africa Development Fund as well other China investor clients, said there were a number of other "ambitious and exciting proposals".     These include "the establishment of training and consulting centres as well as training projects for young African lawyers. This goes all hand-in-hand with private sector lawyers driving intellectual and legal support for business activity on both continents."     The forum was convened as the first step towards pragmatic cooperation between Chinese and African legal circles.     It was attended by delegates from Botswana, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia, as well as a strong delegation from the China Law Society.     The agenda included the important role of law in China-Africa cooperation, an introduction to the legal systems of China and African countries and their impact on trade and investment relations.     A number of prominent Egyptian and Chinese lawyers presided over the panels. The lawyers have much work to do because while China has one legal system, the 53 nations which make up Africa each have their own systems. Most are based on either the British legal system, with elements of Roman/Dutch law, or the French legal system.     There is also a strong legacy of Portuguese influence in former colonies. China's civil law system is based on traditional customs and practices, with Soviet and German influence.     Held on Dec. 20 and 21, the forum was hosted at the Cairo Regional Centre for International Commercial Arbitration.     The South African delegation included Rajen Ranchhoojee and Sheng Wu of the Johannesburg legal firm Dewey & LeBoeuf, where Nott is the managing partner.     The legal forum followed shortly after the meeting of foreign ministers at the fourth Forum on Africa China Cooperation, which was held in for Sharm-El-Sheikh, Egypt from Nov. 8 to 9.     At that meeting South African International Relations and Cooperation Minister Maite Nkoana Mashabane said China had played an important role in Africa's renewal. "For instance it has had significant role in peacekeeping in Africa."     She said a major strength of Chinese aid was its orientation to recipient priorities such as infrastructure (telecommunications, energy, roads) and productive sector investments (agriculture).     "Furthermore, Chinese assistance is considered to be relatively predictable assistance because it is disbursed on schedule within the intended financial year."     At that point she said development cooperation between South Africa and China is was regulated by two Agreements, "namely an agreement on Human Resource Development that was signed in 2004 and a February 2007 Agreement on Technical and Economic Cooperation". 

LIMA, Nov. 23 (Xinhua) -- China's top political advisor Jia Qinglin met with the president of Peru's Congress, Luis Alva, here on Monday to discuss bilateral ties.     Jia, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, said China views Peru, one of the first Latin American nations that recognized the People's Republic of China, as a good friend and partner in the region. Luis Alva (R), president of the Congress of Peru, meets with Jia Qinglin, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, in Lima, capital of Peru, Nov. 23, 2009He hailed the stable development of bilateral relations since they forged diplomatic ties 38 years ago, especially the fast and all-round development in the new century.     Jia said China and Peru have set up a strategic partnership, signed a free trade agreement, enhanced political mutual trust and mutually beneficial cooperation and carried out fruitful cultural exchanges. The two countries have also coordinated closely on international and regional issues, he added.     China and Peru are facing the common task of boosting economic growth and improving people's living standards, Jia said, noting that deepening their friendly and mutually beneficial cooperation serves the fundamental interests of both countries. Luis Alva (R), president of the Congress of Peru, meets with Jia Qinglin, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, in Lima, capital of Peru, Nov. 23, 2009Jia proposed that the two countries should further enhance political mutual trust, expand pragmatic cooperation and boost exchanges between political parties, parliaments, local governments, media organizations and non-governmental groups.     He appreciated the efforts by Peruvian legislators in promoting bilateral ties.     The Peruvian Congress passed two bills to express condolences to the Chinese people following the devastating earthquake in southwest China's Sichuan province last year, and it recently passed another bill to extend congratulations on the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, he said.     "All of these demonstrated the deep friendship between China and Peru, and we appreciate that very much," Jia said.     Alva thanked China for its support to Peru and spoke highly of China's contributions to the world, saying the sound, close relationship between the two nations has benefited the two peoples.     Peru hopes to strengthen its cooperation with China in the high-tech sector and welcomes investment by Chinese companies in the country, he said.     Jia arrived here on Sunday for a two-day visit to Peru. Peru is the second leg of his four-nation tour, which will also take him to Ecuador and Brazil. He has already visited the Philippines.

BEIJING, Oct. 29 (Xinhua) -- Equality has become a catchphrase when Chinese lawmakers mull over two major moves in the history of China's legislative progress.     Chinese rural and urban people are about to get equal representation in lawmaking bodies. It means farmers will have the same say in the country's decision-making process as urbanites.     At the five-day legislative session beginning Tuesday, members of national legislature discussed to give rural and urban people equal representation in people's congresses.     A draft amendment to the Electoral Law was tabled at the bimonthly meeting of the National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee. It requires that both rural and urban areas adopt the same ratio of deputies to the people's congresses.     The electoral system is the foot stone of democracy, and the principle of equality is a prerequisite to guarantee people's democratic rights.     The Electoral Law was enacted in 1953 and completely revised in1979. It then underwent four minor amendments.     Senior people are still nostalgic about the bean-counting way of electing their representatives in villages, which was the country's primitive mode of democracy after New China was founded in 1949.     Candidates who stood for election as deputies to a people's congress were elected if they received more than half of the beans.     Later voters began to use ballots.     After the last amendment in 1995, the law stipulates that each rural deputy represents a population four times that in urban areas.     That means in China, every 960,000 rural residents and every 240,000 urbanites are represented by one rural and urban NPC deputy respectively.     Critics say this can be interpreted as "farmers only enjoy a quarter of the suffrage of their urban counterparts."     During previous amendments in the 1980s, the difference was even as great as eight times.     But Li Shishi, director of the Commission for Legislative Affairs of the NPC Standing Committee, said such a provision is "in accordance with the country's political system and social conditions of that time" and is "completely necessary" as the rural population is much more than that of cities and an equal ratio of rural and urban representation will mean an excessive number of rural deputies.     Rural population made up almost 90 percent of the country's total in 1949. With the process of urbanization, the ratio of urban and rural residents was about 45.7 to 54.3 last year.     Li said that with rapid urbanization and rural economic development, the time is right for equal representation, which is conducive to "mobilizing people's enthusiasm and creativity" and the development of democracy.     Zhou Hanhua, a research fellow with the Law Institute under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said the draft amendment is inline with social change, and "from the legal perspective it shows that all rights are equal under the law."     Obviously, the change will be a significant political progress and it is in line with the constitutional spirit that "everyone in the nation is equal."     It also reflects the transition of the country's urban and rural society.     According to the law, the number of deputies to the NPC is limited within 3,000, and the distribution of NPC deputies is decided by the NPC Standing Committee, the top legislature.     The draft amendment says the quotas of NPC deputies are distributed to 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions on the basis of their population, which ensures equal representation among regions and ethnic groups.     Another big issue that lawmakers deliberate at the session this week is to grant "equal compensation" to the victims of traffic, mining and industrial accidents as well as medical negligence, among others, regardless of the victims' identity, status, income and regional disparity.     The proposal is specified in the draft on tort liability, which is deliberated by members of the NPC Standing Committee for the third time.     Farmer victims normally get much less compensation than their urban counterparts. And there are often disputes from "different prices paid to different lives."     At the session, lawmakers consider to set the same compensation for all victims of an accident that results in many deaths.     It will be a significant step if the draft law on tort liability is adopted by the legislature, as it ensures equal rights for each Chinese and shows respect for every human life.

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BEIJING, Nov. 26 (Xinhua) -- China will never swerve from its carbon emission cut target despite all pressure and difficulties, said a senior official Thursday evening. Xie Zhenhua, vice minister in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), China's top economic planner, made the remarks at a press conference.     China's State Council, the Cabinet, announced Thursday that the country is going to reduce the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP in 2020 by 40 to 45 percent compared with the level of 2005.     This is a "voluntary action" taken by the Chinese government "based on our own national conditions" and "is a major contribution to the global effort in tackling climate change," the State Council said.     Vice Foreign Minister He Yafei also attended the press conference. "China made the emission cut target without financial and technological support from developed countries. This is not only for the country's own sustainable development, but also for the benefit of all the mankind," said He.     However, China is still hoping developed countries would take actions as soon as possible, He said, adding that the Bali Road Map has set binding targets and actions on emission cut, investment and technology for developed countries.     China faces huge pressure and special difficulties in controlling greenhouse gas emission, as the country has a large population and relatively low economic development level and is at a critical period to accelerate industrialization and urbanization, Xie said.     "It demands great courage for the government to announce such a target," said Yu Jie, an official in charge of Climate Group's policy and research. The Climate Group is a British-based non-governmental environmental organization.     As a developing country, China still faces various problems in both economic and social development, and it is not easy to make such a commitment, Yu said.     The announcement of China's carbon emission target has broken one of the deadlocks challenging the upcoming Copenhagen summit, she said. It is also an answer to President Hu Jintao's promise at the September United Nations climate summit in New York that China would cut emission intensity by "a notable margin" by 2020 from the 2005 level.     China's target is made after scientific research and calculations, combining the efforts to both tackle climate change and promote social and economic development, said Yao Yufang, professor at the Institute of Quantitative and Technical Economics under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS). "Any party that asks China for higher cut is acting unreasonably."     China can and will achieve the target if the country endeavors to improve energy efficiency, promote the development of renewable energy and optimize industrial structure, Yao said.     "The country has set a specific quantitative target far beyond the Bali Road Map demands for developing countries, which reflects China's sincerity to make the Copenhagen summit successful and its commitment to tackle the climate change," said Pan Jiahua, director of the CASS Research Center for Urban Development and Environment.     Li Gao, an NDRC official and a key climate change negotiator representing the Chinese government, said Tuesday: "We will try to make the summit successful and we will not accept that it ends with an empty and so-called political declaration."

TOKYO, Nov. 19 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi met with Japanese counterpart Katsuya Okada Thursday evening to discuss bilateral ties as well as international and regional issues of common concern.     Yang said after the new government was formed after the Aug. 30general election of Japan, leaders of the two countries have met under many circumstances to reach important consensus on strengthening strategic mutual beneficial relations. The bilateral ties are embracing fresh opportunities of development and a main purpose of his visit is to discuss with the Japanese side how to further improve the relations.     Yang said the two countries should maintain high-level mutual visits and economic dialogues to deepen cooperation. On issues where divergences still remain, the two countries should seek solutions on the basis of dialogue and consultation.     Yang also suggested Japan and China should work to ensure the peace and stability of East Asia, which includes measures to bring Democratic People's Republic of Korea back to six-party talks and denuclearize the Korean Peninsula. They also discussed issues such as climate change.     Okada also believed Japan and China should increase communication in all areas to enhance the mutually beneficial bilateral ties.     Yang also met with Speaker of the House of Representatives Takahiro Yokomichi and President of the House of Councillors Satsuki Eda on Thursday.     Yang told the Speakers of Lower and Upper Houses that the Shanghai Expo, which is to open next May, is a good channel of friendly communication between China and the rest of the world. China appreciated the assistance provided by the Japanese Diet to the preparation of the Expo and will continue to work with Japan to enhance cultural and personnel communication between the two countries.     The Japanese Speakers of the Diet said China and Japan should not only closely cooperate on bilateral issues, but also work together to settle regional, international and global issues. They emphasized communication between the legislation bodies are important and the Japanese Diet will exert every effort to boost bilateral ties. They also said Japan is actively preparing for the participation of Shanghai Expo and believed the Expo will be a success.     Chinese Ambassador to Japan Cui Tiankai was present during the meetings.     Yang's four-day visit to Japan, which started here Thursday, is the first since the country saw a change of government in September.

BEIJING, Nov. 18 (Xinhua) -- U.S. President Barack Obama had a taste of Chinese history on Wednesday by visiting the country's most iconic site, the Great Wall.     "It's magical," Obama said when walking along the Great Wall in chilly winter wind. "It reminds you of the sweep of history and our time here on earth is not that long. We better make the best of it."     Dressed in a dark winter jacket, a smiling Obama broke away from companions and walked alone along the ramp.     "I brought back the admiration for the Chinese civilization, I bring here the greetings of American People," Obama said when ascending a watchtower to enjoy a distant view at the Badaling section of the Great Wall.     Obama is the fifth U.S. president to visit the manmade wonder. Former U.S. President Richard Nixon visited the Great Wall in 1972,Ronald Reagan in 1984 and Bill Clinton in 1998. In 2002, former U.S. President George W. Bush and his wife Laura toured the same section as Obama did.     "I'm inspired by the majesty of the Great Wall and am grateful for the warmth of the Chinese people," Obama wrote on the visitor's book after his half-hour tour.     The Great Wall was the second sightseeing program for Obama during his visit to China. He toured the Imperial Palace Tuesday after nearly two hours of talks with President Hu Jintao.     Built originally as the biggest defense work in ancient China, the Great Wall today has become one of the must-see places for visiting foreign leaders to the country in the past six decades.     The Badaling section, which is in the northwestern suburb of Beijing, runs about 3,741 meters on a mountain of about 700 to 800 meters above sea level, dotted with 19 beacon towers.     The wall at the Badaling section averages seven to eight meters in height, six to seven meters in thickness, with a width of four to five meters on top.     Over the past six decades, more than 450 heads of state and government have visited the Badaling section.     The Great Wall is listed among the UNESCO's World Cultural Heritage sites given its historic status.     Separated sections of the Great Wall were built as early as 2,000 years ago by small kingdoms to defend against raids from nomadic tribes to the north.     When Emperor Qinshihuang, the country's first emperor, united China for the first time in 221 B.C., he ordered the separate sections linked together, forming a complete military defense system.     The Great Wall today was mostly rebuilt during the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644).     With its sections stretching from northeast to west China, the Great Wall now runs 6,700 kilometers long and its section at Badaling is the first part that opens to tourists.

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BEIJING, Nov. 28 (Xinhua) -- China has vowed to maintain its macroeconomic policy stance in 2010 despite worries that its stimulus is likely to risk fueling new bubbles and overcapacity.     A meeting of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee agreed Friday that the country will continue the proactive fiscal policy and moderately easy monetary policy next year.     "It is a must for the country to stick to the pro-growth policy stance," said Zhang Liqun, a researcher with the Development Research Center of the State Council, one of China's top think tanks.     "A guarantee to the 8-percent growth target this year does not mean the national economy has been on an independent and stable developing track," Zhang said.     Many uncertainties, both at home and abroad, still weighed on China's economy and it was quite necessary for the government to maintain its policy stance, said Feng Fei, a senior researcher at the Development Research Center of the State Council.     China's economic growth has approached its pre-crisis level a year after the adoption of the 4-trillion-yuan (585.6 billion U.S. dollars) economic stimulus package.     The country's economy grew 8.9 percent year on year in the third quarter this year, accelerating from 7.9 percent in the second quarter and 6.1 percent in the first quarter. In the third quarter last year, it increased 9 percent year on year.     However, the country's strategy has raised concern that loose money could inflate prices of stocks and housing, build up unneeded factories and saddle the economy with bad debts.     Although the current stimulus package had side effects, it was not the time for retreat, said Zhuang Jian, a senior economist with the Asian Development Bank.     The government should be aware of the hidden trauma in economic growth and be ready at all time for popping-up problems by improving the policy flexibility, he said.     It was important to enhance the flexibility and focus of macro regulation, considering the inflationary expectations, assets bubble risk and rapidly changing economic situation, Feng said.     The Political Bureau vowed to enhance the focus and flexibility of economic policy in the following year according to new situations. It would also further implement and enrich the economic stimulus package to make the economy grow in a more stable, balanced and sustainable way.     Bureau members agreed the government would maintain continuity and stability in its macroeconomic policies, according to a statement released after the meeting.     The barely-changed wording in the statement of the meeting, convened ahead of the annual Central Economic Work Conference, would set the tone for next year's economic work, said Wang Tongsan, a senior researcher with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.     He noted that the "five highlights" in the statement would be mid- and long-term strategy for economic and social development in China, which would enable the country to grab the opportunity during the crisis.     The country would step up efforts to improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth, to promote the transformation of the economic development pattern and structural adjustments and to promote innovation and reform and opening up to enhance the vigor and momentum of economic growth, the statement said.     It also urged more efforts to improve people's livelihood and maintain social stability, and to coordinate the domestic and international situation.

VICTORIA, Seychelles, Nov. 21 (Xinhua) -- Zhou Yongkang, a senior official of the Communist Party of China (CPC), has met leaders of the Seychelles on bilateral relations. Zhou, a member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau, was welcomed Thursday evening at the airport by the general secretary of the People's Party of the Seychelles, Danny Faure, who is also finance minister. Zhou Yongkang, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, meets with Seychellois Vice President Joseph Belmont in Victoria, capital of Seychelles, Nov. 20, 2009    During their meeting, Zhou said the CPC and the People's Party have maintained close and friendly cooperation since the two parties forged ties in 1979 and played positive roles in promoting the relations between the two countries and the friendship between the two peoples. Zhou Yongkang, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, meets with Danny Faure, general secretary of the People's Party of the Seychelles, in Victoria, capital of Seychelles, Nov. 19, 2009. The CPC is willing to enhance exchanges and cooperation with the People's Party of the Seychelles to further strengthen the political basis of the bilateral relationship, said the senior CPC official.     The CPC and the Chinese government are also willing to boost cooperation with African countries, including the Seychelles, in meeting the challenges of the international financial crisis, said Zhou.     Faure said China has always treated the Seychelles, a small country, on an equal footing, adding that the two nations, the two peoples and the ruling parties of both countries have maintained friendly relations, which could be regarded as a model for relations between big and small countries.     The People's Party hopes to promote exchanges with the CPC on the experience of governance, said Faure.     When meeting with Vice President Joseph Belmont on Friday, Zhou said the relations between China and the Seychelles have witnessed a sustained healthy and steady development since the two countries established diplomatic ties 33 years ago.     With the smooth implementation of China's eight measures regarding cooperation with Africa, proposed by Chinese President Hu Jintao in 2006, China and the Seychelles have seen increased exchanges of high-level visits, deepened traditional friendship and expanded cooperation, Zhou said.     The Chinese government announced eight new measures to enhance cooperation with Africa earlier this month, and China is willing to jointly implement these measures with the Seychelles so as to bring more benefits to the Africans, including the Seychelles people, he said.     The senior CPC official also expressed appreciation for the support of the People's Party and the Seychelles government on the Taiwan and human rights issues.     Belmont said the Seychelles people have benefited extensively from China-Africa cooperation, adding that the Seychelles welcomed China's new measures on its cooperation with Africa and would implement them in a timely manner.     While expressing the hope for enhanced cooperation in tourism, the Seychelles vice president also expected more investment from Chinese companies in the country's tourism sector.     Zhou arrived here Thursday for a technical stopover after concluding visits to Sudan and South Africa.

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NEW YORK, Jan. 7 (Xinhua) -- Stopping importing from China may result in an increase in the U.S. trade imbalance, chief economist of the World Bank Justin Yifu Lin said during a speech here on Thursday.     Addressing the audience at a forum about the forecast and views of Chinese economy held at the New York Stock Exchange, Lin said the imbalance between the United States and China actually "reflects some kind of specialization due to the state of development."     The type of products that China exported to the United States are labor-intensive living necessities that the United States will never produce anymore and has no competitive advantages, Lin said. Chief economist of the World Bank Justin Yifu Lin delivers a speech at a forum about the forecast and views of Chinese economy held at the New York Stock Exchange in New York, the U.S., Jan. 7, 2009. He said stopping importing from China may result in an increase in the U.S. trade imbalance    "If China will not export those type of labor-intensive products, U.S. will have to import from other middle income or lower income countries," he added. "And very likely, the cost of importing from other countries will be higher."     Lin said U.S. companies always have a free choice to import from China or other countries, and they currently choose China is because the cost is lower.     "If U.S. has to switch the source of the import from another country, (U.S.) people will have to pay for them no matter how high the price is because that is a definite necessity," Lin said," that means most likely the trade imbalance in U.S. may increase."

BEIJING, Nov. 13 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said here Friday that China is committed to fully tackling climate change and pledged contribution to the international cooperation in this regard.     Wen made the remarks while meeting with the foreign representatives who attended the 9th annual conference of China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development (CCICED). Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) shakes hands with Margaret Biggs, president of the Canadian International Development Agency, in Beijing, Nov. 13, 2009. Wen Jiabao met with the foreign representatives who attended the 9th annual conference of China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development (CCICED) on Friday.While tackling the global financial crisis, the Chinese government has never relaxed its requirements for energy conservation, emissions reduction and environmental protection, and is striving to seek new economic growth opportunities in environmental protection and eco construction fields, said Wen.     Wen said China will integrate actions on climate change and carbon dioxide emission cut into its economic and social development plan and take legal, economic and technological measures to fully advance its work in fighting the climate change. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) talks with Margaret Biggs, president of the Canadian International Development Agency, in Beijing, Nov. 13, 2009. Wen Jiabao met with the foreign representatives who attended the 9th annual conference of China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development (CCICED) on Friday. China will participate actively in the upcoming UN climate change conference in Copenhagen and make contribution to the international cooperation in the climate change issue, Wen said.     CCICED, established in 1992, is an environment consulting organization composed of officials and experts from home and abroad to provide policy advice to the Chinese government.