中国人文研究的再出发

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BEIJING, May 1 (Xinhua) -- On the occasion of the International Labor Day on Friday, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao visited workers at a metro construction site in Beijing, extending festival greetings and encouraging them to "strengthen confidence to overcome difficulties brought about by the financial crisis and the influenza epidemic."     Wen told the workers that this year is a very difficult one for China as the country is hit hard by a global financial crisis. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd L) talks with workers as he visits a construction site of Beijing subway in Beijing, capital of China, May 1, 2009. Wen expressed his best regards to the workers here.He added the recent outbreak of H1N1 influenza epidemic (swine flu) in some countries has affected China's economic and social development.     The premier said any difficulty can be overcome as long as people have firm confidence and there is strong leadership of the Chinese Communist Party and the government. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd R) trims vegetables with a canteen worker as he visits a construction site of Beijing subway in Beijing, capital of China, May 1, 2009. Wen expressed his best regards to the workers hereArriving at the construction site of the metro route No.9 along the capital's southern fourth-ring road, Wen wished workers festival happiness and encouraged them to "care and help each other like brothers." Part of the north-south metro line is due to open within this year.     "How long have you been in Beijing?" Wen asked one of the migrant workers.     "Ten years," the worker replied.     "Then you've already a Beijinger," Wen said.     While visiting the construction site, Wen asked detailed questions about the metro construction progress.     "Have your family come to Beijing for the festival?" the premier asked a worker Hui Youquan who was busy setting up a reinforcing steel and spar frame on top of the metro station.     Hui said his family is still at hometown.     Wen told the workers Beijing citizens would be grateful to them for the comfortable subway. He also worked with workers on the spar frame.     He said migrant workers have made great contribution to the country's industrialization and urbanization.     "You have already become a main force of China's working class," Wen said, extending his "gratitude and respect."     The premier said the Party and government have adopted a series of measures to improve migrant workers' working and living conditions, including strengthening their training, establishing a comprehensive social security system and paying great attention to their work safety.     A comprehensive mechanism covering work injury, medical care and pension are being established, he said, adding that safety monitoring devices have been installed on construction sites.     While helping some female workers to trim vegetables, Wen inquired about their working and living conditions.     Entering a canteen, he asked chefs to pay attention to food hygiene and ensure workers to have tasty meals.     Wen felt satisfied when he learned that workers could watch television, read newspapers and magazines and even practise handwriting in their spare time

BEIJING, June 24 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government's fiscal revenue in the first five months of 2009 reached 2.7 trillion yuan (400 billion U.S. dollars), down 6.7 percent from the same period of last year, Finance Minister Xie Xuren said Wednesday.     Xie revealed the figure in a report to the ninth session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC), China's top legislature.     Of the total, the central government collected about 1.4 trillion yuan, down 14 percent. This accounted for 39.6 percent of the annual budget.     Local governments collected the other 1.3 trillion yuan, up 2.9 percent, which accounted for 42.4 percent of the annual budget.     Xie cited four factors for the drop in fiscal revenues: a fall in international trade due to the global economic downturn; a fall in revenue value relative to the consumer price index and producer price index; structural tax reduction polices and a slowdown in China's economic growth.     Structural tax reduction policies reduced taxes by about 230 billion yuan in the first five months, according to the report.     He said in the first five months, fiscal expenditure nationwide amounted to almost 2.25 trillion yuan, up 27.8 percent over the same period last year, accounting for 29.5 percent of the budgeted figure.     Central government expenditure totaled 459.3 billion yuan, up 21.4 percent, while local governments spent 1.79 trillion yuan, up29.5 percent, he said.     The funding went mainly to expanding public investment, increasing subsidies for low-income groups, ensuring sufficient money for education, health, social security, employment, basic housing and culture, and supporting technological innovation, energy conservation and emission reduction.     Xie stressed that the government would continue to ensure the stable growth of investment and actively implement structural tax reduction policies to ease the burden on business and consumers. Doing so would encourage companies to invest and individuals to consume.     "Efforts should be made to boost revenues and cut spending," he said, calling for frugality and strict control of expenditures by reducing government vehicle purchases, reception fees and official travel.     He said: "The construction of government and Party committee buildings should be rigidly limited."     The government would promote the scientific and meticulous management of public finances, boost efficiency and deepen fiscal system reform, he said, adding that resource tax reform would be advanced and the consumption tax system would be adjusted.     Xie said the outstanding national debt reached 5.3 trillion yuan at the end of last year, which was within the 5.5-trillion-yuan limit in the annual budget.     The government's fiscal revenue reached about 6.13 trillion yuan last year, 19.5 percent more than in 2007.     Xie said the central fund for reconstruction from last year's May 12 earthquake reached 74 billion yuan and expenditures were 69.77 billion yuan last year.     This year, the central budget allocated 130 billion yuan for reconstruction work. 

HONG KONG, June 30 (Xinhua) -- The renminbi deposits with authorized institutions in Hong Kong rose 0.8 percent in May to 53. 4 billion yuan (7.8 billion U.S. dollars), representing about 2 percent of the foreign currency deposits, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority said Tuesday.     The total deposits rose 2 percent in the same month, with the HK dollar deposits rising 2.7 percent as the expansion in demand and savings deposits exceeded the contraction in time deposits.     Foreign currency deposits climbed 1.4 percent.     Seasonally-adjusted HK dollar M1, the narrowest measure of money supply in an economy, rose 9.6 percent in May and 26.8 percent from a year earlier. Unadjusted HK dollar M3, the broader measure, grew 2.5 percent in May and 8.1 percent year on year.     Hong Kong, a southern Chinese special administrative region and free trade hub, has been trying to foster the development of RMB financial market recently with a pilot scheme using yuan for cross- border trade settlement and the issuing of yuan-denominatedbonds in Hong Kong by local and foreign banks operating in the mainland.

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VIENNA, June 17 (Xinhua) -- The Head of the Chinese delegation and Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations Office in Vienna, Tang Guoqiang, stressed on Wednesday on behalf of the Chinese government that the nuclear issues of Korea and Iran should be solved in a peaceful way through diplomatic talks.     In a speech at the board meeting of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on Wednesday, Tang pointed out with regard to the Korean nuclear issue that the Chinese government "firmly opposes" another nuclear test by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), and requires the DPRK to "stick to the denuclearization commitments, stop relevant actions that may further deteriorate the situation, and return to the six-party talks."     However, Tang also pointed out that "the sovereignty, territorial integrity, reasonable security concerns and development benefits of the DPRK, a sovereign state, and a member state of the U.N., should receive due respect. The DPRK should have the right to peaceful use of nuclear energy after it returns to the treaty on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)."     He also stressed that political and diplomatic means is the"only right way"to solve the relevant issues on the Korean Peninsular including the nuclear issue.     Therefore, he called on relevant parties to "focus on long-term benefits and maintain calm and restraint so as to avoid any action that could lead to further tension." A peaceful solution to the Korean nuclear issue "accords with the common benefit of all the parties,"Tang said.     He pointed out when discussing the Iranian nuclear issue that there is currently new opportunity to promote a solution through negotiations, so relevant parties should "seize the opportunity and step up diplomatic efforts, so as to resume talks as soon as possible and seek a comprehensive and long-term solution to the Iranian nuclear issue."     Iran, as a party to the NPT, enjoys the right to the peaceful use of nuclear energy, but should also fulfill corresponding international obligations he said.     China is concerned that Iran has not suspended uranium enrichment as requested by the U.N. Security Council and hopes Iran will take measures to "comprehensively fulfill the relevant resolutions of the IAEA and the Security Council," Tang said.     He also stressed that China adheres to "the international nuclear non-proliferation system, and the Korean and Iranian nuclear issues must be solved through negotiations.     China will "work with all the parties" and make further efforts to solve relevant issues by diplomatic means "based on the overall situation of maintaining the nuclear non-proliferation system as well as regional peace and stability," Tang said.

UNITED NATIONS, May 4 (Xinhua) -- China on Monday called on the international community to continue to push forward the nuclear disarmament process.     Cheng Jingye, director-general of arms control and disarmament department of the Chinese foreign ministry, made the appeal here at the third session of the Preparatory Committee for the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.     Complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons for the establishment of a world free of nuclear weapons is not only the shared aspiration of the international community, but also the goal that China has advocated and worked for over the years, Cheng said.     "China believes that nuclear disarmament should be a fair and reasonable process of gradual reductions towards a downward balance," he said.     Cheng urged nuclear-weapon states to commit themselves unequivocally to complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons, and negotiate and conclude an international legal instrument at an early date.     Pending achievement of the above-mentioned goal, nuclear-weapon states should reduce the role of nuclear weapons in their national security policies, he said. They should undertake unequivocally not to be the first to use nuclear weapons, and conclude an international legal instrument on not to use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or nuclear-weapons-free zones.     As states with largest nuclear arsenals, the United States and Russia bear special and primary responsibilities, he said. They should continue to drastically cut their nuclear arsenals, which is indispensable for advancing the nuclear disarmament process and realizing the ultimate goal of complete and thorough nuclear disarmament.     China welcomes the agreement of the United States and Russia to start negotiations on a new bilateral nuclear disarmament treaty, and hopes that the two countries will further reduce their nuclear arsenals in a verifiable and irreversible manner, Cheng said.

URUMQI, July 18 (Xinhua) -- Nearly two weeks after the July 5 riot in Urumqi of northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, social order and people's lives are returning to normal. Yet in retrospect, a mass of evidences show that the unrest was a well-planned violent criminal incident of terrorist nature.     FEINT BEFORE VIOLENCE     Investigations by reporters reveal a salient feature of the riot, that is the perpetrators adopted the tactic of mass rally and making trouble in the open, which attracted people's attention and police force, while committing beating, smashing, robbery and arsons in other places.     At about 6:00 p.m. July 5, some persons gathered in the People's Square, continuously making phone calls and sending text messages. Some people were shouting slogans to attract passersby. The crowd grew larger and larger.     According to the local police department, about 1,500 policemen were sent to the place to maintain order and disperse the crowd.     At about 8:00 p.m., the police were told that a group of thugs were beating innocent people, smashing cars and buses, and burning police cars at Er Dao Qiao in a southern area of the city.     Xinhua reporters at the area spotted the body of a victim under a bridge, people fleeing in all directions, shops closing, mobsters smashing and setting fire as they walked along, more and more shops, automobiles and public facilities got destroyed and people got hurt.     At the same time, people gathered in the People's Square began to walk to the south.     According to two officials from the local committee of ethnics and religions who walked after these people, at the Longquan Street intersection, someone jumped out of the crowd and began to instigate people to join and follow them. The Longquan Street is a major passage leading to the Er Dao Qiao area.     At about 8:40 p.m., the crowd reached the Tianchi Road - close to the Er Dao Qiao area -- and were joined by about 200 people with clubs.     The two officials said that as fewer than 20 policemen lined up across the street to stop the crowd, someone in the crowd commanded the crowd to dash through the police line. A policeman was beat down and the crowd continued to move south with more violent behaviors.     According to the policemen who were at the scene, the crowd walked as long as several kilometers and more people joined in when the violent situation was worsening.     SUDDEN ERUPTION ALL OVER     According to the local public security department, at about 9:00 p.m., the department received reports that thugs were making violence in more than 50 places in the city, attacking passersby, cars, shops, resident buildings, police and government offices.     The city's first aid center said they received numerous SOS calls starting from 8:23 p.m., resulting in the breakdown of the telephone switching system.     According to the center, from the night of July 5 to the next morning, it sent out ambulances for 737 times to give medical support to about 900 injured people.     A young woman told Xinhua that she was in a bus when the thugs started the violence. "There were also thugs in the bus. It was like they colluded over the whole thing and just waited in the bus for the time to come."     The girl said that she was beat "powerfully" in the head while trying to get off the bus after the driver opened the door. She was later sent to hospital for treatment.     "If there were no plan or organizing in advance, how could so many people appear in more than 50 places at the same time with the same violent behaviors?" an expert on public security told Xinhua.

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BEIJING, July 4 (Xinhua) -- China did not lose its advantages in foreign trade despite global downturn and could retain foreign trade level above the global average once global economy recovered, a senior Chinese official said Saturday.     Yi Xiaozhun, vice commerce minister, was speaking at the Global Think Tank Summit that ended Saturday in Beijing.     Though China's foreign trade would not rise sharply as it did in the past few years, the country did not lose its foreign trade advantages thanks to policies to stimulate domestic demands, Yi said.     He said China had been diversifying foreign trade and reported increased trade with countries in Africa, Middle East, middle Asia and Latin America.     Yi also called for halt on protectionism, saying that protectionism had been picking up and about 40 percent of anti-dumping cases and 70 percent of anti-subsidy cases targeted China.     He called for pushing forward the Doha round negotiation, which he believed was key in fighting against protectionism.

MOSCOW, May 29 (Xinhua) -- Russian President Dmitry Medvedev said on Friday that he is looking forward to meeting with Chinese President Hu Jintao next month during the Chinese leader's trip to Russia.     Medvedev, who met with Chinese State Councilor Dai Bingguo on Friday, said he and Hu will exchange views on major international and regional issues of common concern during their June meeting. Russian President Dmitry Medvedev (L, front) shakes hands with Chinese State Councilor Dai Bingguo (R) while meeting with security representatives of the BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China) in Moscow, Russia, May 29, 2009In addition to meeting with Medvedev, Hu also is scheduled to participate in summits of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China) in Yekaterinburg.     Meanwhile, Medvedev said Russia-China relations enjoy sound momentum and that Russia is satisfied with the current state of bilateral ties between the two countries.     Dai, for his part, said Hu's state visit to Russia and attendance at the summits will be of great significance.     China, Dai said, is willing to work with Russia to take their strategic partnership to a higher level.

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WASHINGTON, April 25 (Xinhua) -- Zhou Xiaochuan, governor of the People's Bank of China, said on Saturday that positive changes have taken place in the Chinese economy, whose overall performance is better than expected.     "Facing the impact of the financial crisis, the Chinese government has promptly introduced a policy package to expand domestic demand and maintain financial stability, striving to respond to the impact of the financial crisis," said Zhou at the International Monetary and Financial Committee (IMFC) meeting held here on Saturday. Chinese Central Bank Governor Zhou Xiaochuan attends a meeting of the International Monetary and Financial Committee (IMFC) in Washington April 25, 2009. "Positive changes have appeared in the operation of the national economy, and overall performance is better than expected," said the Chinese central bank governor.     The slowdown in GDP growth has been contained, with GDP growth in the first quarter of 2009 reaching 6.1 percent, while the growth rate in industrial production has also rebounded, with industrial added value growing 5.1 percent over the same period last year, said Zhou, adding that "there are signs of gradual stabilization."     Meanwhile, Zhou warned that the Chinese economy is still facing challenges. "It should be recognized that the rebound in China's economy remains to be consolidated," he said.     "The internal and external environments are still challenging, external demand continues to shrink, the decline in export volume is relatively large, some industries have excess capacity, government revenue is falling, and employment pressures continue," he noted.     The Chinese government will continue its implementation of an aggressive fiscal policy and a moderately accommodative monetary policy, and implement the package plan in response to the crisis, said Zhou.     He stressed that the long-term economic development trend in China has not changed.     "As macroeconomic policies gradually take effect, China's economy has the conditions for maintaining relatively rapid development," he said

BEIJING, July 19 (Xinhua) -- Scholars and officials from other countries have strongly denounced the July 5 riot in Urumqi, capital of China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and expressed their