乡镇调解工作小结及明年工作规划

浅谈林业会计监督及其对策

DAKAR, Feb. 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao will pay a state visit to Senegal on Feb. 13-14, during which the two countries will sign new agreements on economic and technical cooperation, the Chinese ambassador in the West African country announced here on Thursday.     At the invitation of his Senegalese counterpart Abdoulaye Wade, President Hu will make the visit to further enhance the friendly ties between the two countries since diplomatic relations were resumed in October 2005, Chinese Ambassador Lu Shaye told a press conference.     The visit is part of the Chinese president's five-nation trip on Feb. 10-17, which will also take him to Saudi Arabia, Mali, Tanzania and Mauritius.     The Chinese Foreign Ministry said on Tuesday that Hu's visit is aimed at further consolidating China's friendship and cooperation with these countries, strengthening China's cooperation with the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, and promoting the implementation of the measures announced at the 2006 Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation.

WUXI, Jiangsu, March 28 (Xinhua) -- China's top political advisor has urged the country to press forward the government's stimulus plans and spare no efforts to achieve the 2009 economic and social development targets.     All sides in China should combine their strength to boost growth, guarantee people's well being and maintain social stability amid the downturn, said Jia Qinglin, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), during a research tour to Wuxi city of eastern China's Jiangsu Province over the weekend.     China aims at an annual economic growth of about 8 percent this year after the global financial crisis slowed the 2008 growth to a seven-year low of 9 percent. Jia Qinglin (C front), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, investigates Hynix-Numonyx Semiconductor Ltd. in Wuxi, east China's Jiangsu Province, March 28, 2009. Jia Qinglin, together with Chinese Vice Premier Hui Liangyu, who is also a member of the Political Bureau of CPC Central Committee, made an investigation tour in Wuxi from March 27 through 28    Jia reaffirmed that the fundamentals of China's economy and its long-term upward direction has not changed, though 2009 will be "the most difficult year" for the country's economy since the beginning of the 21st century.     He told local authorities and entrepreneurs to vigorously develop advanced manufacturing, modern service sector and high-tech industries.     Measures should be taken to speed up industrial upgrading, explore international markets and introduce more overseas high-level talents, said Jia.     He underscored the urgency of creating more jobs and improving social welfare. He also called for more government investment to rural areas to support agriculture and raise farmers' income. Jia Qinglin (2nd L, front), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, investigates the Yangshan peach orchard in Wuxi, east China's Jiangsu Province, March 28, 2009

BEIJING, March 24 (Xinhua) -- Former Vice-Chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress Raidi has said the democratic reform to abolish serfdom in Tibet was the people's own historical choice.     Raidi, a 71-year-old Tibetan who was once vice secretary of Tibet Autonomous Region's Party Committee, made the remark during an exclusive interview with Xinhua on Tuesday. People of the Tibetan ethnic group hold a celebration for the upcoming Serfs Emancipation Day, at Jiaba Village of Nedong County, southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region, March 23, 2009. "The ** Lama clique's attempt to split the country and restore the serfdom did not, does not and will never succeed," Raidi said, adding that the Tibetan people could never enjoy human rights, freedom and democracy in a society under serfdom system.     He stressed that the Serfs Emancipation Day which falls on March 28 is an event and celebration with extraordinary meanings for Tibetan people. The reform half a century ago was a milestone which distinguishes the new Tibet with the old one and also a milestone in the world's history to abolish slavery. A resident of the Tibetan ethnic group dances in a celebration party for the upcoming Serfs Emancipation Day, at Jiaba Village of Nedong County, southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region, March 23, 2009The ** Lama has pretended to be a pure religious figures in the past 50 years of exile but he had attacked the Party and central government and stirred unrest in Tibet by playing with outside forces, Raidi said.     To achieve their goals, the ** clique had spread all sorts of lies to beautify the region's former theocracy. On the other hand, they claimed the alleged "middle way" and "meaningful autonomy" to divert people's attention to their real intention to seek independence, he added.     "Recall the past 50 years of development in Tibet, I feel that Tibet could have a bright future and prosperity only under the leadership of Communist Party of China and in the family of socialist motherland," Raidi said.

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BEIJING, Feb. 9 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang said Monday that employment and people's livelihood should be guaranteed.     Li, also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, made the remarks when visiting the southern Guangdong Province, a major base for export-oriented manufacturers that had provided jobs for many migrant workers.     Li highlighted the importance of providing stable job opportunities, asking local governments to make every effort to support steady production of manufacturers and thus ensure employment.     Professional training and employment guidance should be given to job seekers, especially migrant workers, to help them maintain their incomes, said Li.     He also urged local authorities to strengthen support to enterprises and help them develop new markets and upgrade their technology.Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (2nd L, front), who is also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, visits Yantian Port in Shenzhen, south China's Guangdong Province, Feb. 7, 2009. Li Keqiang paid a visit to Guangdong Province from Feb. 6 through 9.

BEIJING, Feb. 27 (Xinhua) -- China lodged another stern representation to Japan on Friday over Japanese Foreign Minister Hirofumi Nakasone's remarks that the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between Japan and United States is applicable to the Diaoyu Islands.     According to the reports by the Taiwan-based Broadcasting Corporation of China (BCC), an official of the U.S. State Department, familiar with East Asian affairs, said at a press conference in Washington on Friday that the Diaoyu Islands were always under Japan's administrative jurisdiction and the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between Japan and United States was applicable to them.     Japanese Foreign Minister Hirofumi Nakasone echoed the U.S. official's remarks afterwards.     Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Ma Zhaoxu rejected Nakasone's remarks later in a press release, saying the Japan-U.S. Mutual Cooperation and Security Treaty should not harm the interests of third parties, including China.     "Any words and deeds that bring the Diaoyu Islands into the scope of the Japan-U.S. Mutual Cooperation and Security Treaty are absolutely unacceptable for the Chinese people," he said.     Ma stressed again that the Diaoyu Islands and adjacent islets had been Chinese territories since ancient times and China held "indisputable" sovereignty over the islands.     "We have lodged stern representations to Japan again and required the United States to clarify reports on the issue," he said.     He also urged the two countries to realize the great sensitivity of the Diaoyu Islands issue and proceed with discretion in word and deed, so as to avoid damage to the general interests of China-Japan and China-U.S. relations and regional stability.

BEIJING, Feb. 21 (Xinhua) -- All unemployed urban residents in China will have access to medical insurance this year as the country plans to expand the coverage of an insurance scheme to all cities and towns, according to a government official Saturday.     Li Zhong, vice director of Health Insurance Department under the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said at a forum that the program, which has benefited residents in more than 300 cities as of 2008, is expected to be promoted to all cities and towns this year.     The program, introduced in 2007, aimed to bring urban children, students and jobless adults under the umbrella of medical insurance.     China established a medical insurance system for urban employees in 1998 and implemented a new cooperative medical care system for rural residents since 2003.     If the program is successfully implemented, it means all Chinese residents can have access to medical insurance.     Under the program, the premiums are paid by households, instead of individuals. The government gives each participant a subsidy of at least 40 yuan annually, and grants extra subsidies for low-income families and disabled ones.     Residents have to pay a share of premium in the program and their participation is based on their free will. Urban residents with only temporary jobs could also participate in the program.     Li said the program will gradually increase its reimbursement rate and include more common diseases for compensation. The program currently mainly covers expenses of residents for hospitalization and major illness.     There are more than 240 million unemployed urban residents in China. Among them, more than 100 million have joined the program so far.

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BEIJING, April 11 (Xinhua) -- Credit extended by China's banks in the first quarter hit 4.58 trillion yuan (670 billion U.S. dollars), the People's Bank of China (PBOC) said Saturday.     In March alone, new yuan-denominated loans increased 1.89 trillion yuan. It was the third straight month that new loans exceeded 1 trillion yuan.     "It is not beyond market expectations. The increase was boosted by the 4-trillion-yuan stimulus plan and showed the possibility of a faster economic recovery in China compared with other countries," said Zhang Qizuo, vice director of China International Economy Society.     Premier Wen Jiabao said on March 5 at the opening of the annual session of the National People's Congress, China's legislature, that new yuan-denominated loans this year were expected to reach 5 trillion yuan.     Historical data show the first-quarter bank credit usually accounts for more than 60 percent of the year's total.     "There is a time lag between the credit increase and actual use of capital, but the big increase will surely lay a solid foundation for the recovery of the real economy," said Zhang.     In the first quarter, the central bank withdrew 47.3 billion yuan from circulation, 78.5 billion yuan more than the same period of last year.     "The increase in currency withdrawal from circulation showed the central bank was carefully watching the credit growth," said Yuan Gangming, an economist with Tsinghua University.     Zhuang Jian, an economist at the Asian Development Bank, said the regulators should pay attention to the quality of new loans and prevent bad loans.     By the end of February, non-performing loans by Chinese banks totaled 1.53 trillion yuan, 17.5 billion yuan less than the start of the year.     The structure of credit growth was also improving. The proportion of bill financing fell to about 22 percent in March from 47 percent in February, though still much higher than the average of 5 percent.     "The decline in bill financing is a good sign. It means company activities are increasing and the credit's impact on the economy is strengthening," said Zhuang.     Through March, the M2 figure -- a broad measure of money supply,which covers cash in circulation and all deposits -- grew 25.5 percent from a year earlier to 53.06 trillion yuan.     The narrow measure of money supply, M1 (cash in circulation pluscorporate current deposits), was up 17.04 percent year on year to 17.65 trillion yuan.     "The fast rebound of M2 indicates China's liquidity is abundant. This is very important to the economic recovery. The sharp rise of M1 shows companies are increasing spending on investment and management." said Zhang Bin, an economist with Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

BOAO, Hainan, April 19 (Xinhua) -- Chinese officials and entrepreneurs said Sunday that China should have bigger say in setting commodity prices, as oil and iron ore prices saw roller-coaster-like fluctuations in the past two years.     The drastic price changes are not reflecting real demand, but are propped up by financial speculators, said the senior executives of China's top energy enterprises at the Boao Forum for Asia (BFA) annual conference 2009, which concluded Sunday in the island resort of Boao in south China's Hainan Province.     They said commodity prices should be pulled back to normal track to reflect real demand, otherwise the inflation woe will come back and make business expansion unsustainable.     PRICE AND REAL DEMAND     "Although we are the biggest commodity buyer in the world, our role in the price setting is limited," said Zhang Xiaoqiang, vice minister of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), China's economic planning agency.     China's steel makers have fallen into a prolonged bargain with the world's major iron ore producers, demanding a sharper price cut than the 20 percent-off deal plan offered by the Rio Tinto of Australia, as the world's No.1 iron ore importer has less demand amid the economic slowdown.     Iron ore prices increased five fold in the five years before 2008.     Xu Lejiang, boss of the Baosteel Group Corporation, China's largest steel maker, said at the forum that nothing is more important than the normalization of iron ore pricing, without elaborating how much more price cut he wants.     The continuously rising iron ore prices partly reflected demand, but that's not the whole picture, said Xu.     The prices tumbled by more than two thirds from a peak of 187 U.S. dollars per tonne last year. Speculative trading on iron ore shipping index helped fan the volatility, since shipping costs comprise a large share of the iron ore prices.     The Baltic Dry Index (BDI), a main gauge of international shipping activities, has plummeted from a peak of 11,000 points to above 600 points, which is certainly what people are reluctant to see, Xu said.     His view was echoed by Fu Chengyu, chief executive officer of the China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC), the largest offshore oil producer in China. He said the prices are bound to fall after irrational rise.     He said the loose monetary policy in the United States should be blamed for the skyrocketing oil prices last year.     "If no measures were taken, the world would see another round of inflation after we weather through the crisis," he said.     He noted the pre-emptive measures should be put into place to avoid that, otherwise the next headache for the G20 leaders will be how to fight inflation.     "We should prepare for tomorrow," Fu said.     Zhang Xiaoqiang said international collaboration is essential to enhance the oversight of the financial speculation.     ACTION BEFORE CRISIS     The volatile external conditions forced many Chinese energy enterprises to seek their own way to offset the negative impacts of price fluctuations.     Cost saving has always been important to CNOOC, said Fu. "We have cut the cost to 19.78 U.S. dollars per barrel, and that has allowed us to get through with ease when prices fall."     "We step up investment with the current cheap prices, and that will help us flourish after the crisis," Fu said.     To offset the negative impacts of price changes, many Chinese enterprises have been engaged in hedge trading and other derivative products investment, but many failed with mounting losses.     "CNOOC has lost nothing, since we use hedge trading to preserve value, rather than make money," he said.     "Hedge trading is not speculation," said Fu who has 30 years of experience in the oil industry.     Fu called on Asian countries to negotiate with the world's major crude oil suppliers, as Asian nations have to pay 1 to 2 U. S. dollars more per barrel than other buyers.     Zhang Xiaoqiang noted China will continue to liberalize domestic prices of energy products and resources, saying the recent reform of refined oil prices is a good start.     "We should beef up our commodity reserve to ensure plenty supply in order to offset the negative impacts of big price changes," Zhang said.     As the Chinese government has announced plans to build the second batch of national oil reserve bases, enterprises can try to have their commercial energy reserves in the future.

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BEIJING, April 14 (Xinhua) -- Chinese cities saw the fastest economic growth among all cities internationally, in 2008, but their overall competitiveness was still only at medium or low levels globally, according to a report released here Tuesday.     The report, entitled the Blue Book of Urban Competitiveness, was released by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS). It showed that ten of the 15 fastest-growing cities worldwide in 2008 were in China.     The ten cities are Baotou and Hohhot in the northern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Yantai, Weifang and Weihai in eastern Shandong Province, Dongguan, Zhongshan and Huizhou in southern Guangdong Province, and Wuhu and Hefei in eastern Anhui Province.     However, Chinese cities ranked at only medium or low levels among world cities in terms of overall competitiveness, the report said.     The ten most competitive cities in China, according to the report, are Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shanghai, Beijing, Taipei, Guangzhou, Qingdao, Tianjin, Suzhou and Kaohsiung. But Hong Kong only ranked the 26th among world cities, Shanghai the 41th, and the others still lower.     Ni Pengfei, a CASS scholar who led the research, said 294 large and medium-sized China cities were rated, including those in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.     The overall competitiveness of a city is based on its advantages in human resources, capital, science and technology, infrastructure, environment, governance and so on.     The report was compiled by nearly 100 scholars from Chinese universities, statistics departments, and research institutes.

BEIJING, Feb. 15 (Xinhua) -- North China's severe drought is still threatening 104 million mu (6.9 million hectares) of farmland in north China, the Office of State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters said Sunday.     The drought-affected farmland dropped only 6.41 million mu, compared to a day earlier, although the country is going all out to fight the worst drought in decades, including artificial rain.     Among the total affected farmland, 30.33 million mu was seriously threatened by the drought, though 940,000 mu less than a day earlier, and 4.21 million mu had dried out, according to the office.     In the meantime, 4.68 million people and 2.5 million heads of livestock are still facing water shortage.     About 88.42 million mu of winter wheat crops are suffering from the drought, 5.88 million mu less than a day earlier, in provinces of Hebei, Shanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan, Shandong, Shaanxi, and Gansu.     The respite was limited as there was no effective rainfall in the drought-hit winter wheat growing provinces Saturday, although 5.11 million mu of wheat farmland was watered by irrigation facilities.