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China's Premier Wen Jiabao said on Wednesday macro control measures should be further strengthened to prevent the fast-growing national economy from overheating. The monetary policies should be stable in general but "moderately tightened" to secure a stable and fast-growing economy, said Premier Wen at a meeting of the State Council. Wen said the country will continue to implement its current prudent fiscal and monetary policies. He called for fiscal policies to be more supportive of industrial restructuring. He said industrial production is growing at a rate that is faster than desired and the trade surplus is too big. China's trade surplus in May soared to US.45 billion, up 73 percent from the same month last year. Wen said the country would continue to adjust export rebates and tariffs on certain items while further improving policies to boost imports in a bid to address the climbing trade surplus. Sustained fast growth of investment, excessive liquidity in the capital market and rising inflation pressure also deserve more attention, said Wen. Wen said the government would control the supply of land and bank loans to high energy-consuming projects. He also said financial, fiscal and taxation measures should be employed to guide the flow of capital. He said there should be more channels for capital outflow and for the use of foreign exchange. Rising food prices have caused the consumer price index (CPI) to rise 3.4 percent in May, higher than the government's target of three percent. Wen pledged to stabilize food prices by ensuring the food supply and enhanced supervision over food quality.

Two labor watchdog officers in north China's Shanxi Province have been detained by police in connection with the country's growing slave-worker scandal. Hou Junyuan, head of an inspection team in Yongji City's Labor and Social Security Bureau, was accused of dereliction of duty and detained yesterday afternoon. Another officer from the team, Shang Guangze, was arrested on charges of abuse of power and fired from his job. The two had transferred an underage laborer, who was from central China's Henan Province and was being sent back home, to another kiln for new employment, authorities said. Police have arrested 168 people and are seeking more than 20 other suspects involved in the forced-labor scandal. By Sunday night, 45,000 officers had raided more than 8,000 kilns and small coal mines in Shanxi and Henan provinces and freed 591 workers, including 51 children. Those charged with crimes are suspected not only of illegal employment practices but also of abduction, limiting others' freedom, employing underage workers and even murder. Meanwhile, the government of Shanxi's Hongtong County, where one of the most notorious kilns was located, has dispatched work teams to 12 provinces to compensate victims who were compelled to work in captivity. The central government plans to launch a nationwide survey of labor conditions in small kilns and collieries, and those who illegally employ children, force people to work or deliberately injure workers will be severely punished, the State Council warned.

The head of the World Health Organization (WHO) Thursday warned of worsening health in the country's vast rural areas while praising the government for its commitment to improve healthcare in the countryside."The health indicators have failed to improve in pace with the economic indicators," said Margaret Chan when addressing a conference on rural primary healthcare in China."The health gap between rural and urban areas has grown even wider and health in parts of rural China is deteriorating."Medical costs are rising faster than the growth of per capita income in rural areas, she added.She said she appreciated the government's efforts and plans to build a medical system for all people, saying "when fair and accessible public health services become the clear targets of a country's public health policy, people's health will be improved".The WHO chief said she had noticed that the tasks on improving people's well-being in the report by Party chief Hu Jintao at the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China included a basic medical insurance system for urban dwellers and a cooperative medical care system in rural areas.She said recent WHO research has found that diseases are the source of poverty for 30 to 50 percent of the rural population of 737 million.A growing number of rural people, especially the aged, are suffering from various diseases; however, few have access to decent healthcare, she told the conference.Chan criticized the practice of allowing healthcare services to be commercialized in rural area, warning that it will cause the patients deeper suffering.The government has pledged to provide its population with basic medical care by 2020.It is expanding medical care through the Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme, a plan under which subscribers are funded to the tune of 50 yuan (.4) per person - 20 yuan (.6) from the central government, 20 yuan from the local government and 10 yuan (.3) from the individual.Vice-Minister of Health Chen Xiaohong said nearly 85 percent of the country's rural area, or 2,429 counties, are participating in the plan.

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BEIJING, March 7 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao met here on Friday with former U.S. President George Bush.     Hailing the progress of China-U.S. relations in recent years, Hu said that to develop healthy, stable bilateral ties was in the common interest of both sides and had great significance for peace and development of the Asian-Pacific region and the world at large.     China was willing to properly handle divergence and major concerns through dialogue and beef up bilateral exchanges and cooperation on the basis of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit, Hu said.     He said that he appreciated Bush's efforts to boost China-U.S. friendship. He also briefed the former U.S. leader about China's stance on the Taiwan issue and its preparations for the Beijing Olympic Games.     Calling U.S.-China relations one of the world's most important bilateral ties, Bush said that he was happy with the development of the progress of bilateral relations and expressed confidence that there would be even closer ties with China. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R front) meets with former U.S. President George Bush in Beijing, capital of China, March 7, 2008    As the honorary president of the U.S. delegation for the Olympic Games, Bush said he expected to be back in China in August to watch the Games.     Calling the Olympics a world sports festival, Bush said that he opposed politicizing the event and expected a complete success for the Games.

China's private enterprises employed 120 million people by September this year, up 9.5 percent from the same month a year ago, said a senior official on Saturday."The private sector of the economy is a main avenue of employment and re-employment in China," said Zhong Youping, deputy minister of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce.Zhang made the remarks at a forum on Chinese and Japanese small and medium-sized enterprises held in Guangzhou of South China's Guangdong Province.Developing the private sector would help increase job opportunities and enable economic growth and employment to boost each other, said Zhang.Labor-intensive firms and the service sector could absorb a lot of laid-off workers and college graduates, he added.Last year China's industrial and commercial authorities helped 2.54 million unemployed people find jobs in the private sector and nearly half of the country's new graduates entered private firms.

KUNMING - A comprehensive research and preservation facility for the germplasm of rare and endangered plants,wild animal species and microorganisms was completed on Sunday in southwest China's Yunnan Province. With an investment of 148 million yuan (US.5 million) over the past two years, the "Southwest China Germplasm Bank of Wild Species" facility was established by the Kunming Institute of Botany (KIB) with the help of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). "The bank will be a key player in China's biotech industry and a pioneer in the nation's biodiversity conservation and bioresource development strategy," Chen Zhu, vice president of CAS, said at the inauguration ceremony. According to the KIB, the bank sees itself as a leading storage facility of Asian species within 15 years of its foundation, and expects to make significant contributions to the development of the biotech industry and life science research by providing valuable resources, information and expertise. Within the next five years, the bank is expected to collect 6,450 wild species, 4,000 of which will be plant seed species. Within 15 years, its collection will reach 19,000 species. The bank comprises a seed section, an in-vitro micro-propagation unit, a microorganism bank, an animal germplasm bank, a DNA bank, an information center and a garden. Stretching across an undulating landscape and climatic zones ranging from the tropical to the frigid, Yunnan is home to a multitude of plant species linked together by a complex network of phylogenetic relations, and accounts for more than 50 percent of China's plant diversity.

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BEIJING - The number of commercial bribe cases dealt with by Chinese courts rose to 4,406 in the first seven months, an increase of 8.2 percent over the same period of last year, according to the Supreme People's Court (SPC) on Saturday.Xiong Xuanguo, vice-president of the SPC, said the number of cases featuring corporate wrong-doings rose 37.3 percent and cases relating to individual employees of companies jumped by 52.1 percent.Of the 3,748 commercial bribery cases that have been closed this year, 94.1 percent involved civil servants, Xiong said.A total of 31,119 commercial bribery cases were dealt with in China in the past two years before August 2007, with 7.079 billion yuan (US2.51 million) involved, said Li Yufu, deputy director of the leading group on anti-commercial bribery under the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.

WASHINGTON - China warned the United States on Thursday against "groundless smear attacks" against Chinese products and said it was working responsibly to address concerns over a spate of recent food safety scares. "The Chinese Government has not turned a blind eye or tried to cover up. We have taken this matter very seriously, acted responsibly and immediately adopted forceful measures," said a statement by China's embassy in Washington. "Blowing up, complicating or politicizing a problem are irresponsible actions and do not help in its solution," the Chinese mission said in a rare policy pronouncement. "It is even more unacceptable for some to launch groundless smear attacks on China at the excuse of food and drug safety problems," it said. Echoing the Beijing government's complaints about US media reports, the embassy said food safety concerns were not unique to China, 99.2 percent of whose food exports to the United States in 2006 met quality standards. Problematic US imports from China -- including toxic ingredients mixed into pet food and recalls of toy trains and toothpaste -- were isolated cases and "hardly avoidable" amid huge and rapidly growing bilateral trade, the statement said. "It is unfair and irresponsible for the US media to single China out, play up China's food safety problems and mislead the US consumers," it added. Appealing for strengthened cooperation between Chinese and US food inspection authorities, the statement urged Americans to "respect science and treat China's food and drug exports fairly."

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The first ever white paper on political parties pledges multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC). Released Thursday by the Information Office of the State Council, the white paper, entitled "China's Political Party System", explains in detail the formation, characteristics and development of the system and its role in economic and social development.Multi-party cooperation is a political system that suits China's conditions, the paper says."China will not mechanically copy other countries' political party systems," the document says, adding that the history of modern and contemporary China has proven that blind emulation of the political or party systems of other countries will not succeed.Zhuang Congsheng, director of the research office of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the CPC, said multi-party cooperation is different from the two-party or multi-party systems in Western countries and the one-party system practised in some other countries. China has established a unique political party system and its own way to fulfill democracy, he said.In China, the ruling party and other parties share the same ideal and same objectives, said Zhuang.The white paper says multi-party cooperation has created a new form of political system in the world.Under this system, the CPC and other parties work closely together and supervise each other, instead of opposing each other, with the CPC ruling the country and the other parties participating in State affairs according to law.By the end of 2006, 31,000 people who were not CPC members and those without party affiliation took up government posts at and above the county level, the paper says.Among them, 18 served as deputy chiefs in the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, and ministries, commissions, offices and bureaus directly under the State Council.Minister of Health Chen Zhu and Minister of Science and Technology Wan Gang - both educated in Europe - are the first non-CPC members appointed to the Cabinet since the 1970s.Apart from the CPC, there are eight parties in China: Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, China Democratic League, China National Democratic Construction Association, China Association for Promoting Democracy, Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party, China Zhi Gong Dang, Jiu San Society and Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League.Xinhua contributed to the story

BRUSSELS -- The European Commission is set to propose an end to the five-year anti-dumping duties on Chinese energy-saving lightbulbs, a spokesman said on Thursday. A group of trade experts at the European Union's executive body have been debating whether to drop the anti-dumping duties for several months as the trade defense measure against lightbulbs made in China was introduced for five years in 2001. Peter Power, a spokesman for EU Trade Commissioner Peter Mandelson, said a majority of specialists support the end to the anti-dumping duties as the five-year period has expired. "The outcome of the discussions puts the commission in a position to proceed with a formal proposal to end the duties," he said. Some European bulb makers have been pressing had for a renewal of the duties for another five years, but the measure was criticized by environmentalists as unjustified in EU's fight against global warming. EU member states will give a final say to the issue, based on the commission's proposal. The 27-nation bloc has launched a review of its trade defense policy, notably anti-duping measures. As an increasing number of EU companies now invest in China, the EU wants to have a second thought on whether such measures would hurt its own interests.