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造价控制在电力工程监理中的作用

BEIJING, May 6 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao and his U.S. counterpart, Barack Obama, on Wednesday discussed bilateral relations and the A/H1N1 flu epidemic during a telephone conversation.     Hu recalled that during their meeting at the Group of 20 summit in London in early April, he and Obama agreed to work together to build a positive, cooperative and comprehensive relationship in the 21st century.     The two leaders also reached extensive consensus on the establishment of the mechanism of China-U.S. Strategic and Economic Dialogues, joint efforts to tackle the international financial crisis, and enhanced coordination and cooperation on major global and regional issues, Hu said.     "Now, both countries are seriously implementing the consensus," the Chinese president said.     "China is willing to work with the United States to push for a healthy and stable development of China-U.S. relations," he said.     Obama, for his part, said the meeting with Hu was important because it outlined the future development of bilateral cooperation and made a good start on the China-U.S. strategic dialogue.     The United States appreciated China's efforts to promote bilateral relations, he said.     The Chinese president expressed sincere condolences over the A/H1N1 flu epidemic that has hit parts of the United States, and said the Chinese government has started emergency measures to prevent a spread of the disease.     "We are willing to keep contact with the World Health Organization, the United States and other parties concerned, and strengthen cooperation to jointly confront this public health challenge," Hu said.     Obama said his country has adopted effective measures against the disease and will continue to keep a close eye on the outbreak.     The U.S. president said he was looking forward to meeting with Hu again during a meeting of leaders of the Group of Eight nations and developing countries in Italy. Obama said he was also looking forward to visiting China.     The two leaders also exchanged views on such issues as the situation on the Korean Peninsula and the situation in South Asia.

BEIJING, June 5 (Xinhua) -- China will continue its massive elimination of backward industrial facilities in 2009 to save energy and cut pollution in its bid to address climate change, the government said Friday.     China aims to close down small coal-burning power stations with a total generating capacity of 15 million kilowatts, according to an action plan approved by a joint meeting of the national steering committee for responses to climate changes and the State Council steering committee for energy-saving and emission control Friday.     China will continue to eliminate obsolete capacity in key industries, including 10 million tonnes in iron-making industry, 6million tonnes in steel industry, and 50 million tonnes in cement industry, said the plan examined at the meeting presided by Premier Wen Jiabao.     The meeting decided to adopt more measures, including stricter energy efficiency and environmental assessments, to control the expansion of industries that consumed excessive energy and discharged pollutants. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (C) presides over a State Council meeting on Climate Change, Energy saving and Emission Reduction in Beijing, China, June 5, 2009. (Xinhua/Pang Xinglei)    The government also called for the promotion of recycling and the use of energy efficient products, including subsidizing purchases of energy-efficient air conditioners, refrigerators and lamps.     Central and local governments would further increase investment in energy efficient projects.     In 2009, such projects are expected to reduce energy consumption equal to 750 million tonnes of standard coal usage. New sewage treatment projects will treat 10 million cubic meters of waste water.     The government would also publicize local government efforts to reduce energy consumption, improve supervision and enhance cooperation with international agencies to develop alternative energies and low-carbon technologies.     The government has set a goal to reduce energy consumption per 10,000 yuan (1,464 U.S. dollars) of gross domestic product (GDP) by 20 percent from 2006 to 2010.     In the three years to 2008, energy consumption per unit of GDP fell 10.1 percent, according to the State Council. That means saving 300 million tonnes of standard coal and cutting carbon dioxide emissions by 750 million tonnes.     Emissions of sulfur dioxide in the same period fell 8.95 percent, and chemical oxygen demand (COD), a measure of water pollution, was down 6.61 percent.

URUMQI, July 9 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government and the Communist Party of China (CPC) will severely punish the outlaws in the Xinjiang riot, and restore normal social order in the region as soon as possible, senior Chinese leader Zhou Yongkang said here Thursday.     Authorities would take stability as their top priority at hand, and crack down hard on violence, in accordance with laws to protect the lives and property of people of all ethnic groups, and safeguard ethnic unity, said Zhou, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. Zhou Yongkang (C), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, visits Aygul, an injured woman of minority group, at a military hospital in Urumchi, capital of northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, July 9, 2009. Zhou started an inspection tour in Xinjiang on Thursday.At least 156 people were killed and more than 1,000 injured in the riot on Sunday in Urumqi, capital city of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.     When visiting civilians injured in the riot Thursday afternoon at a military hospital, Zhou Yongkang promised that violent outlaws in the deadly riot would receive severe punishment in accordance with China's laws, and that the normal order would be restored. Zhou Yongkang (R, front), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, shakes hands with a policeman on duty in Urumchi, capital of northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, July 9, 2009. Zhou started an inspection tour in Xinjiang on Thursday.He urged medical workers to provide better treatment to the injured, and save the lives of those in serious conditions "at all cost".     Zhou also called on troops and police officers on duty in Urumqi to enforce the laws justly, and "crush any attempt by hostile forces from home and abroad".

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BEIJING, June 16 (Xinhua) -- China's political advisors were urged to brainstorm on economic development and offer suggestions as the nation copes with the impact of the global downturn.     Jia Qinglin, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), a political advisory body, made the call as the standing committee of the 11thCPPCC National Committee kicked off its sixth meeting Tuesday.     Jia said maintaining steady, relatively fast economic development and safeguarding social stability and harmony were the foremost tasks facing the government. He called on the participants to focus their four-day discussions on these themes and make valuable suggestions. The sixth meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) opens in Beijing, capital of China, on March 16, 2009. Vice Premier Li Keqiang briefed the meeting on the economic situation and China's economic and social development.     He said with the central authority's decisive coping policies and the concerted efforts nationwide, China's economy was turning for the better.     He nevertheless warned of a "complicated and zigzag" recovery process and difficulties ahead, citing the unpredictable world economy.     Li also called for full implementation of the central authority's deployment in the next step of the economic work, and laid out directions including boosting domestic demand, accelerating industrial restructuring, developing new energy sources, furthering reform and opening up and raising living standards.

BEIJING, July 10 (Xinhua) -- China's Ministry of Finance (MOF) announced Friday that it will launch two more batches of electronic savings bonds of up to 50 billion yuan (7.32 billion U.S. dollars) since next week.     According to the ministry, one batch of the e-savings bonds of 40 billion yuan has a term of three years, with a fixed annual interest rate of 3.73 percent.     The other, the five-year e-savings bonds, is worth 10 billion yuan at a fixed annual interest rate of four percent.     The two bonds will be issued from July 15 to 31, with interests to be calculated from July 15 and paid annually, said the ministry in a statement on its website.     These bonds are open to only individual investors, the MOF said.     Compared with other types of bonds, the e-savings bond is seen as more convenient for investors. For example, the interest can bepaid through direct deposit into the investor's account.     This is the second time the ministry launches this kind of bond this year, with the first issuance of two batches of e-savings bonds in April.     The ministry also said it would issue two batches of book-entry treasury bonds next week with a face value of 12.48 billion yuan and 12.65 billion yuan each.     One with the face value of 12.48 billion yuan has a term of 91 days, and the issue price, set by competitive bidding, was 99.72 yuan for a face value of 100 yuan. In this sense, the annual yield will be 1.15 percent, the ministry said.     The other has a term of 273 days, and the issue price was set at 99.077 yuan for 100 yuan, with an annual yield of 1.25 percent.     The ministry said the book-entry T-bonds will be sold from July 13 to July 15. Trading of the bonds will begin July 17.

BEIJING, June 5 (Xinhua) -- China will continue its massive elimination of backward industrial facilities in 2009 to save energy and cut pollution in its bid to address climate change, the government said Friday.     China aims to close down small coal-burning power stations with a total generating capacity of 15 million kilowatts, according to an action plan approved by a joint meeting of the national steering committee for responses to climate changes and the State Council steering committee for energy-saving and emission control Friday.     China will continue to eliminate obsolete capacity in key industries, including 10 million tonnes in iron-making industry, 6million tonnes in steel industry, and 50 million tonnes in cement industry, said the plan examined at the meeting presided by Premier Wen Jiabao.     The meeting decided to adopt more measures, including stricter energy efficiency and environmental assessments, to control the expansion of industries that consumed excessive energy and discharged pollutants. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (C) presides over a State Council meeting on Climate Change, Energy saving and Emission Reduction in Beijing, China, June 5, 2009. (Xinhua/Pang Xinglei)    The government also called for the promotion of recycling and the use of energy efficient products, including subsidizing purchases of energy-efficient air conditioners, refrigerators and lamps.     Central and local governments would further increase investment in energy efficient projects.     In 2009, such projects are expected to reduce energy consumption equal to 750 million tonnes of standard coal usage. New sewage treatment projects will treat 10 million cubic meters of waste water.     The government would also publicize local government efforts to reduce energy consumption, improve supervision and enhance cooperation with international agencies to develop alternative energies and low-carbon technologies.     The government has set a goal to reduce energy consumption per 10,000 yuan (1,464 U.S. dollars) of gross domestic product (GDP) by 20 percent from 2006 to 2010.     In the three years to 2008, energy consumption per unit of GDP fell 10.1 percent, according to the State Council. That means saving 300 million tonnes of standard coal and cutting carbon dioxide emissions by 750 million tonnes.     Emissions of sulfur dioxide in the same period fell 8.95 percent, and chemical oxygen demand (COD), a measure of water pollution, was down 6.61 percent.

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BEIJING, June 22 (Xinhua) -- China's top legislature Monday began to review the first draft law on diplomatic personnel which intended to standardize management of diplomats in foreign countries and international organizations and improve their well-beings.     The draft, submitted by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to the ninth session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) for a first reading, said the government should establish a floating mechanism to raise the diplomats' wages and other benefits.     China has about 5,000 diplomats serving in more than 250 embassies, consulates general and other overseas organizations who were sent by 32 domestic agencies of the central government.     The draft law will be the first of its kind written to regulate Chinese government agents working in the 171 countries that China so far has diplomatic ties with.     If a diplomat's spouse works for the government, a public institution, a state-run enterprise or is an active-duty military member and decides to move abroad with the diplomatic staffer, he or she could not be dismissed or face any charges from their employer, it said.     The draft only applies to overseas employees with diplomatic rank, not translators, messengers, chefs, drivers and other noncommissioned staff.     It also mandates that diplomats intending to marry must have their prospective spouses vetted, and that divorces must be promptly reported.     If a diplomatic spouse acquires a foreign nationality or permanent residence permit, the diplomat will be called back before the overseas tenure ends, the draft said.     Diplomats' domestic agencies would also have the power to decide if the spouse could accompany them abroad or whether those who remain in China would have government-paid visits to the diplomats.

BEIJING, July 18 (Xinhua) -- East Star Airlines Co., Ltd. said Saturday here that its current combined debt surpassed 752 million yuan (110.1 million U.S. dollars).     Zhao Changbing, spokesperson of the company, said the announcement was made to counter rumors about the status quo of the company's assets and debt     Zhao said total assets of the company stood at 1.01 billion yuan.     Established in 2005 in central Hubei Province, East Star Airlines operated more than 20 routes. Its operation was suspended by the industry regulator as of March 15 this year, due to financial difficulties of the carrier.

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XI'AN, June 13 (Xinhua) -- Chinese archaeologists started a new excavation of the famous terracotta army site Saturday, hoping to find more clay figures and unravel some of the mysteries left behind by the "First Emperor."     It was the third excavation in the pit -- the first and largest of three pits at the site near Xi'an, capital of northwestern Shaanxi Province -- since 1974 when the terracotta army was discovered by peasants digging a well. Archaeologists work at the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province, June 13, 2009. Archeologists began the third large-scale excavation of the Terra-cotta Warriors on June 13, China's fourth Cultural Heritage Day, after a halt of over 20 years.FIRST DAY: "BETTER THAN THOUGHT"     The new dig began at 1 p.m. Saturday, which marks the country's fourth Cultural Heritage Day, and it lasted about five hours on the first day.     "The most important discovery today is two four-horse chariots that are standing in tandem very closely," said Cao Wei, deputy curator of the Qinshihuang Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum.     "It is the first time for us to find such an existence in the excavation history," Cao said. Photo taken on June 13, 2009 shows the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province.In addition, another important discovery was that a few newly-unearthed terracotta warriors were richly colored. Archaeologists soon used plastic sheets to cover them for protection.     Richly colored clay figures were unearthed from the mausoleum of Qinshihuang in the Qin Dynasty (221 B.C.- 207 B.C.), the first emperor of a united China, in previous excavations, but once they were exposed to the air they began to lose their luster and turn an oxidized grey.     "From what we have excavated today, the preservation of the cultural relics is better than thought," said Xu Weihong, head of the excavation team. Photo taken on June 13, 2009 shows the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province. "Take for instance, the discovery of the richly colored terracotta warriors gave us great confidence. I believe the future excavation will go smoothly," Xu said.     The 230 by 62-meter pit was believed to contain about 6,000 life-sized terracotta figures, more than 1,000 of which were found in previous excavations, said Wu Yongqi, museum curator.     The State Administration of Cultural Heritage has approved the museum's dig of 200 square meters of the site this year, Wu said. Archaeologists work at the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province, June 13, 2009.Also Saturday, deputy curator Cao told reporters that the state ministration has approved a five-year excavation plan submitted by the museum.     "We plan to dig about 2,000 square meters in the coming five years," Cao said.     NEW DISCOVERIES EXPECTED     Archaeologists hoped they might find a clay figure that appeared to be "in command" of the huge underground army, said Liu Zhancheng, head of the archeological team under the terracotta museum.     "We're hoping to find a clay figure that represented a high-ranking army officer, for example," he told Xinhua earlier.     Liu and his colleagues are also hoping to ascertain the success of decades of preservation efforts to keep the undiscovered terracotta figures intact and retain their original colors.     Most experts believe the pit houses a rectangular army of archers, infantrymen and charioteers that the emperor hoped would help him rule in the afterlife.     But Liu Jiusheng, a Chinese historian in Xi'an, claims it was an army of servants and bodyguards rather than warriors. His argument is still not widely accepted by other terracotta experts.     The army is still known to most Chinese people as the "terracotta warriors and horses."     The army was one of the greatest archeological finds of modern times. It was discovered in Lintong county, 35 km east of Xi'an, in 1974 by peasants who were digging a well.     The first formal excavation of the site lasted for six years from 1978 to 1984 and produced 1,087 clay figures. A second excavation, in 1985, lasted a year and was cut short for technical reasons.     The discovery, listed as a world heritage site by UNESCO in December 1987, has turned Xi'an into one of China's major tourist attractions.

BEIJING, June 24 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government's fiscal revenue in the first five months of 2009 reached 2.7 trillion yuan (400 billion U.S. dollars), down 6.7 percent from the same period of last year, Finance Minister Xie Xuren said Wednesday.     Xie revealed the figure in a report to the ninth session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC), China's top legislature.     Of the total, the central government collected about 1.4 trillion yuan, down 14 percent. This accounted for 39.6 percent of the annual budget.     Local governments collected the other 1.3 trillion yuan, up 2.9 percent, which accounted for 42.4 percent of the annual budget.     Xie cited four factors for the drop in fiscal revenues: a fall in international trade due to the global economic downturn; a fall in revenue value relative to the consumer price index and producer price index; structural tax reduction polices and a slowdown in China's economic growth.     Structural tax reduction policies reduced taxes by about 230 billion yuan in the first five months, according to the report.     He said in the first five months, fiscal expenditure nationwide amounted to almost 2.25 trillion yuan, up 27.8 percent over the same period last year, accounting for 29.5 percent of the budgeted figure.     Central government expenditure totaled 459.3 billion yuan, up 21.4 percent, while local governments spent 1.79 trillion yuan, up29.5 percent, he said.     The funding went mainly to expanding public investment, increasing subsidies for low-income groups, ensuring sufficient money for education, health, social security, employment, basic housing and culture, and supporting technological innovation, energy conservation and emission reduction.     Xie stressed that the government would continue to ensure the stable growth of investment and actively implement structural tax reduction policies to ease the burden on business and consumers. Doing so would encourage companies to invest and individuals to consume.     "Efforts should be made to boost revenues and cut spending," he said, calling for frugality and strict control of expenditures by reducing government vehicle purchases, reception fees and official travel.     He said: "The construction of government and Party committee buildings should be rigidly limited."     The government would promote the scientific and meticulous management of public finances, boost efficiency and deepen fiscal system reform, he said, adding that resource tax reform would be advanced and the consumption tax system would be adjusted.     Xie said the outstanding national debt reached 5.3 trillion yuan at the end of last year, which was within the 5.5-trillion-yuan limit in the annual budget.     The government's fiscal revenue reached about 6.13 trillion yuan last year, 19.5 percent more than in 2007.     Xie said the central fund for reconstruction from last year's May 12 earthquake reached 74 billion yuan and expenditures were 69.77 billion yuan last year.     This year, the central budget allocated 130 billion yuan for reconstruction work.