财政分权对经济增长的实证研究

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BEIJING, Nov. 10 (Xinhua) -- Jia Qinglin, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the country's top political advisory body, called on the country's private enterprises to play an active role in economic growth.     Jia, also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, said the private sector should step up efforts on the development mode shift and optimize product structures during a research tour in the eastern Zhejiang Province from Nov. 7 to 10. Jia Qinglin (L), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC), talks with an employee with Huayi Electric Apparatus Group(HEAG) in Hangzhou, capital of east China's Zhejiang Province, on Nov. 9, 2008. Jia made an inspection in Zhejiang on Nov.7-10He told non-public companies to make full use of the opportunity of the government's decision to boost domestic consumption in the coming years.     The government on Sunday announced it would launch a stimulus package estimated at 4 trillion yuan (570 billion U.S. dollars) to be spent over the next two years to finance programs in 10 major areas, such as low-income housing, rural infrastructure, water, electricity, transport, the environment and technological innovation.     Jia said over the past three decades the private sector had made important contributions to China's economic development, technology innovation, job creation and other areas.     He added that they should enhance innovation capabilities and sharpen competitive edges to better cope with adverse global economic conditions.     He urged on local governments to earnestly implement favorable policies for private companies, help enhance their risk management capabilities and create a sound development environment for them.

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TAIPEI, Nov. 4 (Xinhua) -- Taiwan's ruling Kuomintang (KMT) honorary chairman Lien Chan said Tuesday that the new agreements between the Chinese mainland and Taiwan "earn a real applause" and could benefit both sides.     Lien held a banquet in Taipei to welcome the mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS) president Chen Yunlin and his delegation.     "From a historical perspective, Chen's visit realizes a decade-old wish of President Wang Daohan and Chairman Koo Chen-fu, announces the establishment of an institutionalized consultation channel, and strengthens the base of cross-Straits mutual development and mutual benefits, " Lien said in his address.     In April 1993, late ARATS President Wang and Koo, late chairman of Taiwan-based Straits Exchange Foundation (SEF), held a historic "Wang-Koo meeting" in Singapore. It was the first public meeting between leaders of the two organizations.     Lien said Chen's current visit also symbolized a great step toward establishing mutual trust and achieving a win-win situation.     Chen and SEF chairman Chiang Pin-kung signed agreements on direct shipping and flights, postal services and food safety during their first summit in Taipei on Tuesday.     The agreements were expected to end a situation that has prevailed since 1949, which required air and sea movements between the Chinese mainland and Taiwan to go through a third place. Kuomintang honorary chairman Lien Chan (L) presents a gift to mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS) President Chen Yunlin in Taipei, southeast China's Taiwan Province Nov. 4, 2008. Lien held a banquet for Chen and his delegation here on TuesdayLien, then KMT chairman, held a historic meeting with Hu Jintao, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, in 2005, the first such meeting after six decades.     Lien said he was honored to build a "shared vision" with Hu for the cross-Straits peaceful development. The three ensuing CPC-KMT forums, which had 48 fruitful deals, had greatly promoted cross-Straits exchanges and cooperation in fields such as economy, trade, culture, education and youth exchanges.     The ARATS delegation's visit was a key step in history, he said.     Chen said in his address that his "best dream of his life" was to sign the four agreements together with Chiang "on the lovely earth of Taiwan".     "For such a visit, many great efforts have been made ... and the ARATS and the SEF have signed six deals over the past five months, completing tasks that may take 60 years to achieve. The Taiwan side has made positive efforts," he said.     Three of the four deals signed on Tuesday concerned cross-Straits issues of "three direct links" of shipping, flights and postal services, which was "good news" for compatriots on both sides, Chen said.     "The future will tell that it is a right decision which would bring benefits to people on both sides," he said, adding the result would also comfort Wang and Koo who had passed away.     The ARATS and SEF would "bravely move on with steadier steps" so as to open a new era of peaceful development across the Straits, Chen said.     Taiwan's mainland affairs department chief Lai Shin-yuan said when meeting with Chen that "the mainland and Taiwan could solve misunderstandings step by step so long as the two sides could tolerate and understand each other".     She said the two high-level meetings between the two organizations in less than five months showed their strong willingness in shelving disputes, facing reality and vigorously improving ties.

TEHRAN, Jan. 14 (Xinhua) -- Iran and China signed a 1.76 billion U.S. dollars deal here on Wednesday for the initial development of Iran's North Azadegan oil field, the official IRNA news agency reported.     The deal was signed between China National Petroleum Corporation(CNPC) and the National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) in the presence of Iranian oil minister Gholam Hossein Nozari and Chinese ambassador Xie Xiaoyan, IRNA said.     The North Azadegan oil field which located in Iran's western province of Khuzestan has an estimated reserve of six billion barrels of oil and can produce 75,000 barrels per day for 25 years, Nozari was quoted as saying.     Under the deal, CNPC is committed to developing the oil field in two phases, IRNA said.     Oil output of the North Azadegan oil field will reach 150,000 barrels per day when both the two phases of the project are finished, Nozari added.     According to IRNA, the deal is in the form of buy-back terms, based on which CNPC hands over the operation of the field to NIOC after development and receives payment from oil production for a few years to cover its investment.     The period for the development and reimbursement for the first and the second phase of the field would be about 12 and 17 years, Nozari said. 

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WASHINGTON, Nov. 14 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao arrived in Washington Friday for a summit to discuss issues concerning financial markets and the global economy.     President Hu, and other leaders from the Group of Twenty (G20) members, have been invited by U.S. President George W. Bush to Saturday's meeting, the first in a series of summits to mitigate what economists predict could be a long and deep downturn.     Later in the evening, the Chinese president is expected to attend a dinner hosted by Bush for all the leaders.     "The leaders will review progress being made to address the current financial crisis, advance a common understanding of its causes, and, in order to avoid a repetition, agree on a common set of principles for reform of the regulatory and institutional regimes for the world's financial sectors," said White House spokeswoman Dana Perino last month in making the announcement of the summit.     At a press briefing last week, Chinese Vice Foreign Minister He Yafei said that China expects to build a fair, inclusive and efficient international financial system.     "We hope to consult with other participants to reform the international financial system and finally try to establish a fair, inclusive and efficient system," He said.     He said that China would take an active part in the summit-related activities in a constructive attitude, work together with all the parties for the achievement of pragmatic outcome, and impel the international community to tackle the financial crisis in a timely, comprehensive and effective manner.     The members of the G20 include Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Britain, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, the United States, and the European Union.     The managing director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF),the president of the World Bank, the secretary-general of the United Nations and the chairman of the Financial Stability Forum have also been invited to the Washington summit.     Washington is the first leg of President Hu's five-nation trip. He will later pay state visits to Costa Rica, Cuba, Peru and Greece. During his stay in Peru, he will attend the Economic Leaders' Informal Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC) forum in Lima.

BEIJING, Dec. 17 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao on Wednesday called for a healthy development of the country's real estate market at an executive meeting of the State Council, or the Cabinet.     A document released after the meeting said the recently-adopted domestic demand expansion and economic stimulus policies had positive impact on the property market. Trading volumes in some cities were picking up.     At present, efforts should be made to keep market-oriented in developing real estate, step up building of houses for low-income families, encourage housing transactions and maintain a reasonable scale of real estate development.     The document said governments would spend three years to build houses for 7.5 million low-income families in urban areas and 2.4 million households in shanty towns in forests, reclamation areas and coal mines. They would also continue renovating aged buildings in rural areas.     The central government would keep financing these building and renovating projects, offer higher subsidies for the less developed central and western regions and carry out pilot projects in some area to test the feasibility of supporting construction with idle funds in local housing provident fund accounts.     In a bid to encourage transaction, second-home buyers, with per-capita room-at-home lower than the local average, would be allowed to enjoy favorable policies for first-time house buyers.     Tax on house transactions would also be reduced next year. Homeowners who had lived-in for more than two years would be exempted from a transaction tax, which had been levied on houses lived in for less than five years. For those who had lived-in for less than two years, the base of tax would be transaction price minus the original price.     Banks should lend to developers of low-price apartments, especially those under construction, and offer services for mergers by credible developers.     The central government demanded local authorities keep a close eye on the real estate market, find new problems in time and step up supervision on use of subsidies and quality of construction projects.

BEIJING, Jan. 25 (Xinhua) -- In December 2008, China's light industry enjoyed an output growth of 8.1 percent year-on-year, which sharply outpaced the 4.7 percent growth of heavy industry.     The latest statistics from the National Bureau of Statistics show that the output of state-owned enterprises suffered a decline. In December, state-owned and state-controlled enterprises witnessed an output drop of 0.6 percent, while that of private enterprises went up 16.3 percent, overseas-funded enterprises was up 0.3 percent.     According to the statistics, in December the country produced 219.9 million tonnes of coal, down 1.3 percent year-on-year; the output of crude oil was 15.7 million tonnes, up 0.4 percent; crude steel fell 10.5 percent to 37.79 million tonnes; and motor vehicles dropped 18.9 percent to 685,700 sets.     In December, China's industrial output grew 5.7 percent, or 0.3percentage points faster than the previous month.

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Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (C) speaks during the conclusion session of the national conference of economic planners, in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 14, 2008.     BEIJING, Dec. 15 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang stressed the importance of maintaining stable and healthy economic growth through domestic demand expansion and economic restructuring on Sunday.     Addressing a national conference of economic planners concluded here Sunday, Li said China's economy was in face of a grim situation due to the global financial crisis, but the fundamentals and long-term trend of the country's economic development were unchanged.     The economic development was the foundation for solving all problems, Li said, noting that as the central government had pointed out, priority should be given to maintaining stable and relatively fast economic growth next year.     This would be achieved through expanding domestic demand, restructuring the economy and transforming the growth pattern, Li said. All would ultimately target improving people's living standard. The national conference of economic planners concludes in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 14, 2008. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang attended the conclusion session of the conference.     He urged local governments to encourage social investment to sustain economic growth, take measures to maintain stable growth in export and step up studies on the global economy to enhance capacities for prevision.     Economic restructuring was an effective way to deal with current global financial crisis, Li said, adding that efforts should be made to ensure employment, improve people's living conditions and encourage technological innovation.     He emphasized the importance of developing the tertiary industry which could absorb large amounts of workers and energy-saving industries which could sustain the country's growth.     He urged the authorities to let the market play a fundamental role in the allocation of resources and step up innovation in corporate management.

Palestinian National Authority(PNA) President Mahmoud Abbas (R) meets with Liu Yunshan, member of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau and head of the CPC Central Committee Publicity Department, in the West Bank city of Ramallah, Dec. 3, 2008.     RAMALLAH, Dec. 3 (Xinhua) -- A visiting senior official of the Communist Party of China (CPC) said here on Wednesday that China hopes for joint efforts to push forward the Middle East peace process.     Liu Yunshan, member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and head of the Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee, made the remarks during meetings with Palestinian National Authority (PNA) President Mahmoud Abbas and Prime Minister Salam Fayyad in the West Bank city.     Liu highlighted China's hope for realizing a comprehensive, just and everlasting peace in the Middle East at an early date, based on related UN resolutions and the "Land for Peace" principle.     Liu, who leads a CPC delegation, conveyed cordial greetings from CPC and Chinese leaders to Abbas and Fayyad, saying that relations between the two sides would witness greater development in the future.     Abbas expressed appreciation of the positive development of the solid ties between the Palestinians and China, expressing gratitude to China over its support for the Palestinian cause. Palestinian Prime Minister Salam Fayyad (R) meets with Liu Yunshan, member of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau and head of the CPC Central Committee Publicity Department, in the West Bank city of Ramallah, Dec. 3, 2008.     Citing China's success in hosting the Olympic Games and launching the Shenzhou VII manned space flight, Abbas said the Palestinian people are proud of the remarkable achievements of the friendly nation.     The Palestinian side is willing to strengthen communication and exchange with the Chinese government and the CPC in order to further develop bilateral relations in a comprehensive way, said Abbas.     Meanwhile, Fayyad said the Palestinian people cherish the enduring friendship with China and are willing to enhance mutual beneficial cooperation in all aspects, including politics, economy, culture and education.     Before the meetings, Liu laid a wreath at the grave of late Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat, which is located in the compound of the Palestinian president's office in Ramallah.     During his one-day trip in Ramallah, Liu, along with Abbas, also presided the signing ceremony for an economic and technical cooperation agreement between China and the Palestinians.     The Palestinian territories is the last leg of Liu's good-will visit to the region, which has taken him to Iran, Bahrain, Egypt and Israel.

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BEIJING, Oct. 20 (Xinhua) -- China's top economic planning agency on Monday said it would raise the minimum purchasing price for wheat by as much as 15.3 percent starting next year.     The move by the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) aims to boost rural income and grain output. The country, with a population of more than 1.3 billion, relies mainly on domestic production for food.     By hiking grain purchasing prices the NDRC hopes to motivate farmers to increase agricultural production.     The government's minimum purchasing price for white wheat next year will be 0.87 yuan (12.7 U.S. cents) per 500 grams, 13 percent higher than prices in 2008. In addition, prices for red and mixed wheat will be 0.83 yuan per 500 grams, up 15.3 percent.     The agency also pledged to further increase subsidies for agricultural production materials, machinery and crop seeds.     It will also increase commercial reserves of fertilizer to help ensure market supply and price stability.     The NDRC would like to expand China's grain production capacity by 50 million tons.     On Oct. 11, China's Ministry of Agriculture predicted an increase in grain output for the fifth consecutive year.     According to estimates from the State Grain Information Center, this year's grain output should reach 511.5 million tons, up 10 million tons from 2007.     The central government allocated 102.86 billion yuan (15.1 billion U.S. dollars) in agriculture subsidies this year, doubling the money from 2007.     The NDRC also plans to raise the minimum purchasing price for rice next year, although it did not give further details.

 CAIRO, Dec. 24 (Xinhua) -- At the invitation of Egyptian Prime Minister Ahmed Mahmoud Mohamed Nazef, Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang arrived here on Wednesday afternoon for an official visit to Egypt.     "I believe my visit will promote the China-Egypt strategic partnership of cooperation to a higher level," Li said in a written speech upon arrival at the airport.     He noted that China attaches great importance to developing relations with Egypt and is ready to make joint efforts with the Egyptian side to consolidate the traditional friendship, deepen the strategic partnership of cooperation and enhance coordination in international and regional issues with Egypt. Visiting Chinese Vice-Premier Li Keqiang is greeted by Chinese people on his arrival at an airport in Cairo, capital of Egypt, Dec. 24, 2008.    During his four-day visit, Li is expected to meet Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak and hold talks with Nazef on bilateral relations with the Arab world and Africa, and regional, international issues.     Egypt is the second leg of Li's first overseas trip since he took office as vice premier in March. The trip has brought him to Indonesia and will bring him to Kuwait.     Among his entourages are senior foreign affairs, development, commercial and banking officials.

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