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BEIJING, Dec. 1 (Xinhua) -- The Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) of China's manufacturing sector stood at 55.2 percent in November, unchanged from the previous month, the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing (CFLP) said on Tuesday.     It was the ninth straight month that the PMI reading stayed above 50.     A reading of above 50 suggests expansion, while one below 50 indicates contraction. The PMI includes a package of indices that measure economic performance.     In November, new order index and output index both held steady from figures in the previous month at 58.4 percent and 59.4 percent, respectively.     New export order index was 53.6 percent, down by 0.9 percentage points compared to November while purchasing price index rose by 6.5 percentage points to 63.4 percent.     Only three out of the 20 surveyed sectors reported a PMI index reading below 50, which were paper making and printing, oil processing, and beverages making.    

BEIJING, Nov. 16 (Xinhua) -- Xiao Wu, now a student at Oxford University, recalls her life in Britain started off with "depression" six years ago in a renowned board school.     Fresh from China, the reality of the new country failed to meet her expectations.     "I was disappointed to find many of my British classmates just spent plenty of time on parties, instead of study," Xiao Wu says, a straight-A student in China, who struck her teachers and peers as "extraordinarily diligent."     It has taken her long to come to terms with the fact that British students just could be academically excellent as well without "excess hardworking" that was often held dear by their Chinese peers, she says.     "It seems that they could better balance school work and entertainment than most of us," she says.     But for younger Chinese, such culture shock is much less likely as they increasingly share a common international culture and make friends abroad.     Ding Kaiyan, 15, recalls making friends with Ayumi Saito during the latter's school excursion in China in August, 2008.     "We are both veteran players of Popcart (a popular racing game designed in South Korea), fans of NEWS (a Japanese boy band), and lovers of literature," she says. "Although I had not fully mastered Japanese, we hit it off at our first meeting."     One year later, Ding called on Ayumi Saito in Japan's Toyama Prefecture. Before her trip, Ding had glimpsed Japanese pop culture and customs through her Japanese teacher, Matsushita Hiroshi, and on the Internet.     Ding is one of dozens of students at the Northeast Yucai School, in the northeastern Liaoning Province, who have traveled to Japan to meet children their own age over the past six years.     "Globalization is a buzzword for scholars, but for children it just means how they live their lives," said Professor Shi Jinghuan, executive dean of the Institute of Education of the Tsinghua University.     Their favorite foods, clothes and pop stars and cartoon characters can come from any corner of the world, and many of them start to speak English at kindergarten, she says. "That may explain how they develop familiarity.     "The media, especially the Internet, have presented children all over the world with a colorful global village, and brought them closer," she says. "As long as you want to know, the information is at your fingertips."     Shi Junhao, 10, a fifth-grader at Beijing Fangcaodi International School, has just finished a six-week school trip to the U.K. with eight other students.     He made friends with Oliver after establishing that they shared a lot in common. "We were partners on the basketball court, and we both like U.S. President Obama," he says.     In the past four years, about 400 students from Fangcaodi International School have traveled abroad and more than 3,000 others had contact with foreign peers, says Yang Yuan, a teacher at the school. "Our children have shown strong interest in knowing more about the rest of the world."     "For toddlers, smiles and eye contact are enough to initiate friendship," says Cindy Li, a teacher at the SMIC School and Kindergarten in Shanghai, which has 1,800 students from 22 countries and regions, and about 100 foreign teachers.     Respect for other cultures and smashing stereotypes are crucial steps for nurturing open minds in children, says Professor Shi Jinghuan.     Understanding, respect and tolerance can cement friendships between children from all ethnic groups, says Shi.     "Children should know that being different isn't bad."

BEIJING, Oct. 31 (Xinhua) -- China's top legislature closed Saturday its five-day bimonthly meeting, adopted a law on diplomatic personnel and appointed a new minister of education.     The legislation, aiming to enhance diplomatic personnel management, is the first of its kind to regulate Chinese government agents working in the 171 countries with which China has diplomatic ties.     Top legislator Wu Bangguo said the law clarified diplomats' duties and obligations as well as titles and ranks, which was "conducive to the implementation of the country's independent foreign policy."     Wu presided over the 11th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC), the top legislature.     The session also deliberated a draft amendment to the Electoral Law, which was enacted in 1953. Lawmakers considered granting equal representation in people's congresses to rural and urban people. Wu Bangguo, chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress (NPC), the country's top legislature, presides over the closing meeting of the 11th meeting of the 11th NPC Standing Committee, in Beijing, Oct. 31, 2009. Wu delivered a speech at the meetingThe draft amendment echoed Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee General Secretary Hu Jintao, who proposed in a report to the 17th CPC National Congress in October 2007 that rural and urban areas should have equal rights in election of lawmakers.     Wu said the revision was in line with the spirit of the 17th Party congress and the conditions of the country's economic and social development.     It ensured equal representation among people, regions and ethnic groups.     He said the draft amendment to the Electoral Law would be submitted to a bimonthly session in December and a NPC plenary session in March next year for a second and third reading.     Wu also reviewed the NPC's supervisory work this year, especially on the 4-trillion-yuan, two-year stimulus package announced by the central government last November to revive the economy during a global economic slowdown.     The meeting also announced the appointment of two senior officials.     Yuan Guiren, in replacement of Zhou Ji, was appointed minister of education.     Li Xiaofeng was appointed chief procurator of the military procuratorate under the People's Liberation Army to replace Gao Laifu.     At the session, lawmakers also ratified a bilateral treaty on civil and commercial judicial assistance with Brazil.

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BEIJING, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao said here on Tuesday that the key to Sino-U.S. relations was to mutually respect and accomodate each other's core interests and major concerns while differences from different national conditions were normal.     "The China-U.S. relations are very important. Maintaining and promoting such ties is a shared responsibility of both sides," Hu told reporters here after meeting visiting U.S. President Barack Obama.     China is ready to work together with the United States to push forward the continuous, healthy and stable development of Sino-U.S. relations to better serve the interests of the two peoples and the people around the world, said the Chinese leader.     Hu said that the two sides have reaffirmed the "cardinal principle" of "mutually respecting national sovereignty and territorial integrity" and voiced opposition to any attempt by any force that violates this principle.     He said that China appreciates President Obama's support for the one-China policy and the three Sino-U.S. joint communiques, and his respect for China's national sovereignty and territorial integrity on the Taiwan issue and other matters.     "We have both agreed to conduct dialogues and exchanges on issues including human rights and religion, in the spirit of equality, mutual respect and non-interference in each other's internal affairs, so as to boost understanding, mitigate differences and broaden consensus," Hu said. 

BEIJING, Dec. 30 (Xinhua) -- China is making concrete steps in pushing forward with its low-carbon economy by curbing overcapacity on one hand and boosting strategic emerging industries on the other.     CURBING OVERCAPACITY     At a press conference held here on Wednesday, Li Ningning, a senior official from the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the country's top economic planner, said the overcapacity problem in a few industrial sectors such as coal chemical industry and vitamin C must be tackled.     China is the biggest producer of coal chemical industry. From January to November this year, China produced 314 million tons of coke, up 8.2 percent year on year, Li said.     In 2009, production capacity of coke expanded by 30 million tons while the export down 96 percent from a year earlier to 480,000 tons. Utilization rate of the capacity was 80 percent in 2008, he said.     "China is a country comparatively rich of coal while lack of oil and gas, the mature technology and low investment threshold in the coal chemical industry seems conducive to the investment," said Li.     Restructuring of the coal chemical industry involves in eliminating outdated coal chemical production capacity, supporting technological innovations and strengthening policy guidance, according to Yuan Longhua, an official from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.     Wang Jian, secretary general of China Society of Macroeconomics, had said in an article published by the Xinhua-run Outlook Weekly that 17 industries in China were faced with excessive capacity in 2008, rising from 11 in 2005. And the number of industries with excessive capacity is still rising, Wang added.     Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao told Xinhua on Sunday that overcapacity was a result of the long-existing problem of an imbalanced economic structure in China.     "To resolve the problem of overcapacity, the most important thing is to take economic, environmental, legal and, if necessary, administrative measures to eliminate backward capacity and, in particular, restrict the development of energy-consuming and polluting industries with excess capacity," Wen said.     BOOSTING LOW-EMISSION INDUSTRIES     Also at the press conference on Wednesday, Shi Lishan, another official with the NDRC, said the government needed to guide the development of high-tech industries such as wind and solar power equipment manufacturing as China rushed to build a low-carbon economy.     Earlier this month, Premier Wen had listed seven high-tech emerging industries as new energy, energy-saving and environmental protection, electric vehicles, new materials, information industry, new medicine and pharmacology, as well as biological breeding.     Development of emerging high-tech industries could not only bring about a low-carbon economy, but also help China tide over the financial crisis.     "The key to conquer the global economic crisis lies in people's wisdom and the power of science and technology," Wen said.     Boosting low-carbon technologies was crucial for the transformation of the nation's economy, Wen said.     New energy, energy-saving, environmental protection and electric vehicles industries were on the government's priorities among the seven emerging industries that needed particular attention.     By the end of 2008, China's energy-saving and environmental protection industries totalled 1.55 trillion yuan (227 billion U.S. dollars), accounting for 5.17 percent of the country's GDP, according to the NDRC.     He Bingguang, another NDRC official, forecast at a forum on the low-carbon economy held in Beijing last week that due to government policies the two industries would account for 7 to 8 percent of China's gross domestic product (GDP) by 2015.     In fact, financing of low-carbon industries has been part of the government's stimulus package.     Liu Mingkang, chairman of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, said that Chinese banks would continue to play positive roles in energy conservation and environmental protection, as well as helping adjusting the economy's structure.     "Banks should be part of the concerted efforts to make a low-carbon economy," he said at a financial forum here last week.     Liu said to control risks, banks should create more low-carbon financial products to benefit the "green economy".     Besides shutting down high emission enterprises, environmental experts have predicted increased investment on technological innovation, energy-saving and environmental protection, especially in the field of new energy.     China would stand on its own feet to develop low-carbon technologies, predicted Jin Jiaman, head of the Global Environmental Institute.     "China must develop in a low-carbon way not just to be part of the global trend but rather because it's an inevitable choice given the current economic conditions and future prospects," Jin said.

BEIJING, Oct. 23 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang on Friday urged geologists to make full use of the country's rich resources and explore new energy in innovative ways.     "Geological work makes the basic and pioneer industry for economic and social development and it affects the country's overall modernization... We should mainly depend on our own power to increase energy supply," said Li at the ceremony for the country's top geological science awards.     A total of 14 geologists from the geological exploration, research and education fields received the 11th Li Siguang Geological Science Award. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (R) meets with winners of the Li Siguang Geological Science Award in Beijing, capital of China, on Oct. 23, 2009The award is named after China's leading geologist Li Siguang, founder of China's geomechanics.     Oct. 26 marks the 120th anniversary of Li Siguang, whose research led to the discovery of China's major natural gas and oilfields.     Li Keqiang said geologists, especially those doing fieldwork, shoulder arduous missions and suffer tough outdoor conditions.     He urged related organizations to take care of their life and work and create favorable environment for the innovation in geological science and technology.

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BEIJING, Jan. 7 -- China's central bank Wednesday said it will manage inflation expectations and keep a close watch on the property market through its credit and money supply policies.     In a statement on its website, the People's Bank of China (PBOC) said it would try to maintain ample liquidity in the financial system, and ask banks to lend more evenly, while strictly implementing credit policies in the property sector.     The nation will also take steps to rein in fast-rising property prices and strengthen credit controls for the sector, according to Housing and Urban-Rural Development Minister Jiang Weixin. A customer checking out a model of a real estate project in Shenzhen, Guangdong province. Property prices in China's 70 major cities rose at the fastest pace in 16 months in November    "We should scrap or adjust local property policies launched last year that no longer comply with the current macroeconomic goals," Jiang said.     According to Dong Chen, director of the research institute of Southwest Securities, the government moves on real estate policies indicate that while policymakers are striving to cement the economic rebound, they are also serious in curbing the excessive liquidity in the financial system to allay fears of asset bubbles and inflation.     Property prices in China's 70 major cities rose at the fastest pace in 16 months in November, fueling concern that record lending and inflows of capital from abroad are building up asset bubbles.     "Credit policy is the key to curb the rising property prices, as it would have a direct impact on transaction volumes," said Su Xuejing, an analyst with Changjiang Securities.     "We anticipate more policy tightening in the future like increasing the down payment and mortgage rates for second-home buyers," he said.     Shanghai Securities News said on Tuesday that the government plans to expand trials of a real estate tax, citing an unidentified person close to the State Administration of Taxation.     The anticipated policy changes have also affected the capital market performance of leading realtors. Shares of China Vanke Co, the country's largest listed property developer, have fallen more than 12 percent in the past month on concerns that the measures to cool the property market would impact earnings. Poly Real Estate Group Co, the second largest real estate firm, also saw its shares fall to a four-month low.     Meanwhile, a report from UK real estate service provider Savills said that the tighter credit policies and soaring realty prices have spurred property sales by international investors. Many of the investors had acquired the properties several years back and have been able to get handsome returns now, it said.     "Sales by foreign investors increased from 7 percent in 2008 to 20 percent in 2009," said the report.

BEIJING, Nov. 24 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang on Tuesday called for more efforts to optimize land use in order to save resources and further economic restructuring.     Li made the remarks during an inspection to the Ministry of Land and Resources (MLR). As the most populous country in the world, China has been faced with shortages of land, water, energy and minerals, and the shortages were worsened by rapid economic growth, he said. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (2nd R) inspects the Ministry of Land and Resources in Beijing, Nov. 24, 2009.    Li stressed strict control on land use for the construction of high energy consuming and polluting projects, projects with excessive capacity as well as duplication of similar projects.     China started its second nationwide land census in June, 2007. The MLR said the census was going smoothly and had collected preliminary data from local authorities. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang inspects the Ministry of Land and Resources in Beijing, Nov. 24, 2009.

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BEIJING, Dec. 9 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government reiterated Wednesday that to spur "sustainable and fast consumer spending" will be a priority next year, as the world's third-largest economy seeks to break from dependence on export and government pump-priming to drive post-crisis growth.     The government will continue to raise the earnings of the middle and low income groups to boost consumer spending, said a senior official with the nation's top economic planning body.     The government will step up research on optimization the income distribution mechanism to improve residents' purchasing power, Zhang Ping, minister in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), made the remarks at a national meeting charting the ministry's work in 2010.     The rare official stance on improving income distribution echoed the unanimous call from experts and the general public to bridge the yawning wealth gap between the rich and poor, which underlined the government's resolution to address the simmering social conflicts and the urgency to rebalance economic growth.     Zhang said the government will exert more efforts to sort out problems that have close bearing on public interests and ensure that all public members share the fruits of the development and reform, so as to safeguard social harmony and stability.     In concrete, the government will raise the pensions for enterprise retirees and improve treatment for those who enjoy special care. Local education, cultural and health-care facilities will also receive greater subsidy for expansion.     To revive the economic growth which lapsed to a decade low amid the global financial crisis, Chinese government unveiled a 4-trillion-yuan stimulus package, which was led by government investment, to counter falling exports, the driving force of the Chinese economy before the crisis took a toll.     As a result, as the GDP growth accelerated to 8.9 percent in the third quarter, investment contributed 7.3 percentage points while consumption devoted 4 percentage points.     "As the Chinese authorities have recognized that the rapid pace of recovery has exacerbated some of the economy structural imbalances, the authorities will focus on rebalancing growth, primarily by supporting consumption and private investment, with many consumer incentives to be carried out in 2010," said Jing Ulrich, managing director and chairman of China Equities and Commodities of J.P. Morgan.     Also on Wednesday, the State Council, or cabinet, decided to renew the preferential policies introduced early this year to boost car and home appliance sales.     "While investment growth should be managed at a reasonable pace, consumer spending should maintain sustainable and relatively fast expansion," Zhang said.     As investment binge and runaway bank lending prompted fears for asset bubble, Zhang said the government will step up efforts to curb speculative property transaction, and provide more affordable housing to middle and low income families.

MACAO, Dec. 20 (Xinhua) -- The celebration gathering marking the10th anniversary of Macao's return to the motherland and the inauguration of the third-term government of the Macao Special Administrative Region (SAR) were held here Sunday.     President Hu Jintao, who is also general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (CPC) of China and chairman of the Central Military Commission, attended the ceremony, where Macao SAR Chief Executive Fernando Chui Sai On and principal officials of the SAR government were sworn in. The celebration gathering marking the10th anniversary of Macao's return to the motherland and the inauguration of the third-term government of the Macao Special Administrative Region (SAR) were held Sunday    Fernando Chui went to the podium first to take his oath solemnly, administered by Hu.     Principal officials of the third-term SAR government and members of Macao's executive Council also took their oaths.