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BEIJING, Feb. 3 (Xinhua) -- China has decided to start public hospital reform with pilot programs in selected cities or districts in each province, autonomous region and municipality, according to a cabinet guideline passed Wednesday.The guideline on public hospital reform was discussed and approved by an executive meeting of the State Council chaired by Premier Wen Jiabao.The public hospital reform is aimed to establish a reasonable, effective and optimized medical service system, and to fully motivate all medical workers to provide the public with safe, effective, convenient and affordable medical services, according to a statement issued after the meeting.It was stressed at the meeting that public hospitals must retain its orientation of serving public interests and giving top priority to people's health.According to the statement, a coordination mechanism should be established between big public hospitals and grassroots medical service institutions so that they could cooperate with each other with proper division of labor.The management system of public hospitals should also be reformed so that operation and supervision of the hospitals are conducted separately, it said.The quality of public hospitals' medical services should be improved, whereas their incentive mechanism of income distribution should be perfected, the statement said.Public hospitals should also gradually quit profiting from drugs and rely on medical service charges and government subsidies.The guideline also encourages non-governmental sectors to invest in and set up non-profit hospitals.

BEIJING, March 12 (Xinhua) -- China's central bank said Friday a stronger yuan offers no help for solving the Sino-U.S. trade imbalance problem, and China opposes politicizing yuan's appreciation.Su Ning, vice governor of the People's Bank of China, made the comments a day after U.S. President Barack Obama told the U.S. Export-Import Bank's annual conference that a more market-oriented exchange rate of yuan will make an essential contribution to global rebalancing efforts."We do not think a country should rely others to solve its own problems," Su, a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) National Committee, said on the sidelines of the top political advisory body's annual session.The U.S. Department of Commerce said on March 11 that the U.S. trade deficit with China increased to 18.3 billion U.S. dollars in January from 18.14 billion U.S. dollars in December. The increase renewed the U.S. call for a stronger yuan as it claimed the current exchange rate gives Chinese goods unfair price advantages.Su said although yuan has gained more than 20 percent since it depegged the U.S. dollars in June 2005, China's trade surplus tripled from 100 billion U.S. dollars in 2004 to nearly 300 billion U.S. dollars in 2008.In addition, he argued, a weaker U.S. dollar does not help cut the U.S. deficit. As the U.S. dollar depreciated by 3 percent annually in average between 2002 and 2008, its deficit soared from 500 billion U.S. dollars to 900 billion U.S. dollars, Su said.Tan Yaling, a financial researcher with Peking University, said as nations have different roles in international trade and differ in resources, what they produce, consume and want can be very different."It is unfair that the United States, on the one hand, consumes cheap Chinese goods, while on the other hand, it blames the low prices for causing their domestic job losses," she said.The Obama administration's continuous calls for a stronger yuan is actually aimed at diverting attentions from its domestic woes, experts said.To grapple with high unemployment rate and uncertain recovery prospects, Obama has to do something on job promotion to secure victory in the mid-term election in November this year, said Chen Zhiwu, a financial professor with Yale University.To curb soaring unemployment and boost growth, Obama has announced a special task force on a mission of doubling the U.S. exports in five years, as he said the U.S. can not "stand on the sidelines," as other countries are busy negotiating trade deals.Cheng Enfu, a deputy to the National People' s Congress (NPC), China' s top legislature, said the consistent pressure from the United States is simply because of its pursuit of national interests."Over-fast appreciation of yuan does no good to the global economic recovery which is still fragile and uncertain," he said.Zhu Yuchen, also an NPC deputy, said as China plays a leading role in global economic recovery, any drastic policy change will not only impair China's economy, but also the global recovery, which is not a responsible way.President Obama's remarks also came a month ahead of a semiannual Treasury Department report that could label China as a currency manipulator.Premier Wen Jiabao said in the government work report delivered to the NPC on March 5 that China will keep the yuan "basically stable" at an "appropriate and balanced" level.HEFTY SURPLUS, BUT SLIM PROFITSAlthough China has accumulated massive trade surplus over the past decades, that does not indicate the same profits, as more than half of China's exporters are foreign invested, lawmakers said.Figures released by the Ministry of Commerce showed 55.2 percent of China's foreign trade was completed by foreign-invested businesses last year. And 56 percent of the exports were done by foreign companies in China.Cheng Enfu said China only pockets paper-thin profits from the very end of the manufacturing chain, or processing and assembling work. However, the United States earn handsome profits from designing and distribution.According to a study by researchers of the University of California, of the 299 U.S. dollars retail value of a 30-gigabyte video iPod in the United States, 163 U.S. dollars is captured by American companies and workers, and 132 U.S. dollars go to parts makers in other Asian countries, while the final assembly, done in China, cost only about 4 U.S. dollars a unit."Even though Chinese workers contribute only about 1 percent of the value of the iPod, the export of a finished iPod to the United States directly contributes about 150 U.S. dollars to our bilateral trade deficit with the Chinese," Hal R. Varian, a professor of the University of California at Berkeley, wrote on the New York Times on June 28, 2007.Cheng Enfu noted it needs to upgrade exports product mix to fundamentally reverse China's disadvantages. That is, to export more profitable self-innovative products, rather than labor-intensive processing goods.

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BEIJING, Feb. 7 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said Sunday that China-Japan ties are at a crucial stage, urging the two countries to enhance mutual trust and step up dialogue and cooperation in all spheres."In the first decade of this century, China and Japan have taken an important step towards the goal of a strategic and mutually beneficial relationship after undergoing twists and turns," said Wen in his congratulatory letter to a meeting on China-Japan friendship.The first meeting of the fifth 21st Century Committee for China-Japan Friendship, an advisory body for the two governments, opened in Beijing on Sunday to discuss various dimensions of China-Japan relations and provide policy suggestions to the two governments.The committee, with Tang Jiaxuan, a former state councilor, and Taizo Nishimuro, Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE) president, as chairs of the two sides, is holding a three-day meeting."At the crucial stage of bilateral relations, I hope the members from both sides will work closely and come up with valuable suggestions to contribute to the long-term friendship and common prosperity," Wen said.The relations between China and Japan, two important neighboring countries in Asia, have seen stable development since Japanese Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama took office last September.Wen said the cooperation between China and Japan will "not only benefit both countries and Asia at large, but also exert positive and profound impact on world political and economic structure" in the face of complex international situation and many grave challenges.Hatoyama in his congratulatory letter also urged the two countries to beef up understanding and cooperation to build comprehensively their strategic and reciprocal relations.In his keynote speech at the meeting, Tang Jiaxuan made four proposals on advancing bilateral ties.Tang proposed that the two countries continue to foster strategic mutual trust, work on the economic relations by highlighting cooperation in environmental protection, low-carbon economy and high-tech, boost cultural exchanges and enhance coordination in international and regional affairs.He said China-Japan relations still face some problems and challenges that can't be neglected, noting that their political mutual-trust needs to be promoted, their national feelings towards each other need to be improved and some sensitive issues need to be properly handled.Taizo Nishimuro also made proposals including enhancing political mutual trust, promoting trade liberalization, encouraging cultural exchanges and promoting Asian regional cooperation and world peace.

BEIJING, March 16 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang Tuesday urged greater efforts should be made to expand medical reform this year.At a meeting of the leading group for furthering medical reform under the State Council, Li said to advance reform and development of medicine and health care cause, priority of work should go to establishment of a basic health care service system accessible to all and improvement of health care service at grassroots level.A good job should be done in basic health care insurance this year, with a goal of achieving notable increases in the numbers of urban workers and other residents taking out medical insurance policies. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (3rd R), presides over a meeting on deepening the country's medical reform in Beijing, capital of China, March 16, 2010"Great efforts should be made to encourage those working with economic organizations of non-public ownership, college undergraduates, self-employed people, and migrant workers to participate in the medical insurance program, while stabilizing the rate of participation in rural health care cooperative system well beyond 90 percent," said Li.The vice premier also promised to raise per capita subsidy by the government for basic health care insurance takers and participants in rural medical cooperatives to 120 yuan (17.64 U.Dollars).Li demanded not less than 60 percent of grassroots health institutions should use medicines on the essential drug list, urging authorities to take measures to reduce the prices of overpriced medicines.He also emphasized the importance of continuing to carry out major public health service programs, such as inoculation of 21 million children with Hepatitis B vaccines."It is also imperative to implement a plan nationwide for building a grassroots team of medical and health care workers, with training of general practitioners as the focus," said Li, who also set a target of training 60,000 general practitioners in three years.While urging efforts to improve long-term aiding ties among some 3,000 hospitals, Li said the reform at public hospitals should also be expanded and a good job should be done in experimental centers in 16 chosen cities.The vice premier also stressed need to encourage and guide social forces to build medical establishments.Li also asked government departments to strengthen leadership and provide financial support for the medical reform.

BEIJING, Jan. 21 (Xinhua) -- China said Thursday it would consider more assistance to quake-hit Haiti and hoped the United Nations could coordinate the post-quake reconstruction."We will continue to make every effort to participate in disaster relief and reconstruction," said Foreign Ministry spokesman Ma Zhaoxu at a regular news briefing.After a 7.3-magnitude earthquake devastated Haiti on Jan.12, China sent a 60-strong search and rescue team to Port-Au-Prince, capital of the Caribbean nation, and the Red Cross Society of China donated 1 million U.S. dollars in emergency aid.China also decided to send emergency humanitarian aid worth 30 million yuan (4.41 million U.S. dollars) to Haiti.Ma said the reconstruction would be arduous and the United Nations should give full play to its advantage by guiding and coordinating aid efforts from all sides."China supports the United Nations playing its due role in time to ensure an early launch of reconstruction," said Ma.Ma said whether China would send peace-keeping troops to Haiti would rest on UN arrangements.The UN Security Council endorsed Tuesday a proposal to send 3,500 more peacekeepers to Haiti to support "the immediate recovery, reconstruction and stability efforts."Eight Chinese peacekeeping police officers were killed in the quake. Four of them were officers of China's 125-member peacekeeping force in Haiti, and the rest were part of a team sent by the Ministry of Public Security to Haiti for peacekeeping consultations.China has sent four extra peace-keeping police officers to Haiti."We hope relevant countries could continue to enhance coordination and make joint efforts to help the Haitian people overcome difficulties and rebuild their homes at an early date," said Ma.

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BEIJING, March 14 (Xinhua) -- China's parliament, the National People's Congress (NPC), adopted here Sunday the amendment to the Electoral Law, which grants equal representation in legislative bodies to rural and urban people.Lawmakers applauded after NPC Standing Committee Chairman Wu Bangguo announced that the amendment was approved with 2,747 votes from the 2,909 NPC deputies present at the closing meeting.The amendment is regarded as part of China's efforts to narrow the urban-rural gap. It requires "both rural and urban areas adopt the same ratio of deputies to the represented population in elections of people's congress deputies."Wang Zhaoguo, vice chairman of the NPC Standing Committee, said the law provides legal guarantees for elections of deputies to people's congresses, the country's fundamental political system, as well as citizens' right to vote and the right to stand for election.The Third Session of the 11th National People's Congress holds its closing meeting at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, March 14, 2010.After the last amendment in 1995, the law stipulated that each rural deputy represented a population four times that of an urban deputy. Critics said this could be interpreted as "farmers only enjoy a quarter of the suffrage of their urban counterparts."Before the amendment in 1995, the difference was eight times."Such stipulations were absolutely necessary and conformed with China's political system and the particular situation at that time," Wang said.According to the 1953 national census, the urban population made up only about 13 percent. The rural population was much more than that of cities at that time and an equal ratio of rural and urban representation would have meant an excessive number of rural deputies.With rapid urbanization and rural economic development, the proportion of urban population increased to 46.6 percent last year, he said, adding people's congresses at all levels have gone through many terms of elections, accumulating abundant experience."The time is right for equal representation," which is conducive to expand democracy, he said.Wang said the amendment ensures "equal representation among people, regions and ethnic groups."The amendment adds stipulations such as "organizing more face-to-face contacts between candidates and electors to allow deputy candidates to introduce themselves and answer voters' questions."It says the setup of polling stations, convening election congress and the management of mobile polling boxes should be further standardized and improved.It also suggests to set up "confidential polling booths" to root out bribery in elections.Violence, threats, corruption and other acts that disrupts elections should be investigated and punished, it says.The number of deputies to the NPC is limited within 3,000, and the distribution of the NPC deputies is decided by the NPC Standing Committee, according to the law

MOSCOW, March 23 (Xinhua) -- The Sino-Russian relations of strategic cooperation and partnership have become the most important, most vigorous and richest ties between the two major powers, Chinese Vice-President Xi Jinping said here on Tuesday.At a meeting with Prime Minister Vladimir Putin, Xi conveyed sincere greetings from Chinese President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao to the Russian leader.The Sino-Russian relations have always been a priority of China's foreign policy. To boost a sound and stable development of the Sino-Russian relations of strategic cooperation and partnership have been an established guideline of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Chinese government, Xi said.China stands ready to step up mutual support on issues concerning both sides' core and strategic interests, exploit complementary advantages, jointly promote a multi-polar world and the democratization of international relations and elevate bilateral ties to a new stage, the Chinese vice-president said. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (R) meets with Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin in Moscow, capital of Russia, March 23, 2010.Xi hoped the two countries will further their coordination on economic development strategies, deepen energy cooperation and improve the quality and level of economic and trade cooperation.He called for further implementation of major consensus on interregional cooperation reached by the two countries' leaders and increased people-to-people exchanges against the backdrop of the "Year of Chinese Language" in Russia this year.

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MOSCOW, March 24 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government will firmly adhere to the policy of developing a strategic partnership of cooperation with Russia, said visiting Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping here on Wednesday.Meeting with Russian President Dmitry Medvedev on Wednesday, Xi said China is ready to continuously enhance mutual political trust and advance pragmatic cooperation with Russia, safeguard the collective interest of both countries, and help promote world peace and stability.Last year witnessed the celebration of the 60th anniversary of diplomatic ties between China and Russia, as well as the hosting of the "Year of Russian language" in China, which brought about new breakthroughs in the Sino-Russian strategic partnership of cooperation, Xi noted. Visiting Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (R) shakes hands with Russian President Dmitry Medvedev during their meeting in Moscow, Russia, March 24, 2010Despite some impact on bilateral trade by the global economic crisis, the quality of bilateral economic cooperation has improved, with trade structure optimized and significant progress achieved in energy sector cooperation, he added."The close interaction and coordination in international and regional affairs between the two countries, the proper handling of common challenges in the complex international situation, and the efficient collaboration on major global and regional issues have safeguarded our collective interest and played an important role in promoting world peace and development," said Xi.After 60 years of development, the relationship between China and Russia now stands at a new historical starting point, said the Chinese leader.This year the two countries will have frequent high-level exchanges, with their leaders holding a series of bilateral and multilateral talks on several important occasions, he said.He expressed belief that such frequent interactions will definitely help further enhance mutual political trust and consolidate the strategic partnership of cooperation.Medvedev, for his part, thanked his Chinese counterpart Hu Jintao for inviting some 1,000 Russian youngsters to Chinese summer camps this year.Russia was satisfied with the current development of the Russia- China strategic partnership of cooperation, said Medvedev, who also spoke highly of Xi's visit to the frontier regions of Russia and presence at the opening ceremony of the "Year of Chinese Language" in Russia.Xi's visit has demonstrated China's political will to strengthen regional cooperation and cultural exchange with Russia, and will sure help promote the development of bilateral relations, said the Russian leader.Russia hopes to expand cooperation with China under new circumstances, and the two countries should enhance coordination in global and regional affairs, jointly promoting diplomatic solutions to hotspot issues, said Medvedev.Xi, who arrived in Belarus later on Wednesday, is on a 12-day, four-nation tour that will also take him to Finland and Sweden.

BEIJING, March 7 (Xinhua) -- Drought had affected 61.31 million Mu (4.09 million hectares) of farmland in southwestern China as of March 5, according to the latest figure from the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA).About half of the affected, or 32.95 million Mu (2.20 million hectares), was seriously damaged, according to the MOA.The affected acreage was in Yunnan Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guizhou Province, Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality.The areas contributed to about 16 percent of the country's annual grain output, and thus were important to the country's overall grain output, according to the MOA.