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BEIJING, June 11 (Xinhua) -- China's Central Authorities have launched a new round of campaign to crack down on "small coffers" illegally held in the hands of Party and government organizations at different levels.     This year, Party and government departments that completely rely on the budgetary funds are the first to carry out the work and later, the campaign will involve all nongovernmental organizations, state-run companies, and state-held companies, in a step-by-step way, says a document recently issued by the General Offices of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and the State Council.     The document, known as "Directions on Deepening the Crackdown of Small Exchequers", criticized the illegal phenomenon, emphasizing that in some areas and departments it has occurred frequently or even seriously. "The masses have responded to it strongly," it says.     It calls these "small coffers" a "cancer" and says they must be eliminated. The illegal phenomenon has resulted in inaccuracy in accounting, disturbance in market order, losses in state income and property and corruption, according to the circular.     It encourages all units concerned to check the problem by themselves and those that pretend to do so will be punished. It pledges to punish those who try to boycott the campaign or retaliate the tippers.     Those that are involving huge sum of the illegal treasuries or criminal activities will be handed over to judicial departments in accordance with law, according to the document.     The Central Authorities have set up a special leading group with members from the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee, the Ministry of Supervision, the Ministry of Finance, and the State Auditing Administration.     In the late 1990s, the Chinese Authorities conducted the first round of auditing and cracking down on "small coffers" throughout the country.

BEIJING, June 8 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang met with U.S. special envoy for climate change Todd Stern on Monday, calling for more dialogues and substantial cooperation with the United States on climate change.     "China has noticed the change of the U.S. government on climate change as well as the positive measures it has taken," Li told Stern during their meeting in the Great Hall of the People.     To strengthen dialogue and cooperation between the two countries helps the growth of China-U.S. ties and benefits the international cooperation to fight against climate change, the vice premier said. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (1st R) meets with Todd Stern, U.S. special envoy for climate change, at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, on June 8, 2009.    Stern said his country is ready to enhance dialogue and cooperation in energy, environment and climate change areas and work closely for the success of the Copenhagen Conference at the end of this year.     A new protocol was expected to be born in Copenhagen by the end of this year to replace the Kyoto Protocol to prevent global warming and climate change.     Li said China approves the fulfillment of the Bali Roadmap as the key mission of the Copenhagen Conference, and also approves promoting the implementation of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol in a comprehensive, efficient and consistent way.     China would like to maintain the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities" among developed and developing countries, actively participate in negotiations and play a constructive role to promote positive results from the conference, Li added.     Stern expressed appreciation for China's achievements in recent years in fighting climate change.     Li told the guest the Chinese government promotes sustainable development amidst efforts to address climate change, with conserving energy and protecting the environment as its national strategy.

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ROME, July 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao arrived here Sunday for a state visit, and he will attend the outreach session of the Group of Eight (G8) summit scheduled for Thursday in the central Italian city of L'aquila.     In a statement released upon his arrival at the Fiumicino Airport in Rome, Hu said he is very glad to come to this beautiful country for a state visit at the invitation of Italian President Giorgio Napolitano. Chinese President Hu Jintao (C) is welcomed by an Italian official upon his arrival at Rome, Italy, July 5, 2009. Hu started a state visit to Italy on Sunday. Hu will also attend the outreach session of the Group of Eight (G8) summit scheduled for July 9th in the central Italian city of L'Aquila."I believe that under joint effort of both sides, this visit will be a total success and help advance the all-round strategic partnership between China and Italy to a new stage," Hu said in the statement.     Noting both China and Italy are countries with a long history of civilization, Hu said the two peoples enjoy a long-standing friendship.     "China places great importance on expanding relations with Italy," Hu said, adding China is ready to join effort with Italy to bring in an even brighter future of bilateral relations. Chinese President Hu Jintao is greeted by a girl upon his arrival at Rome, Italy, July 5, 2009. Hu started a state visit to Italy on Sunday. Hu will also attend the outreach session of the Group of Eight (G8) summit scheduled for July 9th in the central Italian city of L'Aquila.In Rome, President Hu will meet President Napolitano, Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi and other Italian leaders to discuss the development of bilateral cooperation.     In recent years, the all-round strategic partnership between China and Italy has witnessed continuous development as political mutual trust has become deeper and deeper, and cooperation and exchanges in various fields have expanded rapidly. Chinese President Hu Jintao (L, front) waves upon his arrival at Rome, Italy, July 5, 2009. Hu started a state visit to Italy on Sunday. Hu will also attend the outreach session of the Group of Eight (G8) summit scheduled for July 9th in the central Italian city of L'AquilaThe two countries have maintained close coordination on world affairs and expanded people-to-people exchanges and cultural cooperation.     China is now Italy's important trading partner with the two-way trade totaling 38.2 billion U.S. dollars in 2008 despite the slowdown of the global economy.     The two countries have also expanded cooperation in the sectors of economy, culture, science and environmental protection in recent years.     In L'aquila, the Chinese president will attend the outreach session of the G8 summit and other meetings.     According to Italy, the host of the 35th G8 summit, leaders from the G8 and major developing countries will hold talks from Wednesday to Friday on the world economy, the financial crisis, climate change, food security, trade and development.     President Hu will attend a group meeting Wednesday with leaders from India, Brazil, South Africa and Mexico. They are expected to exchange views on the issues of common concern.     At the outreach session of the G8 summit Thursday, leaders of the G8 nations, China, India, Brazil, South Africa and Mexico, and Egypt, a special guest of the Italian president, will discuss a number of pressing issues, such as the world economy, the financial crisis, and international trade.     This is the sixth time that the Chinese president has attended the G8 outreach session. The previous one took place in the northern Japanese resort of Toyako last July.     The G8, an informal forum of leading industrialized nations, groups Germany, France, Britain, Italy, Japan, the United States, Canada and Russia.     President Hu will also attend the Major Economies Forum (MEF) on energy security and climate change Thursday.     Italian Prime Minister Berlusconi described the forum in L'aquila as a "crucial step in the preparatory work paving the way for the UN conference in Copenhagen this December."     On Friday, President Hu will join discussions with leaders of the G8, Brazil, India, South Africa, Mexico and a group of African nations on aid, food security and progress toward the Millennium Development Goals.     China expects the outreach session will give "a strong signal for further cooperation on tackling the financial crisis on the basis of the G20 summits," said Chinese Vice Foreign Minister He Yafei at a press briefing last week.     "We expect the meeting will help to raise concern on the impact of the global downturn on development issues and food security, especially in African countries," He said.     On the sidelines of the G8 outreach session, President Hu is expected to meet some leaders participating in the event, including U.S. President Barack Obama, to discuss bilateral ties and the international issues of common concern.     Hu and Obama met for the first time on April 1 to discuss bilateral ties, the ongoing global financial storm and other major issues of common concern when they were attending a Group of 20 summit on the financial crisis in London.     The G8 has strengthened links and dialogue with developing countries in recent years. Such a trend has helped advance the South-North dialogue and cooperation, push forward the development of multilateralism, and promote the resolution of global issues.     Italian Prime Minister Berlusconi decided to move the venue of G8 summit from the island of Sardinia to L'aquila, where an earthquake on April 6 killed 295 people and left over 60,000 people homeless.     The Italian government hopes the shift of the summit venue could attract more attention to the plight of the victims in L'aquila and help the devastated city's reconstruction.     Since the end of last year, President Hu has attended a series of major international conferences on the financial crisis and other major issues.     He participated in the annual summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the first meeting of BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China) leaders in Russia's Ural city of Yekaterinburg in June.     He was present at the G20 financial summit in London in the beginning of April.     The Chinese president and other leaders from the G20 members also gathered in Washington for a summit on the financial crisis on Nov. 15 last year.     Days later, Hu flew after a Cuba visit to Peru to attend the Economic Leaders' Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Cooperation Organization (APEC) on regional economic issues and the financial crisis.     Other Chinese leaders including Premier Wen Jiabao have also participated in several international conferences to seek joint actions with other countries to deal with the crisis.     Premier Wen stressed confidence, cooperation and responsibility as a key to overcoming the financial storm at the World Economic Forum's annual meeting in the Swiss skiing resort of Davos in January.

ROME, May 21 (Xinhua) -- China's top legislator Wu Bangguo met with Italian President Giorgio Napolitano here on Thursday afternoon, and the two leaders exchanged views on how to address the current global financial crisis.     Wu, chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), the top Chinese legislature, said China is positive about the results of the London G20 summit and appreciates the efficient efforts that Italy has made in preparation for the dialogue meeting between the leaders of G20 countries and five major developing countries (8+5 dialogue). Wu Bangguo (L), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of China, talks with Italian President Giorgio Napolitano in Rome, May 21, 2009.     Wu emphasized that against the background that the financial crisis continues to spread in the world, the international community should strengthen cooperation by implementing the consensus of the G20 summit, curbing the slide of economy and opposing protectionism. In the meantime, the international community should push forward reform of the international financial system and establish a new order of world economy.     Napolitano agreed with Wu's comment, saying that the global impact of financial crisis proved the increasingly close links among different economies. He said global challenges call for a globalized resolution. Italy is ready to strengthen cooperation with China and other developing countries at the 8+5 dialogue.     Napolitano stressed that Italy will join hands with China to firmly oppose trade protectionism and address the international financial crisis.     On China-EU relations, Wu said a strong Europe and a developing China share broad common interest and can contribute to world peace and development. He said China supports the integration process of the European Union, adding that the EU should play an active role in regional and international affairs.     Wu said China places great importance on developing relations with the EU. He expressed the wish to deepen practical cooperation in all fields and expand trade and investment. He said the two sides should carry out dialogues and communication on major issues on the basis of mutual respect of sovereignty and non-interference in each other's internal affairs.     Napolitano said as an important member of the EU, Italy is ready to play a constructive role in the regional bloc and help push for a healthy, stable development of EU-China relations.     Napolitano said China's development will not only benefit the Chinese people, but also contribute to peace and development of the world.     Wu said that China is still a developing country, with its per capita GDP ranking below 100th place in the world. He said China will continue to focus on development by working on economic restructuring and industry upgrading. China has adopted composite measures to address both current difficulties and long-term need so as to achieve all-round, balanced and sustainable development.     Wu is on an official goodwill visit to Italy.

BEIJING, July 14 (Xinhua) -- China's armed forces are raising the qualification and training levels of non-commissioned officers (NCOs) to build a professional corps with the ability to operate increasingly sophisticated weapon systems.     A reform plan unveiled by the Central Military Commission (CMC), China's top military authority, outlines the reforms which will affect the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and People's Armed Police Force (PAPF) by the end of this year.     The number of non-commissioned officers (NCO) in the PLA and PAPF would rise to almost 900,000 while the total number of personnel would remain unchanged, Yang Yangshen, an officer with the PLA's Headquarters of the General Staff, told Xinhua on Tuesday.     He said the rise would be small, but would not give the current number of NCOs.     New NCO posts would be offered to increase the strength of increasingly technology-intensive forces.     The NCOs would be given more responsibility for equipment that needed better proficiency and information skills in addition to assisting commissioned officers with basic training.     According to the plan, the PLA and PAPF would recruit more graduates with three-year college diplomas, who could better understand the operation of modern military weapons systems, rather than promote enlisted personnel.     The PLA and PAPF enlisted personnel are mainly high school graduates who finished 12 years of education.     The modernization of the PLA's weapon systems called for better qualified non-commissioned officers, said Yang.     Currently, the NCOs of the PLA and PAPF are ranked in six categories, starting from the lowest NCO level 1 up to NCO level 6.     According to the plan, the new ranks, from lowest to highest, will be corporal, sergeant, sergeant first class, master sergeant class four, master sergeant class three, master sergeant class two and master sergeant class one.     The reform also introduces a training system by which the new NCOs need to acquire technical qualifications, such as weapons repair and equipment maintenance.     All NCOs who want to be promoted will need to pass upgraded training courses and exams, according to the reform plan.     The plan mandates that the maximum service time for junior grade NCOs (corporal, sergeant) is six years and intermediate grade (sergeant first class, master sergeant class four) is eight years. The senior grade NCOs (master sergeant class three, master sergeant class two, master sergeant class one) could serve for more than 14 years.     It would also increase the basic salaries for intermediate grade NCOs and subsidies for all NCOs.     The PLA and PAPF introduced volunteer recruitment in 1978, which was the original model of the NCO system established in 1998when the revised conscription law reduced the compulsory service period of the enlisted soldiers from three to two years.

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LANZHOU, June 11 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping has called for different levels of Party and government leaders to make contributions that will bring long-term benefits and could stand up to the test of time and people's evaluation.     Xi made the call during during a four-day trip to Gansu that ended on Wednesday. Gansu is a hinterland province that was also hit by a magnitude-8.0 quake centered in southwestern Sichuan Province last May. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (R, front) talks with a villager while inspecting the post-earthquake reconstruction at Jiajiasi Village in Qinzhou District, Tianshui City of northwest China's Gansu Province, on June 8, 2009. Xi made an inspection tour in Gansu from June 7 to June 10.He asked local leaders to be hardworking, embrace frugality and passion in their work and carry forward and promote the good traditions and revolutionary spirit of the Communist Party of China (CPC).     During the trip, Xi paid visits to rural households, enterprise workshops, schools, research institutes and spent time chitchatting with farmers. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (C) visits villager Han Huaiqing at Liyuanbao Village in Huachi County, Qingyang City of northwest China's Gansu Province, on June 7, 2009. Xi made an inspection tour in Gansu from June 7 to June 10In villager Han Huaiqing's home, Xi and Han talked about the promotion of new corn planting technologies, price fluctuations of commodities, the implementation of rural medicare system and reduction of agricultural taxes.     In enterprise workshops, Xi asked about enterprise restructuring, a way adopted by local enterprises to offset the impact of the global economic downturn. He also urged efforts to help enterprises to overcome difficulties in production and operation.     In villages that were affected by the massive earthquake, Xi urged local officials to place reconstruction of the quake-battered area at the top of their agenda and called for high quality in reconstruction projects. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (C) visits the school library of Lanzhou University, in Lanzhou, capital of northwest China's Gansu Province, on June 9, 2009. Xi made an inspection tour in Gansu from June 7 to June 10.

BEIJING, May 3 (Xinhua) -- Decoupling from the world, and the economic downturn much of it is experiencing, has proven impossible for China. But its resilience is receiving more recognition, with many leading financial institutions upgrading their 2009 growth forecasts since mid-April.     The adjustments for gross domestic product (GDP) growth, ranging from 0.5 to 2.3 percentage points, were based on signs of a turnaround in the first quarter. These indicators included stronger-than-expected real GDP growth, recovering property investment, a pick-up in power consumption and a surge in bank lending.     Merrill Lynch & Co. said it expected China's GDP to grow 7.2 percent in the second quarter and 8 percent this year, while Goldman Sachs raised its projection from 6 percent to 8.3 percent, the most optimistic forecast so far. Other forecasts include UBS, which raised its estimate by 0.5 point to 7 percent and CLSA Asia-Pacific, which lifted its outlook by 1.5 point to 7 percent.     China's policymakers can take heart from these forecasts. Every upward revision, big or small, given the global economic slowdown, might point to a better chance for the nation to achieve its 8-percent growth target. That level of growth is considered necessary to raise living standards while maintaining social stability.     But there's still the question of whether rapid growth is sustainable. Some analysts believe it isn't unless China can rebalance its economy and achieve higher efficiency, lower environmental costs and a more reasonable balance among investment, trade and consumption.     QUANTITY OR QUALITY?     In an interview with Xinhua, Stephen Roach, chairman of Morgan Stanley Asia, urged Chinese authorities to get more serious about stimulating private consumption because the global economy remains "pretty weak" and might only achieve a weak recovery.     "China has responded to the crisis the way it has always responded to global problems. That is, using proactive fiscal stimulus mainly in the infrastructure area to provide temporary support in the downturn until the global economy comes back. It worked in the 1997 Asian financial crisis and the 2000-2001 mild recession. But this is a different sort of problem," said Roach.     "Once the stimulus wears off and if there is no follow-through, the Chinese economy will weaken again. I don't think exports will recover in the weak global economy."     Domestic economists voice similar worries, saying that the speed of growth doesn't matter as much as the quality. Liu Shangxi, deputy dean of the Research Institute for Fiscal Science at the Ministry of Finance, said that the 6.1-percent year-on-year growth in the first quarter had been "fairly good" for China. But, he said, "sometimes, it's worth slowing down a bit to have the economy move more stably."     Wang Xiaoguang, an economist with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the chief planning agency. said that the government's annual growth target had become mostly symbolic.     For five years in a row, the target was 8 percent, and for five years in a row, the growth rate overshot the target. Wang said the government had faced a dilemma: a cut in the target might undermine public confidence while a rise might tempt local governments to over-invest to meet a high growth target.     The turnaround signs mostly reflected the impact of the 4-trillion-yuan (586 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package. Meanwhile, retail sales still trailed investment in contributing to growth. Local economists warned that the economy remained unbalanced and vulnerable.     "Historical records show that adjustments in the Chinese economy would take two to three years, on average. Seven months have passed since the impact of the global financial crisis began to tell on the local economy.     "With a turnaround in sight, recovery might come earlier than expected but there are still risks of a further slowdown," Chen Dongqi, deputy chief of the Macro-Economic Research Institute under the NDRC, told a business development forum in Guangdong in late April.     BUYING CURE     It's widely accepted among economists that China should boost domestic private consumption by leading individuals to buy more and save less. The key question is: how?     "Two big programs" Roach advocates call for doubling the investment in social security immediately to 150 billion U.S. dollars and establishing a goal of raising consumption as a share of the economy from 36 percent to 50 percent within five years.     "What I think is missing here is the social safety net, social security pension and unemployment insurance. Because of the absence of the safety net, China has seen a high level of precautionary saving," he said.     Roach suggested that China develop a private pension system in particular so total employee compensation could rise in tandem with productivity. "Chinese companies need to partner with their workers and provide medical care [and] retirement investing for their workforce. Chinese workers' total pay package should have both wages and benefits," he said.     Liu agreed that the primary task in expanding consumption was to raise incomes. "Securing the legitimate interests of workers is particularly significant when the economy slumps. It would be like drinking poison to quench one's thirst if businesses sought to expand corporate earnings at the cost of workers' pay and benefits," he said.     Low labor costs and massive capacity have propped up China's prosperity over the past decades. But the proportion of wages to national income has been on a long decline since the 1990s.     Between 2002 and 2006 alone, economists estimate the figure dropped from 62.1 percent to 57.1 percent. Meanwhile, the contribution of consumption to GDP growth fell from 43.6 percent to 38.9 percent.     "A more meaningful index to judge the sustainability of China's economic growth would be the proportion of wages to national income," Liu said. "If this ratio did not rise, people would remain poor, and thus expanding consumption would be empty talk."     Chinese are far from wealthy. Only 4 percent of the workforce, and just 10 percent of the urban workforce, earn more than 2,000 yuan a month, the threshold for individual income tax.     As Chinese residents hold 2.43 trillion yuan in aggregate deposits, economists say one immediate way to boost consumption would be to stabilize spending on staple property -- including housing and automobiles -- and support tourism and cultural activities.     "People spend much of their money on housing and food. The government should encourage people to entertain themselves more," Wang said.     CHINA 'NO LOCOMOTIVE'     Although China might be the first major economy to recover from the downturn, economists disagree on when China will return to sustained high growth.     Morgan Stanley, for example, has forecast a firm recovery by mid-year, but said sustainable growth through 2010 would still hinge on what happens in other countries.     "China will be stronger. But will that strength be enough to allow others to follow in its footsteps? I don't think so," said Roach.     "Most of China's resilience comes from infrastructure building, roads, property consumption ... [this] won't have an impact on the United States and Europe. This resilience is only temporary while its stimulus is local rather than global."     Central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan also warned in late April during World Bank-IMF meetings in Washington that the rebound in China's economy had to be consolidated. He said conditions in China would permit rapid economic development again, once macroeconomic policies such as the stimulus plan took effect.     Challenging internal and external conditions, he said, included continuously shrinking external demand, a relatively large decline in exports, overcapacity in some industries, falling government revenue and lingering employment pressure.     As China emerges from the shadow of the downturn, together with many of its Western partners, the world is closely watching the socialist market economy that it is still trying to develop.     It was interesting to see that there was much "the ideologically-constrained West" could learn from China, just as there was much China could learn from the West, said Roach.     "China has gone slow in many areas, especially in the opening up of its financial market. But China made the right choice," he said.     "Focusing on stability is a huge plus for China. But the nation must be vigilant in its financial policies, especially monetary and regulatory policies, and not allow asset bubbles and financial innovations it doesn't understand," said Roach.

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BEIJING, July 18 (Xinhua) -- East Star Airlines Co., Ltd. said Saturday here that its current combined debt surpassed 752 million yuan (110.1 million U.S. dollars).     Zhao Changbing, spokesperson of the company, said the announcement was made to counter rumors about the status quo of the company's assets and debt     Zhao said total assets of the company stood at 1.01 billion yuan.     Established in 2005 in central Hubei Province, East Star Airlines operated more than 20 routes. Its operation was suspended by the industry regulator as of March 15 this year, due to financial difficulties of the carrier.

MOSCOW, July 4 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Wu Dawei and Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Alexei Borodavkin discussed here on Saturday the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula and the situation in Northeast Asia.     On the basis of mutual trust, the two sides exchanged in-depth views and reached consensus.     Both ministers agreed that the situation in Northeast Asia had become of major concern as escalating tensions there could trigger a new arms race, threatening regional security.     They said all parties concerned should remain calm and refrain from taking any actions that might further aggravate the situation. They said all relevant issues can be resolved through peaceful and diplomatic solutions such as negotiations, consultations and dialogue. Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Wu Dawei (2nd R) meets with Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Alexei Borodavkin (2nd L)in Moscow, Russia, July 4, 2009, to discuss the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula and the situation in Northeast Asia.China and Russia, as always, believe that safeguarding peace and stability of Northeast Asia accords with the interests of all countries in the region, they said, adding that the two countries will make joint efforts to secure such peace and stability.     Both sides also reiterated their support to the goal of seeking complete and irreversible denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula. The two countries will seriously carry out related resolutions of the United Nations (UN) in the hope that implementing them can help maintain peace and stability of the peninsula.     Both sides believed that the six-party talks was the only effective mechanism to resolve the Korean Peninsula nuclear issue. Only within the framework of the talks, can all parties find solutions to their security concerns, the ministers said.     They said China and Russia were ready to make efforts, along with other parties, to resume the six-party talks.     Wu arrived on Thursday in Moscow to discuss the Korean nuclear crisis. He will later visit the United States, Japan and South Korea.