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YAN'AN, Shaanxi Province, Sept. 5 (Xinhua) -- Party cadres should always keep clean and stay away from corruption, a senior Communist Party of China (CPC) official said Saturday.     "Party cadres should withstand tests of the country's reform and opening-up and the Party's ruling status," said Li Yuanchao, head of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee.     Li, also a member of the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau, made the remarks as the Autumn term started Saturday in China Executive Leadership Academy Pudong (CELAP), China Executive Leadership Academy Jinggangshan (CELAJ) and China Executive Leadership Academy Yan'an (CELAY).     "As Party cadres are being surrounded with more and more temptations, the education on resistance against corruption must be a vital task as well as the core content of Party spirit training," Li said.     The three schools, approved by the CPC Central Committee, are national training bases in fields such as CPC history and Party building theory, for government officials, enterprise managers and army officials.     "Schools should make it an important mission during education and training to strengthen Party spirit, ideal faith and good style, so as to play a unique role in promoting Party cadres' uprightness," he said.

MOSCOW, July 30 (Xinhua) -- Chinese merchants will be allowed to retrieve their goods in a closed Moscow market, the head of a Chinese coordination group said on Thursday.     A Chinese coordination group on Thursday discussed with Moscow's consumer department the clearing up of Chinese merchants' stalls in the Cherkizovsky market as well as the transferring of their goods.     The Russian side agreed to take further steps to safeguard the market's order and to work with the Chinese side to crack down on the illegal activities, said Cai Guiru, head of the temporary Chinese coordination group and chairperson of the Chinese Chamber of Commerce in Russia.     It is agreed that Chinese merchants will be allowed to clean up their stalls and ship out their merchandise during a specific period of time every day, Cai said.     The Russian side took "sincere and earnest" attitudes towards the handling of the market closure, in the hope that most of the Chinese merchants will be able to retrieve their goods safely, she said.     This meeting is helpful and the Russian side heard positive opinions from Chinese vendors, said Georgy Smoleyevcky, first deputy head of the Moscow Consumer Market and Services Department.     The Russian side will make conclusions accordingly and give instructions to relevant departments, he said, expressing the hope that complaints from Chinese traders will be less and less in future.     The official also dismissed the speculation that a Chinese shopping mall will be built in the place of the closed Cherkizovsky, Russia's biggest wholesale market.     The coordination group, formed under the auspices of the Chinese embassy in Russia in July, involves heads of China's provincial chambers of commerce.     Russian police abruptly shut down the nearly 300-hectare market in northeastern Moscow on June 29, after the disclosure of various illegal and irregular operations in the market by the Russian Federal Supervision Service for Consumer Rights Protection and People Welfare.     A Chinese senior delegation, led by Vice Minister of Commerce Gao Hucheng, reached broad consensus with the Russian side on the closure issue.

BEIJING, Sept. 15 (Xinhua) -- Beijing has widened a ban on flying activities to include pigeons and kite flying in its latest efforts to beef up security ahead of the National Day celebrations, police said Tuesday.     The ban, which is effective from Sept. 15 to Oct. 8, applies to sports, recreational and advertising flight activities in the capital.     Li Runhua, head of the public security squadron of the Beijing municipal public security bureau, said residents were banned from releasing pigeons, and flying kites and balloons even at celebrations and shopping promotions.     Li encouraged residents to report to police if they find suspicious flying objects.     Police also started to check every vehicle entering Beijing at nearly 200 major road intersections and security check points on Tuesday.     Police would check drivers' and passengers' ID and confiscate imitation guns, fireworks and knives until Oct. 8.     More than 7,000 police have been patrolling the city's major roads and business districts since Aug. 22.     China will stage a wide array of activities, including a grand military parade in Beijing, to mark the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China (PRC) on Oct. 1.     Chinese citizens will have an eight-day public holiday from Oct. 1 to 8.

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BEIJING, Sept. 26 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese foreign minister on Saturday described President Hu Jintao's trip to the United States to attend four important summits as a significant and far-reaching diplomatic move.     Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi made the remarks while briefing journalists who traveled to New York and Pittsburgh with Hu. Yang said that the four summits in the U.S. that Hu participated in focused on such attention-grabbing issues as the international financial crisis, climate change, non-proliferation and nuclear disarmament.     Those issues have a significant bearing on international relations and on the global situation in the future, Yang said. He said those issues also have a direct bearing on China's long-term development and fundamental interests.     Participating in four summits in as many days was an unprecedented diplomatic move by a Chinese president since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Yang said. Chinese President Hu Jintao attends the Group of 20 (G20) Financial Summit in Pittsburgh of the U.S., Sept. 25, 2009    He said Hu systematically advanced China's viewpoints and stances on important global and regional issues during the four summits.     Yang highlighted the 64th United Nations General Assembly, which drew more than 140 heads of state and government, and the world body's general debate during which Hu delivered his key-note speech "Join hands to create the future."     The foreign minister quoted Hu as saying that the world is undergoing a hectic period of big development and reform and that it is seeing a stronger trend toward peace, development and cooperation.     Hu pointed out during his U.N. speech that the world's peace and development is faced with serious challenges resulting from instability and uncertainty in the global situation.     The Chinese president urged the international community to cherish the concepts of peace, development, cooperation, win-win and tolerance in their effort to promote a lasting peace, co-prosperity and a harmonious world.     Yang said Hu proposed that the international community view the security issue through a broader view-finder, conduct cooperation with more open hearts, and materialize harmonious co-existence via a more tolerant mentality.     Hu stressed in his speech that China's destiny is increasingly linked with that of the entire world. He said that China will stick to its path of peaceful development, one that leads to mutual benefits and a win-win scenario. He said China also will stick to the five principles of peaceful co-existence while pursuing friendly cooperation with all of the other countries in the world.     China was, is and will remain a strength to be reckoned with in the maintenance of world peace and in the promotion of co-development of the world.     As a responsible big country in the midst of development, China has performed its obligation to the U.N. Millennium Declaration by extending assistance to more than 120 countries. It also has written off debts owed it by 49 heavily indebted countries and least developed countries, and is offering zero-tariff treatment to exports from 40 least developed countries.     China also will beef up its support for the developing countries that have been affected most by the international financial crisis.     Hu said that China will continue its support to the developing nations by speeding up their growth to meet their millennium goals; China will continue to give the assistance promised to African countries during the Sino-Africa Summit; and China will continue to participate and promote the regional monetary and financial cooperation.     Yang, who accompanied Hu to New York and Pittsburgh, said that the world sees the Chinese president's speech at the U.N. as commanding a strategic viewpoint and carrying a far-reaching connotation.     Hu's speech demonstrated that China is playing an irreplaceable role in international and regional affairs as a builder of international systems, Yang said. He said that the international community welcomes China to play an even larger role on the international stage.     At the U.N. non-proliferation and disarmament summit, Hu advanced his statement on the new security concept that China advocates.     It was the first time in the past decade that a Chinese leader elaborated on China's policy toward nuclear issues in person at a multilateral occasion.     Yang quoted Hu as saying that China has always advocated a total ban and total destruction of nuclear weapons. Hu said China will stick to its self-defense nuclear strategy and to its promise not to be the first to ever resort to nuclear weapons under any circumstance.     China has also obliged itself to not threaten nuclear-free countries and regions with the use of nuclear weapons.     Hu told the non-proliferation and disarmament summit that China will continue to promote the process of international nuclear disarmament and to contribute efforts toward the system safeguarding the implementation of the non-proliferation treaty.     This approach, Hu said, has fully demonstrated China's fairness, responsibility and contribution toward the construction of a nuclear-free world, which reflected the legitimate claim by the developing countries, safeguarded the interests of the developing countries and helped to move the non-proliferation and disarmament talks to a more positive direction of development.     Yang described the G-20 summit as an effective platform on which the international community can cooperate in its joint dealings with the ongoing international financial and economic crises to better governance of the global economy.     Hu has participated in all three of the G-20 summits centered on the financial crisis. In Pittsburgh, Hu made it clear that though the world has seen positive economic signs, there is a long way to go before full recovery is achieved because there are many uncertainties remaining.     The Chinese president listed three tasks the international community must deal with without hesitation in face of their efforts to end the recession.     The tasks, Yang re-capped, are to keep stimulating economic growth, to promote reform of the international financial system, and to strike a balanced development of the world economy.     Hu said in Pittsburgh that all of the concerned countries should keep their stimulus plans in place and make more efforts in promoting consumption and domestic demand. He warned that those countries should also keep an eye on any potential side-effects of their efforts, especially concerning inflation.     The developing countries, Hu said, should be given more representation and say in the world's international financial institutions. He said that all of the countries concerned also should make efforts to forge an international mechanism for balanced development of the world economy.     Cooperation in technology should be given high priority so as to help bridge the gap between the developed and developing countries, Hu suggested.     Hu cited China as an obvious example of the packaged stimulus plan in face of the ongoing financial and economic crises. He said that his country would continue to carry out its promised and planned assistance to developing countries, especially those in Africa, and would try within its capacity to increase such assistance.     Hu's viewpoints and proposed measures on international cooperation on financial system won praise from many heads of state and government in Pittsburgh, Yang said.     The foreign minister said that the president based his proposals on safeguarding the fundamental interests of the people in China and around the world and therefore his viewpoints and measures got nods of approval from many of the leaders at the G-20summit.     As the U.N. climate change conference in Copenhagen approaches, Yang said the issue of climate change is attracting greater public attention.     Because China is the largest developing country and an emerging economy, its stand on the issue is closely watched by the international community, Yang said.     "Global climate change has a profound impact on the existence and development of mankind and is a major challenge facing all countries," Hu stressed.     During his speech at the U.N. climate change summit, Hu put forward a four-point proposal on joint efforts to deal with climate change by the international community.     Fulfilling respective responsibilities should be at the core of the effort, Hu said.     Concerned parties should positively implement the "Bali Roadmap" talks according to the requests of the United Nations Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto protocol, Hu said.     Achieving mutual benefits and a win-win outcome should be the goal of the effort, Hu said.     Supporting developing countries in countering climate change is a responsibility of developed countries and also benefits their long-term interests, Hu said.     "We should realize a win-win outcome for both developed and developing countries, and interests of each state and the whole mankind," he said.     Promoting common development should be the basis of the effort, the president said.     "Without common development, particularly the development of developing countries, there cannot be a broad and solid basis in the long run for tackling climate change," he said.     Ensuring financing and technology holds the key to the success of the effort, Hu noted.     He urged the developed countries to take up their responsibilities and provide developing nations with new financial support to facilitate their dealings with climate change.     Although China faces a lot of difficulties in the course of development, it attaches great importance to climate change and has taken a series of measures to address the issue, Hu said.     The Chinese leader pledged that his country will further integrate actions on climate change into its economic and social development plan.     China will intensify efforts to conserve energy and improve energy efficiency, vigorously develop renewable and nuclear energy and step up efforts to develop a green economy, he said.     As a responsible country, Hu said, China will make the Copenhagen conference achieve positive results.     Hu emphasized the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, and said that China firmly safeguards the interests of developing countries.     Hu announced significant measures China will adopt on emission reduction, which have been lauded by the international community, Yang said.     Many foreign leaders said Hu's speech hit the high points of current climate change talks, reflected the common aspirations of the developing countries, and showed the image of a responsible and large country, the foreign minister said.     After meeting with dozens of foreign leaders on the sidelines of the U.N. meetings and the G-20 financial summit, Hu reached consensus with them on bilateral relations and joint efforts to deal with the financial crisis, Yang said.     During talks with U.S. President Barack Obama, Hu pointed out that China and the United States should maintain frequent high-level exchanges and implement their pledges made at the first China-U.S. Strategic and Economic Dialogue in Washington in July.     They also should deepen cooperation on major international and regional issues, expand exchanges on humanity, properly address each other's interests and concerns, and firmly oppose protectionism, Hu said.     When meeting with Russian President Dmitry Medvedev, Hu said China attaches great importance to enhancing its strategic partnership of cooperation with Russia. He said China is working to implement the consensus reached between the two sides. Both leaders agreed to further expand exchanges in various fields and deepen the Sino-Russian strategic partnership of cooperation.     Yang said Hu's meeting with Japanese Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama was the first between the two leaders since Hatoyama was elected prime minister on Sept. 16.     During their talks, Hu said the two sides should enhance high-level exchanges so as to improve political trust, promote trade and economic cooperation, and improve the feelings of their people toward each other in order to consolidate the basis of good public opinion.     Hu said that Japan's war-time history and Taiwan are two major issues concerning the political basis of Sino-Japanese relations. China hopes Japan can live up to its commitment and properly handle the two issues.     When meeting with his French counterpart Nicolas Sarkozy, Hu said China is ready to work with France to review the historical experience of bilateral relations, and promote a healthy and steady development of the comprehensive strategic partnership between the two nations.     Hu also met with South African President Jacob Zuma, South Korean President Lee Myung-bak, President Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov of Turkmenistan and President Evo Morales of Bolivia on bilateral ties and major issues of common concern.     Yang said China has maintained friendly cooperation with nations in the world, and has forged partnership with many. Frequent high-level exchanges are an important way to boost bilateral ties with other countries.     Yang summed up Hu's attendance at the four summits as a complete success.     China will earnestly implement the consensus reached by Hu at the U.N. summits and expand cooperation with other nations to jointly meet the global challenges so as to contribute to the world's peace, stability and development, he said. 

BEIJING, Aug. 29 (Xinhua) -- Drink or drive? This is a dilemma for many Chinese in a society soaked in a centuries-old drinking culture which is now travelling in private motor cars.     For Liu Kun, a 25-year-old media worker in Beijing, the choice is simple and there is only one answer - she won't even have a sip of beer before she drives.     "I didn't treat it (drink driving) seriously before," said Liu, who has been driving for three years. "But now I obey the rules strictly."     Liu is one of many Chinese motorists sobering up and thinking twice about their onetime drinking and driving. This situation has been brought about by a spate of serious drink driving accidents in China, including fatalities. The situation has sparked a public outcry.     Chinese police launched a two-month nationwide crackdown against driving under the influence (DUI) two weeks ago, following a series of shocking cases in which drunk drivers killed pedestrians. By Friday, 28,880 drivers had been caught and punished for DUI, the Ministry of Public Security said.     Kong Linnan, a 25-year-old Beijing resident, said: "Drink drivers should be severely penalized. They are irresponsible about their own lives, let alone others."     Besides changing attitudes, the crackdown has brought about an unexpected boom to once sluggish businesses, such as drive-home services that help carry home drinkers by contracting relief drivers.     He Jin, chief executive of the Beijing Benaoanda Drive-back Company, said his company had carried home more than 110 customers every day in the past week, 20 times more than five years ago when his service was established. The company charges 80 yuan (12 U.S. dollars) for each journey.     Now about seven or eight companies in Beijing are providing similar services, He said.     "Taking a cab is a cheaper way to carry a drinker back home. But many taxi drivers are rather reluctant to do it," said He.     Zhang Changyun, a Beijing taxi driver, said, "They always throw up in my cab. It's nasty. I can't use my cab for the whole day." Zhang always refuses to carry those who have been drinking heavily.     "That's our advantage. Car owners don't have to come back to the restaurants to retrieve cars in next day," He said.     China's population, a large alcohol consumer, is now rapidly becoming mobile, putting more strain on controlling drink driving. In Beijing, a city of more than 15 million people, motor vehicles numbered 3.76 million in July.     "The market potential for a drive-home service is huge," said He.          LIFESTYLE CHANGES     Despite criticism that drive-home services could encourage drink driving, He defended them as necessary because "drinking at banquets is deeply rooted in traditional Chinese culture."     Most of their drive-home contracts are taken out by big companies because "business talks at the dinner table with drinking are also popular business culture in China", He said.     An indispensable part of dining etiquette in China is drinking toasts, by which a lot of business is resolved at a drinking table rather than a negotiating one.     In addition, while declining a drink is deemed as "losing face", driving after drinking is sometimes considered heroic. In the commercial world it is apparently considered the winner is the biggest drinker.     Wang Xiaokun, marketing manager of a real estate consultancy in southwest China's Chengdu City, has cut short the frequency of hosting business banquets since most of his clients who drive are knocking back drinking while dining.     He has mixed feelings toward the crackdown.     "I don't like the drinking sessions," said Wang, "But without them, I must find other ways to buddy up to my clients."     Gao Zhifeng, 29, a government official in Beijing, welcomes the tight controls.     "Thanks to the campaign, I'm now more justified to excuse myself from toast proposals by saying simply 'I drive'," said Gao. He often did not handle drinking well, but often had his arm twisted to drink alcohol at business banquets.     Yi Rong, Gao's wife, said that tighter DUI law enforcement helped lessen the worries of drivers' families.     "I'm so happy that China's alcohol culture is starting to change," said Yi.          BOOMS AND WORRIES     Alcohol-free beer is also doing well because of the crackdown. Many restaurants now sell this beer which contains less ethyl alcohol.     Yu Li, manager of Veganhut, a health restaurant in Beijing's Central Business District, said, "We sell only alcohol-free beer and it's selling well. It's a new trend in dining."     Ding Guangxue, deputy chief executive of the Yanjing Beer Group, said the brewerery's output of alcohol-free beer was more than 4 million bottles this month, registering a 10 percent year-on-year increase.     But alcohol-free beer is not totally free from ethanol. "Two bottles may raise your blood alcohol to the limit," said Ding.     The crackdown is also worrying China's catering industry which makes large profits out of liquor, since beer sold at a restaurant can be priced four times higher than in a supermarket.     Zhang Zhenjiang, general secretary of Beijing Association for Liquor and Spirits Circulation, said, "We're worried that tighter control could dent profits and raise costs."     "Alcohol-free has only a small share of sales. It cannot replace ordinary liquor," said Zhang.     On the Internet, some netizens are suggesting restaurants be obliged to dissuade their driving customers from drinking.     But Fu Guiping, a corporate lawyer with Beijing Huatian Catering Group, said liquor outlets had no power or obligation to manage affairs that should be carried by the law enforcement sector.     "It's unfair to put responsibility on the shoulders of businesses," said Fu. "It calls for efforts from all walks of life."

HONG KONG, Sept. 8 (Xinhua) -- The Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China displayed a scale model of its jetliner C919,the country's first home-grown large commercial airliner, for the first time at the Asian Aerospace '09 on Tuesday. With a scale of one to ten, the model was so far "the most precise one put up for public display," said Guo Bozhi, president of the Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute, a unit of the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China, or COMAC.     The mockup was displayed at a prominent position at the Asian Aerospace, Asia's leading air show, side by side with industry giants like Boeing and Airbus. Together with some ten other Chinese mainland-based manufacturers, suppliers and service providers at the show, it attracted attention of media from around the world. A mockup of jumbo jet C919, the major project of the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China (COMAC), is displayed at the Asian Aerospace '09 in Hong Kong, China, Sept. 8, 2009. COMAC is a company established in 2008 with the State Council approval to develop C919, the first home-made jumbo jet of China. It is expected to enter service in 2016    "It's the first time that China has put a face in front of the global aviation industry," said Richard Thiele, global head of sales for Reed Exhibitions, organizer of the show.     COMAC has currently sent out requests for proposal, or RPFs, to over 100 potential suppliers, both domestic and international, and signed memorandums of understanding with nine domestic airframe suppliers. The company has been in touch with engine suppliers including General Electric, Rolls Royce and Pratt&Whitney, Guo said. A mockup of jumbo jet C919, the major project of the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China (COMAC), is displayed at the Asian Aerospace '09 in Hong Kong, China, Sept. 8, 2009The Shanghai-based company has been using standard bidding process in line with international practices for the systems and equipment it needed for the C919 project, said Wang Wenbin, assistant general manager of COMAC.     COMAC was set up with state approval in 2008 to develop China's first home-grown jumbo jet. It has a registered capital of 19 billion yuan (2.78 billion U.S. dollars), with the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission as the biggest shareholder.     The company has said the maiden flight of C919 was planned for late 2014, with delivery expected by 2016. It was intended as a single-aisle airliner to target the short and medium haul markets in eight to ten years from now, Wang said.     If successful, COMAC plans to produce 50 C919 aircraft each year at the early stage and annual production could reach 100 or even more at a later stage, depending on how it is received by the market, Guo said. A mockup of jumbo jet C919, the major project of the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China (COMAC), is displayed at the Asian Aerospace '09 in Hong Kong, China, Sept. 8, 2009. C919 has a standard range of 4,075 kilometers, and the extended range can reach a maximum of 5,555 kilometers. It has a designed capacity of 168 seats for the full economy class version and 156 seats for mixed class version.     Wang said China has been behind leading industry players in commercial airliner development and is aspiring to have its own home-made large commercial airliner.     COMAC plans to develop the C919 under the cooperation model involving suppliers and main manufacturers, and international partnership are welcome, he said.

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CANBERRA, Aug. 13 (Xinhua) -- An anti-China rant by an editor on Australia's biggest-selling national newspaper has come under fire from netizens around the world.     Greg Sheridan, an editor of The Australian, flattered Rebiya Kadeer -- leader of the separatist World Uygur Congress -- for her "courage" to confront the Chinese government in an article published Wednesday.     In his article, titled "Uygurs must fight for rights within China," Sheridan said Rebiya should leave aside her campaign for a separate state for a while and "concentrate instead on human rights, cultural autonomy and democracy," so as to win support and aid from Western nations.     He lauded Rebiya's week-long visit to Australia, saying it would "change the course of Chinese politics."     However, responding to Sheridan's instruction to the self-appointed Uygur leader, many netizens expressed their disagreement with his absurdities and scoffed at his ignorance and crankiness.     "Has anyone worked out of these facts about Kadeer? She was born and grew up in Xinjiang, but she cannot speak Chinese (Mandarin); She has 11 children and many many grand children (a lot of them live abroad); she was once one of the richest women in China; she had been a representative for her people in the highest political body in China and had gushed so much praises for the Chinese government...," Weldon, a netizen in Canberra, said in a follow-up post to Sheridan's article.     "'Extermination of Uygur cultural?' or 'Ethnic cleansing?' or 'Suppressing the minority people?' or 'A woman compassionate for her cause?', I am confused," he said.     Jonny of China called the report "another anti-Chinese rant."     "I did not read all the replies. I did not need to. Most that Iread succinctly corrected your bias," he said.     "The minorities in China including the Tibetans which you again focus on are given favored treatment... Greg your obvious ignorance of China is appalling for a person who writes about international affairs," Jonny added.     A netizen named David said Australia's invitation for Rebiya was wrong.     "Let's imagine what will happen if Australians invite Bin Laden to Sydney to give a speech with topic like 'How to end the U.S. rule around the globe and fight for the rights for all Muslims," he said.     Sharon of Brissy called Sheridan's article "a load of rubbish."     "Get your facts right before you start making bias reporting. The Uygurs get a lot of privileges as compared to the Hans. Plus during the ethnic riots were incited by the Uygurs with the majority who died are Hans," she said.     GMK of Gold Coast, who described himself as a "war veteran -- married to a traditional Australian-Chinese lady with a young son, and a frequent visitor to China," said he was puzzled about this media/Australian government-driven fantasy.     "That is their China and the Chinese, which is being produced. It is nothing like reality," he said.     The 56 separate and distinct ethnic groups within the borders of China all "have their cultural sensitivities guaranteed" by the Chinese government, he noted.     Yue, a netizen in Melbourne, said he did not understand why Western nations always have a prejudice against China.     "Why Western countries always see people instigating terror and hatred in China as a hero? Why do they always believe words said by these people rather than government?" he asked.

BEIJING, Aug. 6 (Xinhua) -- China still has a long way to go in upgrading industrial processes, although it had managed to secure economic stabilization and was moving upwards, Zhuang Jian, a senior economist with the Asian Development Bank, said Thursday.     "China has achieved great success in bolstering the economy's growth through a series of plans to stimulate it, but it should also continue making efforts to upgrade its industries, as well as its energy-saving and pollution reduction measures, to sustain development," Zhuang said.     China's economic growth had slowed during the global downturn, but expanded 7.9 percent in the second quarter of 2009 year on year after sinking to 6.1 percent in the first quarter.     Zhuang said the improvement of China's industrial structure and increasing energy conservation were of critical importance to the world.     Government figures show the amount of energy consumed in China to produce a unit of gross domestic product (GDP) dropped 3.35 percent year on year in the first half. The decrease compares with 2.88 percent for the first half of last year.     China should also promote domestic consumption to boost economic growth, he said.

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BEIJING, Oct. 1 (Xinhua) -- A grand military parade will be held at the heart of Beijing Thursday morning to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, underscoring the country's self-defensive policy.     "As an important force safeguarding world peace and development, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) will continue pursuing a national defense policy that is defensive in nature and pose no threat to other countries," said Lieutenant General Fang Fenghui, commander-in-chief of the parade and commander of PLA Beijing Military Area Command in an interview with Xinhua.     "We will stick to our country's policy to safeguard world peace and promote common development," Fang said.     China adheres to a long-standing defensive policy of "no first use of nuclear weapons" from the very beginning it developed its nuclear ammunition, Fang said.     Addressing the United Nations Security Council nuclear summit in New York on Sept. 24, 2009, Chinese President Hu Jintao proposed that all nuclear weapon states abandon the nuclear deterrence policy based on first use of nuclear weapons and take credible steps to reduce the threat of nuclear weapons.     "To realize a safer world for all, we must first and foremost remove the threat of nuclear war," Hu said. "All nuclear-weapon states should make an unequivocal commitment of unconditionally not using or threatening to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or nuclear-weapon-free zones, and conclude a legally-binding international instrument in this regard."     According to the White Paper "China's National Defense in 2008"released on Jan. 20 this year, China noted that its nuclear missiles of the Second Artillery Force "are not aimed at any country in peacetime."     China has been reporting on its national defense policy in a white paper every two years since 1998, introducing its national defense policy, the structure and development of the forces, the budgets and use of defense expenditure.     Chinese leaders have made repeated commitments to world peace and development since the nation's founding in 1949.     "For now and in the future, China would never seek hegemony, nor would we turn to military expansion or arms race with other countries," Chinese President Hu Jintao told heads of 29 foreign navy delegations attending the PLA Navy celebration in Qingdao on April 23, 2009.     "China will unswervingly stick to the road of peaceful development, which demands China to adhere to the defensive national defense policy," Hu said.     During the process of reform and opening up, the Chinese army takes it as the fundamental purpose to safeguard world peace, development and stability, as well as national sovereignty, security and development.     Wang Xinjun, a research fellow of warring theory and strategy at the PLA Military Science Academy, said defensive armaments were the majority of the PLA ammunitions as offensive weapons account for a very small proportion of its depot.     "This is the most distinctive aspect that makes PLA different from the troops in other countries," Wang said. "The core of Chinese military strategy lies in defensiveness rather than offensiveness."     Preparing to disclose many of its latest national defense strength in the parade, China holds on to its goal of a peaceful development.     "What poses threat to another country is not one country's military strength, but the policy it follows," said Major General Gao Jianguo, spokesman for the joint headquarters for the parade in Beijing.     "China unswervingly persists in taking a road of peaceful development, striving for a harmonious world that highlights global peace and common prosperity," Gao said. "Our military ties with foreign countries are based on equality, mutual trust and cooperation."     Through non-alignment, non-confrontation and non-targeting at any third party, China has established military ties with more than 150 countries and set up military attaché offices in 109 countries. Meanwhile, 101 countries have set up military attaché offices in China.     Among the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, China currently sends the most peacekeepers. More than 13,000 Chinese peacekeepers have carried out 18 UN peacekeeping operations since China's first dispatch of military observers to such operations in 1990.     Since the end of last year, the Chinese navy has carried out escort missions in the waters of the Gulf of Aden off Somali and has escorted more than 800 ships.

HARBIN, Aug. 10 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang said over the weekend that the rebuilding of shanty towns which have long-housed low-income workers is an important part of the country's effort to improve people's livelihood.     Li made the comment at a working conference to address the rebuilding of shacks in cities and at compounds of large state-owned mining enterprises held in Harbin, capital of northeast China's Heilongjiang Province, on Saturday.     Such shanty towns are shabby residential areas that were built when the country started to industrialize its economy, and people living there are more often low-income wage earners in factories.     These people are either living in a space that is less than 10 square meters for each, or in apartments that have no tap water or sewers, or even toilets or kitchens. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (C) addresses a meeting on the rebuiding of cities and hut zones, in Harbin, capital of northeast China's Heilongjiang ProvinceChina is aiming to offer proper housing for 7.5 million low-income urban households and 2.4 million households living in shanty towns of coal mines, reclamation areas, and forest zones in three years, Premier Wen Jiabao said in March.     There are another 1.14 million living in shabby apartments at compounds of state-owned mining enterprises, which are not included in the planning of cities, according to the conference.     Li urged to integrate the rebuilding of such shanty towns with the low-income housing project, initiated by the Chinese government to build affordable houses for low-income urban residents.     He also asked planners to build homes at different price levels in a region so as to avoid the concentration of poor population in a certain neighborhood.     Li stressed that the government should dominate the project of rehousing low-income workers, but it could invite funding from outside the government.     He said the government should secure land supplies for such projects and materialize tax supports.     The central government pledged to allocate 49.3 billion yuan (7.25 billion U.S. dollars) from the central budget to finance such housing projects in 2009 alone.