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Foreign investors are eyeing more opportunities as China's demand for oil refining and petrochemicals increases. According to a think-tank affiliated to China National Petroleum Corp (CNPC), China's oil demand will hit 455 million tons while the country's total refining capacity will surpass 400 million tons by the end of the 11th Five-Year Plan period, set from 2006 to 2010. "From this year to 2010, the average annual oil demand of China will grow at 6.5 percent per year. One forecast shows demand reaching 455 million tons in 2010," Gong Jinshuang, a veteran researcher at the Economic and Technology Research Institute of CNPC, China's largest oil and gas producer, said on Friday. According to a national industrial deployment plan, there will be many refineries and ethylene crackers on stream by 2010 and China will witness 18 million tons of ethylene produced by 2010. The country's refineries will run at 90 to 95 percent capacity by 2010, Gong said. Ethylene output of China was 9.41 million tons last year, up 24.5 percent year-on-year. To seize opportunities arising from the downstream sector of the oil industry, not only State-owned giants, but also foreign investors are gearing for more investment. Mustafa Al-Sahan, general manager in charge of China investment at Sabic Asia Pacific Pte Ltd, told China Daily that his firm plans to invest billion to set up an integrated refining and petrochemical project in Dalian, Northeast China. The industrial complex is expected to include a 10-million-ton refinery, a one-million-ton ethylene cracker and an 800,000-ton aromatics plant, according to the blueprint. Al-Sahan said the project will be a joint venture formed by several parties, holding equal stakes. So far, there are already two parties involved, Sabic and a private Chinese company. Sabic is looking for another State-owed energy giant to join, Al-Sahan added. The project is still subject to approval by the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), China's top economic planner. Sabic has invested in a petrochemicals plant in Tianjin, in partnership with Sinopec, Asia's top refiner. The Tianjian project has been given the green light by the NDRC and is expected to be on stream by the fourth quarter of next year, the Sabic chief for the investment in China said. CNPC and Sinopec are either planning or expanding their refining and petrochemical projects, such as in Sichuan, Fujian provinces and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region, to better meet the country's future fuel and industrial demand. China now is the world's fastest growing major oil market Al-Sahan said the downstream segment of the Chinese oil industry has good potential because of the robust future demand. He said Sabic will not produce gasoline, which is oversupplied in the market, but oil and petrochemicals that are in big demand.

The second batch of quotas for qualified foreign institutional investors (QFII), a scheme for foreign players to invest in the A-share market, is likely to be about billion, an industry insider, who declined to be named, told China Daily on Friday. The source said that the second batch of QFII quotas was being discussed, and pending approval by the Chinese government, was likely to be about billion, not exceeding that of the last batch, which was billion. Hu Xiaolian, Deputy Governor of the central bank and Administrator of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE), said earlier that related rules on the QFII scheme were being amended and the total QFII quota would certainly see an increase in 2007. However, she declined to give a specific sum. China has so far approved 52 overseas institutions as QFIIs to invest in the A-share market, of which 49 have got a combined investment quota of .995 billion from SAFE, near the upper limit of billion as stipulated previously. Industry insiders said the demand for QFII quotas was strong at present and more should be granted. "Despite the excessive liquidity in the A share market, the Chinese government should grant more quotas to QFIIs. Otherwise, they will find other ways, making it more difficult to supervise," She Minhua, an analyst with CITIC China Securities said. Meanwhile, the booming Chinese stock market is attracting more foreign financial firms to set up joint ventures in the investment sector. The Financial Times on Thursday reported that Nikko Asset Management, a QFII approved in 2003, has become the first Japanese fund firm to acquire a 20 per cent stake in a local firm, the Shenzhen-based Rongtong Fund Management Company. Nikko AM bought the stake from Shaanxi International Trust & Investment (SITI), for 3.8 yuan per share, valued at 475 million yuan, according to a statement by the Shenzhen-listed SITI.

DALLAS -- Several leading US airlines have asked federal regulators for the right to operate new nonstop flights between the United States and China beginning in March 2009.American, the largest US carrier, said it applied Monday for a route from Chicago's O'Hare Airport to Beijing. A similar bid failed several months ago, partly because American's management and pilots couldn't agree on work rules for the flights.Continental applied Monday to fly between Newark, N.J., and Shanghai. The Houston-based airline said its flights would serve the financial hub of New York and a large Chinese-American population in the area. US Airways said it is seeking to offer nonstop service between its Philadelphia hub and Beijing, China. Delta Air Lines Inc. asked to fly from Atlanta to Beijing and Shanghai; and Northwest Airlines Corp. filed to offer service between Detroit and the same two Chinese cities. UAL Corp.'s United Airlines proposed to fly between San Francisco and Guangzhou starting in 2008, and between Los Angeles and Shanghai in 2009. Air service between the two countries is restricted by agreements between the two governments. US airlines eager to tap the growing Chinese market must apply to the Department of Transportation for new routes. In the competition for Chinese routes, US airlines gather support from politicians and customers to sell their proposals to federal regulators. For example, American, a unit of Fort Worth-based AMR Corp., boasted support from four US senators and three governors. Schwarzenegger favors proposal for non-stop flights to China California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger said Tuesday that he favored a proposal for non-stop air services to China from two major Californian cities. Schwarzenegger made the remarks after United Airlines submitted an application to the US Department of Transportation Monday to add daily, non-stop services from San Francisco and Los Angeles to China in 2008 and 2009. "China's more than 1 billion citizens represent an important market for Californian products and services," Schwarzenegger said in a statement e-mailed to Xinhua. "United Airlines' proposal to add a daily, non-stop service between our state and China is a great opportunity to promote California tourism and pump up our state's economy," said the governor. "Direct flights between California and China will only have a positive impact on our state and I look forward to working with United Airlines in the future as we continue to strengthen our economic ties with this important Pacific Rim partner," he added. United Airlines' application proposes a non-stop service between San Francisco and Guangzhou in 2008, and a daily non-stop service between Los Angeles and Shanghai in 2009. In 2006, exports from California to China totaled almost 10 billion dollars, up from 5.5 billion dollars in 2003 when the governor took office, according to the statement. California is the number one US state in terms of total exports to China and the top exports include computers and electronic products, waste and scrap materials, transportation equipment and heavy machinery.

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SHANGHAI: In a fresh sign of China¡¯s financial strength, a leap in the shares of Industrial & Commercial Bank of China Monday made it the world¡¯s biggest bank by market capitalisation, overtaking US giant Citigroup. ICBC¡¯s Shanghai-listed A shares surged 2.68% to 5.75 yuan, giving it a market capitalisation of 4bn, according to Reuters calculations. That exceeded the 1bn capitalisation of Citigroup, previously the world¡¯s biggest bank, when its shares closed at .73 in New York on Friday. HSBC Holdings was in third place with 5bn. Shares in ICBC, which listed in Shanghai and Hong Kong last October, have gained 15% this month on the back of a rally in China¡¯s booming stock market as well as strong growth in the bank¡¯s own earnings. Weakness in Citigroup¡¯s share price, and appreciation of the yuan against the dollar have also shifted market values in favour of ICBC. But some analysts believe ICBC¡¯s ballooning capitalisation may also be a sign of a dangerously overheated Shanghai stock market as speculating Chinese investors pour money into shares. ICBC, a state-controlled behemoth which is trying to modernise a creaky branch network operating almost entirely inside China, reported income of bn last year. Citigroup, one of the world¡¯s most sophisticated financial institutions with operations around the globe, reported income almost four times as large, at bn. ICBC¡¯s share price yesterday valued it at 28 times analysts¡¯ forecasts for its earnings per share in 2007, far above 11 times for Citigroup and an average of 16 times for major global banks, according to Reuters Estimates. ¨C Reuters

The second batch of quotas for qualified foreign institutional investors (QFII), a scheme for foreign players to invest in the A-share market, is likely to be about billion, an industry insider, who declined to be named, told China Daily on Friday. The source said that the second batch of QFII quotas was being discussed, and pending approval by the Chinese government, was likely to be about billion, not exceeding that of the last batch, which was billion. Hu Xiaolian, Deputy Governor of the central bank and Administrator of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE), said earlier that related rules on the QFII scheme were being amended and the total QFII quota would certainly see an increase in 2007. However, she declined to give a specific sum. China has so far approved 52 overseas institutions as QFIIs to invest in the A-share market, of which 49 have got a combined investment quota of .995 billion from SAFE, near the upper limit of billion as stipulated previously. Industry insiders said the demand for QFII quotas was strong at present and more should be granted. "Despite the excessive liquidity in the A share market, the Chinese government should grant more quotas to QFIIs. Otherwise, they will find other ways, making it more difficult to supervise," She Minhua, an analyst with CITIC China Securities said. Meanwhile, the booming Chinese stock market is attracting more foreign financial firms to set up joint ventures in the investment sector. The Financial Times on Thursday reported that Nikko Asset Management, a QFII approved in 2003, has become the first Japanese fund firm to acquire a 20 per cent stake in a local firm, the Shenzhen-based Rongtong Fund Management Company. Nikko AM bought the stake from Shaanxi International Trust & Investment (SITI), for 3.8 yuan per share, valued at 475 million yuan, according to a statement by the Shenzhen-listed SITI.

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Migrant workers who were previously farmers will get the same labor rights as their counterparts from towns and cities starting next year, under a new regulation by the Ministry of Labor and Social Security (MLSS)."No discriminatory restrictions should be set against the rural laborers entering cities for employment," the Employment Services and Employment Management Regulation issued on Wednesday stated.Under the regulation, all laborers cannot be discriminated because of ethnicity, race, gender, and religious belief when seeking employment.Farmers-turned-laborers or those without local household registration can also register for unemployment at local public labor service agencies if they have worked in a place for half a year and more.Employment units should go to local public service agencies to register laborers or terminate their contracts."The provisions reflect tremendous progress in the country's labor policies," Mo Rong, the vice-president of the labor science research institute under the MLSS, told China Daily.Mo said policies toward laborers from rural areas have been changing with the times - in the early 1980s, they were forbidden to migrate to cities, but this restriction was later lifted with the provision that the laborers brought their own "grain tickets" in the face of a grain shortage.Since the 90s, the laborers have moved freely between rural and urban areas under the regulations of respective cities. The first great wave of migrants heading to cities occurred in 1992."They could finally 'float' between rural regions and cities without policy limitations after 2000," Mo said, referring to the country's policy improvements in the area."Laborers from rural areas will now be able to enjoy many free employment services in the cities with the new regulations," Mo added."These are possible under the auspices of a good amount of government subsidies."With the new regulation, employers are now forbidden to refuse women work except when such jobs are stated as unsuitable as stipulated by the State."When an employing unit recruits female workers, it shall not stipulate in the labor contract any content which restricts female workers from getting married or having child," said the ministry.Those suffering from infectious diseases are now also protected from discrimination.In particular, laborers cannot be denied work based on Hepatitis-B tests unless the job already prohibits carriers of the disease according to laws, administrative rules and regulations set by the administrative department of health under the State Council.Such employment units can be fined as much as 1,000 yuan (5) along with other compensation liabilities.

NANJING -- Police in Nanjing, East China's Jiangsu Province, have nabbed 47 suspects over human trafficking and rescued 40 babies, said senior officers with the Nanjing railway police office on Friday.A group of four women, each holding a newborn baby in arms but never breast-feeding the infants, arouse police suspicion on May 24 on a train from Kunming, capital of Southwest China's Yunnan Province, to Nanjing and were questioned.The women, including one identified as Lang Chunyan from Tancheng County of East China's Shandong Province, confessed that the babies were bought from Yunnan and they had been doing so with the help of two other suspects, Dao Xiufen and Ding Fachang, since 2005. While Lang's husband, Shen Yuzhou, was in charge of selling babies with the help of 10 human traders in Shandong.Lang also confessed that they usually buy a baby girl at 1,500 yuan (US0) but sell it for 8,000 yuan, while a baby boy usually costs them 8,000 yuan and can fetch 20,000 yuan for them.The Nanjing railway police set up a special team of more than 10 policemen to investigate the case.The team arrived in Yunnan on May 27 and arrested Dao, Ding and seven other suspects. Shen was later arrested in Shandong.Investigations found that the gang of human traders headed by Shen and Lang have bought 27 newborn babies in Yunnan during 16 trips and then sold them in Shandong.Forty out of more than 60 babies who were trafficked by the gang have been rescued by police so far, while police were trying to find the others.

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SHENZHEN -- China on Wednesday laid out a primary plan for its second pipeline of the West-East natural gas transmission project.According to the plan, construction of the 8,794 kilometer gas pipeline, which consists of one major line and eight sub-lines, will involve an investment of approximately 143.5 billion yuan (US.8 billion).The major line will extend 4,945 km, running from Khorgos in the northwestern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region to Guangzhou, capital of south Guangdong Province.Construction of the pipeline will begin this year and it will go into operation in 2010. The pipeline would pass through 13 Chinese regions.It would carry natural gas from central Asian countries and Xinjiang to the economically prosperous but energy thirsty eastern and southern China areas, including Shanghai and Guangdong Province.

SHENZHEN: Companies in the Pearl River Delta area, the country's manufacturing powerhouse, are raising wages to attract migrant workers amid fears of a worsening labor shortage, a survey has shown.The survey was conducted by the service center of Guangzhou human resources markets, which looked at 252 companies with at least 200 employees each.The poll found out that the average monthly salary offered to new staff was up 13 percent from last year at 1,160 yuan (2).The survey also showed that nearly 70 percent of the companies said they will hire new employees this year, up 20 percent from the same period of last year.Still, the number of job-hunters has decreased and are said to be more picky, the Guangzhou Daily reported.The first job fair in Guangzhou after the Spring Festival break on Friday reportedly offered about 7,000 vacancies, but attracted only 4,000 job-seekers.Figures from the Guangzhou labor authority showed that sectors such as the textile, toy-making, construction, catering, electronics and service industries were top of the list for workers.It was particularly difficult for the textile and toy-making industries to hire workers since such companies could offer an average monthly salary of just 960 yuan, far below what is available across the board, the labor authority said.The situation was said to be similar in other cities in the Pearl River Delta region, such as Shenzhen and Dongguan, which has seen industrial restructuring and experienced the impact of the new labor law, researchers said.However, research by the Asian Footwear Association showed that close to 1,000 shoemaking factories closed or moved out of the Pearl River Delta region last year, with 25 percent setting up in Southeast Asian countries, 50 percent in other mainland cities and about 25 percent adopting a wait-and-see approach."The industrial repositioning of the Pearl River Delta region has forced some of the companies in the region, especially those with less competitive edge in the market, to close or move out," Ding Li, a researcher with Guangdong Academy of Social Sciences, said."The flow of migrant labor has been a clear indication of that."The appreciation of the yuan, raw material price hikes and adjustment of export policies have also seen many private firms and companies funded by businesses from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan slowing down demand for migrant workers, the Guangdong labor authority said.