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China's Premier Wen Jiabao said on Wednesday macro control measures should be further strengthened to prevent the fast-growing national economy from overheating. The monetary policies should be stable in general but "moderately tightened" to secure a stable and fast-growing economy, said Premier Wen at a meeting of the State Council. Wen said the country will continue to implement its current prudent fiscal and monetary policies. He called for fiscal policies to be more supportive of industrial restructuring. He said industrial production is growing at a rate that is faster than desired and the trade surplus is too big. China's trade surplus in May soared to US.45 billion, up 73 percent from the same month last year. Wen said the country would continue to adjust export rebates and tariffs on certain items while further improving policies to boost imports in a bid to address the climbing trade surplus. Sustained fast growth of investment, excessive liquidity in the capital market and rising inflation pressure also deserve more attention, said Wen. Wen said the government would control the supply of land and bank loans to high energy-consuming projects. He also said financial, fiscal and taxation measures should be employed to guide the flow of capital. He said there should be more channels for capital outflow and for the use of foreign exchange. Rising food prices have caused the consumer price index (CPI) to rise 3.4 percent in May, higher than the government's target of three percent. Wen pledged to stabilize food prices by ensuring the food supply and enhanced supervision over food quality.

A brand-new labor contract law comes into force from the New Year's Day that is expected to markedly propel rights for billions of Chinese workers."The government that is making the most concerted effort to protect workers rights is China," said Auret van Heerden, Geneva-based head of Fair Labor Association, which monitors work conditions in 60 countries.That "goes against the conventional wisdom that China is leading the race to the bottom," the Bloomberg News quoted Heerden as saying on Tuesday.The Labor Contract Law aims to improve job security for workers, making open-ended terms of employment for those employees who have completed two fixed terms with the same employer. The legislation limits overtime, sets minimum wages and guarantees one month's pay for each year worked for sacked employees. It is the first time that China's top legislature, the National People's Congress Standing Committee, has ruled on open-ended work contracts and severance pay for fired workers.The new law will make it more difficult for companies to hire temporary workers, a practice favored by exporters to cope with fluctuations in orders.One side-effect of the legislation will be higher labor costs for all employers in China. It is estimated that some labor-intensive businesses will have to raise their selling prices, or move to other places with lower cost.Olympus Corp., the world's No.4 digital camera maker, and Yue Yuen Industrial (Holdings) Ltd., the biggest maker of shoes for brands such as Nike Inc., are among companies shifting some production to Vietnam to cut costs.According to Chinese press reports, some companies have been terminating contracts and asking employees to resign ahead of the introduction of the law.Huawei Technologies Co., China's largest maker of telecommunications equipment, offered 7,000 workers new contracts with benefits if they terminated their old agreements, spokesman Ross Gan said.Some employees accepted, while others chose not to sign and left, he said, without providing details. The move wasn't aimed at evading legislation, Gan said in an email to the Bloomberg News.

XI'AN -- A fire burnt up trees and shrubs on a mountain that shrouds one of the most famed imperial mausoleums in the ancient city of Xi'an in northwest China's Shaanxi Province, but no damage was caused to the cultural relics, local museum officials said on Sunday.The fire broke out around 2:00 p.m. Saturday on the western part of a mountain that encased the tombs of a powerful Chinese empress Wu Zetian and her husband Gaozong in the Tang Dynasty (618-907). The Qianling Mausoleum, as the tombs are called, reportedly houses the most precious possessions of the two rulers, including paintings, ceramics, calligraphy works and jewelry articles.The fire was fanned up by sandstorms which struck the area on Saturday, said Fan Yingfeng, curator of the Qianling Museum.More than 100 local villagers and 15 fire-fighters managed to put out the fire around 3:10 p.m. on Saturday. About 30 trees and a few shrubs were lost to the blaze.Initial investigation showed the fire was caused by a deserted cigarette end in the dry grasses."Although the fire didn't cause any major damage, it reflected an urgent need to educate residents in neighboring villages to guard against fire risks," Fan said.He said lessons should be learnt from the destruction of a 600-year-old Namdaemun gate in Seoul, one of the most treasured landmarks in the Republic of Korea. The two-tiered gate was set ablaze by a man upset over a land dispute.

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The China Meteorological Ad-ministration (CMA) Tuesday announced the completion of a national climate observation network to help mitigate global warming.CMA director Zheng Guo-guang said the network would collect accurate information about climate change."Climate change is threatening the environment, state security and economic development," Zheng said.Responding to a UN plan, China's first climate observation network was set up in 1997. Seven departments - meteorology, water affairs, agriculture, environmental protection, forestry, ocean and scientific research - joined the network.The network set up 16 key observation areas, Zhang Renhe, director of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Director, said.These are: Atmosphere and land systems in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, glacier; water and ecological systems in the Tianshan Mountain area; Xilingol pastures in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region; Dunhuang desert in Gansu Province; forests in Northeast China; water circulation systems in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces; agriculture in the Yellow and Huaihe river basins; the lakes of Dongting and Poyang; the atmosphere around Mount Waliguan in Qinghai Province; ecological systems in source regions of the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers; the economic belt around Beijing; economic development zones in the Yangtze and Pearl river deltas; Sichuan Basin; the land-ocean-atmosphere system around Bohai Sea; air-sea interaction in the South China Sea; and comprehensive oceanic observations.By observation and data processing, the network should provide data about temperatures, glaciers, frozen soil, accumulated snow, aerosoles, greenhouse gases, ozone, plant and soil."This data can help China predict natural disasters, strengthen forecasts of extreme weather events and be more adaptable when it comes to industrial projects," Zheng said.A National Climate Change Program was released in June, which pledged to cut greenhouse gas emissions, but with no specific goals.

Two labor watchdog officers in north China's Shanxi Province have been detained by police in connection with the country's growing slave-worker scandal. Hou Junyuan, head of an inspection team in Yongji City's Labor and Social Security Bureau, was accused of dereliction of duty and detained yesterday afternoon. Another officer from the team, Shang Guangze, was arrested on charges of abuse of power and fired from his job. The two had transferred an underage laborer, who was from central China's Henan Province and was being sent back home, to another kiln for new employment, authorities said. Police have arrested 168 people and are seeking more than 20 other suspects involved in the forced-labor scandal. By Sunday night, 45,000 officers had raided more than 8,000 kilns and small coal mines in Shanxi and Henan provinces and freed 591 workers, including 51 children. Those charged with crimes are suspected not only of illegal employment practices but also of abduction, limiting others' freedom, employing underage workers and even murder. Meanwhile, the government of Shanxi's Hongtong County, where one of the most notorious kilns was located, has dispatched work teams to 12 provinces to compensate victims who were compelled to work in captivity. The central government plans to launch a nationwide survey of labor conditions in small kilns and collieries, and those who illegally employ children, force people to work or deliberately injure workers will be severely punished, the State Council warned.

CHONGQING -- A bus fire that killed 27 people in southwest China's Chongqing Municipality on Tuesday had been an arson attack, local police said on Wednesday.Xiao Yonghua, a former employee of the company that operates the ill-fated Yutong bus, hid gasoline in his baggage before he got on the bus that left Wansheng district for downtown Chongqing at around 5:00 pm on Tuesday, said Wang Yunsheng, deputy head of the municipal public security bureau.In less than 20 minutes, the bus carrying 38 people caught fire. The driver pulled over, and the panic-stricken passengers tried to flee. But the flames started in the front of the bus and blocked the exit.Twenty-seven were killed in the accident, including 17 men and 10 women, and the remaining 11 people were injured.One passenger, Zhang Dazhong, said he had to jump out of the window to survive but was injured on the head.Xiao, 50, was sitting with his wife, 38-year-old Zhang Xiaoya, in the first row on the left side of the bus, right behind the driver, said Wang.Both died in the fire.Lab work has confirmed the presence of gasoline traces on their seats.Until September 20, Xiao was deputy manager of the Wansheng branch of the Guanzhong Public Transport Company that owned the bus.He was suspended from his post because of family disputes, and was unhappy with the punishment, the company said.The Ministry of Public Security sent experts to join the investigation in Chongqing.Hospital sources said the 11 injured are out of danger.By 5:00 pm Wednesday, 26 of the dead have been identified by their families.

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China has been in the media spotlight for food safety recently, but it has gone all out to ensure that its food products are safe and to restore consumer confidence home and abroad.Its efforts seem to have accelerated with the publication of the first White Paper on food safety on August 17 and the naming of Vice-Premier Wu Yi as head of a high-profile panel on product quality and safety issues. That was followed by a series of efforts by government organs to tighten food safety measures.On August 31, the country's quality watchdog officially introduced the landmark recall system for unsafe food products and toys, making producers responsible for preventing and eliminating unsafe items.Food safety became a big concern in China after a series of food contamination cases were reported from across the country. Last November, the country's food safety watchdog found seven companies supplying red-yolk eggs that contained the dangerous Sudan Red dye, which is used in the leather and fabric industries but is banned from use in food products.The same month, three people were arrested in Shanghai for adding 3-4 grams of banned steroids to each ton of pig feed to increase the proportion of lean meat. The steroids, which prevent pigs from accumulating fat, can be harmful to humans. More than 300 people fell ill after eating meat from pigs that had been fed the steroids.Also last year, carcinogenic residues were found in turbots sold in Beijing and Shanghai markets. Even international fast food giant KFC was accused of adding the carcinogenic Sudan 1 dye to its roast chicken wings.Ministry of Health figures show that in the first half of this year, China reported 134 food poisoning cases, in which 4,457 people fell ill and 96 died.Food is China's biggest industry with last year's output estimated to be 2.4 trillion yuan (5.8 billion), according to the China National Food Industry Association.Bitter stories made the rounds after people fell victim to food poisoning. In June 2006, more than 130 people contracted parasitic diseases after eating undercooked snails in a restaurant. One of them was Yang Fangfang. His family, including his parents, wife and 18-month daughter, fell ill.The Beijing Health Bureau said the infection was caused because the food was not cooked properly and because the restaurant had failed to remove eel-worms in the snails.Although Yang survived, he still complains of pain, sometimes severe, in his lower body and stomach. A gourmet before the incident, Yang now regards food as a potential threat to his life.In overseas markets, substandard exports from China since March - from pet food, drugs, toothpastes and toys to aquatic products and tires - has sparked concern over "made-in-China" products. Diethylene glycol contaminated medicine exported from China was been blamed for dozens of deaths in Panama. Deaths of some dogs and cats in North America were attributed to tainted Chinese wheat gluten.Jing Luyan, 24, who works for a Beijing-based travel agency, says she trusts the government and the media for information on food safety issues."If they say I shouldn't eat something, then I stop immediately, it's as simple as that," Jing says. Many of her colleagues and friends do the same.Pressure from home and abroad prompted the Chinese government to acknowledge that the country's food and drug safety situation was not satisfactory and that enhanced supervision was needed. At a press conference in July, China's food and drug watchdog spokeswoman Yan Jiangying said: "As a developing country, China's food and drug supervision work began late and its foundations are weak. Therefore, the food and drug safety situation is not something we can be optimistic about".The press conference was held jointly by five major ministries in charge of food safety: the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Health, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the State Food and Drug Administration.It was a rare attempt by the government to seriously address the issue, and it enumerated a series of measures to be taken. But it failed to offer a convincing mechanism for coordinating work among the five ministries, leaving the murky regulation of food safety unresolved.There have been worries over China's food safety supervision because at least five ministries are in charge of food safety and coordination among them is no easy job.Vice-Minister of Health Wang Longde went on the record as saying that new laws were needed to strengthen food safety supervision and the duties of relevant government agencies had to be coordinated. The government has stepped up efforts since then to address the issue to restore confidence in Chinese food products sold at home and abroad.China's first-ever White Paper on food safety published recently sets forth a series of achievements along with planned measures to improve food quality - from setting up a national food recall system to increasing exchanges with quality officials from other countries.Wu Yi's panel, meant to address the country's problems in food safety and product quality, partly dispelled people's concerns over lax supervision of food safety owing to too many regulators. Analysts say the newly set up panel, headed by Wu Yi, will improve supervision.The government, on its part, has started a four-month nationwide campaign to improve food safety and product quality. Wu describes the campaign as a "special battle" to ensure public health and uphold the reputation of Chinese products. The campaign will target farm produce, processed food, the catering sector, drugs, pork, imported and exported goods and products closely linked to human safety and health.Luo Yunbo, dean of the food science and nutritional engineering school of China Agricultural University, says the White Paper offers authoritative information on food safety, and the latest moves reflect the government's determination to improve product quality.The paper says the percentage of food products that passed quality inspections had risen steadily in recent years, up from 77.9 last year to 85.1 percent this year. As for small food processors, believed to be a major food safety threat in China, the paper says the country will prompt small-scale producers to form larger entities to ensure better food safety.Almost 80 percent of China's food producers operate in small workshops employing fewer than 10 workers. By the end of June, the government had weeded out 5,631 unqualified small producers, forced 8,814 to stop production and asked 5,385 to improve their standard.The number of small food producers will be halved by 2010, the quality supervision administration said after the country published its first-ever five-year plan on food safety in May. Also, the government wants to weed out all uncertified producers by 2012.The government is seriously addressing overseas concerns over Chinese food products. It has shut down the factory that supplied the tainted medicine to Panama, and two firms that exported contaminated wheat and corn protein, which ended up in pet food in the United States, killing a number of dogs and cats in North America.The country's top quality watchdog has announced that all major food exports produced from September 1 have to carry labels showing they have passed inspection to help stop illegal exports and bolster consumer confidence in the quality and safety of Chinese food products.The White Paper says the acceptance rate of Chinese foodstuffs exported to the European Union (EU) was 99.8 percent in the first half of this year, followed exports to the US (99.1 percent).Japanese quarantine authorities found Chinese food exports had the highest acceptance rate, 99.42 percent, followed by the EU (99.38 percent) and then the US (98.69 percent).But food safety cannot be improved greatly overnight, and people seem to differ on what they can do as individuals to bring about lasting change.Take Jing Luyan, for instance, who is fond of tasting different types of food, especially traditional Beijing snacks. But traditional snacks are usually cooked in shabby restaurants in small alleys."I believe that the most delicious food can hardly ever be found in swanky establishments with irreproachable hygienic conditions," says Jing.She has never fallen ill after eating at street corner stalls, she says.

NANJING -- Sixty-two years after Japan's surrender in the Second World War on Wednesday, Chinese and Japanese marked the event together with calls for world peace.In Nanjing, capital of east China's Jiangsu Province where the notorious Nanjing Massacre occurred, a 48-strong delegation of the Japanese left-wing group Mei Shin Kai commemorated the day.A Japanese woman prays in front of a monument for war victims during a gathering in memory of the end of the World War II, in Nanjing, East China's Jiangsu Province August 15, 2007. [newsphoto]"We pledge today to continue working for world peace and telling people the true history," said Matsuoka Tamaki, a primary school teacher from Osaka and head of the delegation.Tamaki started visiting veterans of the war in 1998 in the hope of discovering the truth about Japan's controversial history. Based on the accounts of six veterans, she identified a site in Nanjing, where more than 1,000 Chinese were killed during the massacre.According to her findings, the victims were led to Taipingmen in east Nanjing on Dec, 13 1937, and bayoneted, shot or forced to step on land mines.To make sure everyone was dead, the Japanese soldiers made a thorough search the next day and bayoneted those who still breathing, Tamaki said."This is a new finding," said Zhu Chengshan, curator of the Memorial Hall of the Victims in the Nanjing Massacre, noting that more than 20 sites, most by the Yangtze River, have been recognized as massacre sites.Zhu said he would erect a memorial monument at the Taipingmen site.Invading Japanese troops occupied Nanjing on December 13, 1937, and launched a six-week massacre. Chinese records show more than 300,000 people, not only disarmed soldiers but also civilians, were killed.Japanese college student Hitomi Fukugawa, 21, visiting China for the first time, said she was astonished at survivors' stories. "In Japan I learnt little about the invasion, but now I feel I have more to learn," she said.In northeast China's Heilongjiang Province, Wednesday was the first Peace Day in Qiqihar, site of the first battle against Japanese troops after they launched their invasion on September 18, 1931.Performances were held to mark the day the war ended, and more than 3,000 pupils drew symbols of peace on an 815-meter-long banner."We should remember the tribulations of war on this day and cherish peace," said businessman Wang Xinghai, 35, at the memorial wall on the Peace Square.In Shenyang, capital of Liaoning, elderly people gathered to recall the war."I saw a Japanese soldier kill a six-year-old kid with his bayonet and slay a newly-wed couple," said 87-year-old Sun Shizhen in sorrow.Veteran Shan Lizhi, 96, said, "All our sacrifices were made for peace and prosperity.""Remembering history doesn't mean harboring hatred," said Wang Jianxue, head of the Warfare Research Institute of "9.18". "Our country was weak at that time, and we should tell our young people to work hard for China's rejuvenation."In Beijing, a set of surgical tools and the wooden trunk used by Canadian surgeon Norman Bethune were donated to the Chinese Museum of Anti-Japanese War on Wednesday.Bethune came to China in 1938 and set up a front-line mobile hospital where he operated on wounded soldiers. He is credited with saving thousands of lives.In Chengdu, capital of Sichuan Province, more than 200 people laid flowers at the monument for dead Sichuan soldiers, a bronze statue of a soldier in a bamboo hat, carrying a grenade and holding a gun facing east.During the eight-year war, about three million Sichuan soldiers fought and more than 600,000 died.Holding a bouquet of white chrysanthemums, a man in his 70s who declined to be named said, "We should never forget those who died for the liberation of our country and value peace for them."

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If you fancy "chicken without sexual life", "husband and wife's lung slice" or even "bean curd made by a pock-marked woman" then you will have to look elsewhere."Spring chicken", "pork lungs in chili sauce" and "stir-fried tofu in hot sauce" are the correct translations of dishes at some Beijing restaurants, according to an initiative designed to help visitors navigate bilingual menus.Currently, odd translations of food served up in the capital's eateries are causing food for thought.The Beijing Speaks Foreign Languages Program, and the Beijing tourism administration, is about to change all that.The project is part of Beijing's municipal tourism administration's preparation for the Olympic Games next year, when at least 500,000 foreigners are expected to visit.Beginning March 2006, the translation project gathered a database of dishes and drinks from 3-star rated hotels and large restaurants. A draft list was put online at the end of last year seeking public feedback.Subsequently, a second draft added more than 400 common dishes at restaurants in Beijing's Houhai and Wangjing districts, where foreigners like to gather.The recent draft has been online since last Saturday, at www.bjenglish.com.cn and www.bjta.gov.cn.The finished draft is likely to be published in October, said an official with the Beijing Speaks Foreign Languages Program, quoted by the Beijing News.The final version will be published online and "recommended" to restaurants.Restaurants will not be forced by the government to use the suggested translations, the newspaper quoted an unnamed tourism administration official as saying.

The government has earmarked 6 billion yuan (4 million) to pay for energy conservation projects to be launched before the end of this year, a senior official from the top economic planner said Monday."The special funds will support 10 major energy-saving projects, such as reducing the use of petroleum and developing petroleum substitutes and green lighting technology. It is hoped these developments will help the country use less energy," Xie Zhenhua, vice-minister of National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), said at the China Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Forum 2007."Incentives have been devised to encourage enterprises to save energy. Enterprises will receive financial aid according to the energy they can save while reducing emissions."Xie said the central government has also set aside an additional 2 billion yuan to compensate local governments and enterprises for eliminating excess production capacity in the latter half of this year.The government has set a target of reducing energy consumption per unit of GDP by 20 percent between 2006 and 2010, with annual cuts of 4 percent. However, the decrease was only 1.33 percent last year compared with 2005."If we cannot reverse this situation in a timely manner, it will be difficult to meet this year's energy-saving target, which could have an unfavorable effect on the energy-saving and emissions-reduction targets in the 11th Five-Year Plan," Xie said.To prevent this from happening, the government will accelerate the elimination of obsolete production capacity in 13 sectors.He also said the NDRC and the State Environmental Protection Administration will soon organize a conference on the recycling economy in Chongqing.The government will guide the price of power from small thermal power plants, and raise excise taxes on resource-consuming products such as refined oil, automobiles and solid wood floors.