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BEIJING, May 3 (Xinhua) -- Decoupling from the world, and the economic downturn much of it is experiencing, has proven impossible for China. But its resilience is receiving more recognition, with many leading financial institutions upgrading their 2009 growth forecasts since mid-April.     The adjustments for gross domestic product (GDP) growth, ranging from 0.5 to 2.3 percentage points, were based on signs of a turnaround in the first quarter. These indicators included stronger-than-expected real GDP growth, recovering property investment, a pick-up in power consumption and a surge in bank lending.     Merrill Lynch & Co. said it expected China's GDP to grow 7.2 percent in the second quarter and 8 percent this year, while Goldman Sachs raised its projection from 6 percent to 8.3 percent, the most optimistic forecast so far. Other forecasts include UBS, which raised its estimate by 0.5 point to 7 percent and CLSA Asia-Pacific, which lifted its outlook by 1.5 point to 7 percent.     China's policymakers can take heart from these forecasts. Every upward revision, big or small, given the global economic slowdown, might point to a better chance for the nation to achieve its 8-percent growth target. That level of growth is considered necessary to raise living standards while maintaining social stability.     But there's still the question of whether rapid growth is sustainable. Some analysts believe it isn't unless China can rebalance its economy and achieve higher efficiency, lower environmental costs and a more reasonable balance among investment, trade and consumption.     QUANTITY OR QUALITY?     In an interview with Xinhua, Stephen Roach, chairman of Morgan Stanley Asia, urged Chinese authorities to get more serious about stimulating private consumption because the global economy remains "pretty weak" and might only achieve a weak recovery.     "China has responded to the crisis the way it has always responded to global problems. That is, using proactive fiscal stimulus mainly in the infrastructure area to provide temporary support in the downturn until the global economy comes back. It worked in the 1997 Asian financial crisis and the 2000-2001 mild recession. But this is a different sort of problem," said Roach.     "Once the stimulus wears off and if there is no follow-through, the Chinese economy will weaken again. I don't think exports will recover in the weak global economy."     Domestic economists voice similar worries, saying that the speed of growth doesn't matter as much as the quality. Liu Shangxi, deputy dean of the Research Institute for Fiscal Science at the Ministry of Finance, said that the 6.1-percent year-on-year growth in the first quarter had been "fairly good" for China. But, he said, "sometimes, it's worth slowing down a bit to have the economy move more stably."     Wang Xiaoguang, an economist with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the chief planning agency. said that the government's annual growth target had become mostly symbolic.     For five years in a row, the target was 8 percent, and for five years in a row, the growth rate overshot the target. Wang said the government had faced a dilemma: a cut in the target might undermine public confidence while a rise might tempt local governments to over-invest to meet a high growth target.     The turnaround signs mostly reflected the impact of the 4-trillion-yuan (586 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package. Meanwhile, retail sales still trailed investment in contributing to growth. Local economists warned that the economy remained unbalanced and vulnerable.     "Historical records show that adjustments in the Chinese economy would take two to three years, on average. Seven months have passed since the impact of the global financial crisis began to tell on the local economy.     "With a turnaround in sight, recovery might come earlier than expected but there are still risks of a further slowdown," Chen Dongqi, deputy chief of the Macro-Economic Research Institute under the NDRC, told a business development forum in Guangdong in late April.     BUYING CURE     It's widely accepted among economists that China should boost domestic private consumption by leading individuals to buy more and save less. The key question is: how?     "Two big programs" Roach advocates call for doubling the investment in social security immediately to 150 billion U.S. dollars and establishing a goal of raising consumption as a share of the economy from 36 percent to 50 percent within five years.     "What I think is missing here is the social safety net, social security pension and unemployment insurance. Because of the absence of the safety net, China has seen a high level of precautionary saving," he said.     Roach suggested that China develop a private pension system in particular so total employee compensation could rise in tandem with productivity. "Chinese companies need to partner with their workers and provide medical care [and] retirement investing for their workforce. Chinese workers' total pay package should have both wages and benefits," he said.     Liu agreed that the primary task in expanding consumption was to raise incomes. "Securing the legitimate interests of workers is particularly significant when the economy slumps. It would be like drinking poison to quench one's thirst if businesses sought to expand corporate earnings at the cost of workers' pay and benefits," he said.     Low labor costs and massive capacity have propped up China's prosperity over the past decades. But the proportion of wages to national income has been on a long decline since the 1990s.     Between 2002 and 2006 alone, economists estimate the figure dropped from 62.1 percent to 57.1 percent. Meanwhile, the contribution of consumption to GDP growth fell from 43.6 percent to 38.9 percent.     "A more meaningful index to judge the sustainability of China's economic growth would be the proportion of wages to national income," Liu said. "If this ratio did not rise, people would remain poor, and thus expanding consumption would be empty talk."     Chinese are far from wealthy. Only 4 percent of the workforce, and just 10 percent of the urban workforce, earn more than 2,000 yuan a month, the threshold for individual income tax.     As Chinese residents hold 2.43 trillion yuan in aggregate deposits, economists say one immediate way to boost consumption would be to stabilize spending on staple property -- including housing and automobiles -- and support tourism and cultural activities.     "People spend much of their money on housing and food. The government should encourage people to entertain themselves more," Wang said.     CHINA 'NO LOCOMOTIVE'     Although China might be the first major economy to recover from the downturn, economists disagree on when China will return to sustained high growth.     Morgan Stanley, for example, has forecast a firm recovery by mid-year, but said sustainable growth through 2010 would still hinge on what happens in other countries.     "China will be stronger. But will that strength be enough to allow others to follow in its footsteps? I don't think so," said Roach.     "Most of China's resilience comes from infrastructure building, roads, property consumption ... [this] won't have an impact on the United States and Europe. This resilience is only temporary while its stimulus is local rather than global."     Central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan also warned in late April during World Bank-IMF meetings in Washington that the rebound in China's economy had to be consolidated. He said conditions in China would permit rapid economic development again, once macroeconomic policies such as the stimulus plan took effect.     Challenging internal and external conditions, he said, included continuously shrinking external demand, a relatively large decline in exports, overcapacity in some industries, falling government revenue and lingering employment pressure.     As China emerges from the shadow of the downturn, together with many of its Western partners, the world is closely watching the socialist market economy that it is still trying to develop.     It was interesting to see that there was much "the ideologically-constrained West" could learn from China, just as there was much China could learn from the West, said Roach.     "China has gone slow in many areas, especially in the opening up of its financial market. But China made the right choice," he said.     "Focusing on stability is a huge plus for China. But the nation must be vigilant in its financial policies, especially monetary and regulatory policies, and not allow asset bubbles and financial innovations it doesn't understand," said Roach.

OTTAWA, June 22 (Xinhua) -- It is to the greater benefits of the peoples in both China and Canada should the two governments make concerted efforts to promote the healthy and stable development of bilateral relations and further enhance cooperation, visiting Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi said here Monday.     During his meeting with Noel A. Kinsella, Speaker of Canada's Senate, Yang spoke highly of the two country's past efforts in advancing relations since the establishment of diplomatic ties in 1970 and hoped more could be done to further enhance bilateral ties. Visiting Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi (L) shakes hands with Noel A. Kinsella, Speaker of Canada's Senate, at parliament hill in Ottawa, capital of Canada, June 22, 2009. Yang arrived in Ottawa on June 21 for a two-day official visit to the country. The successful meeting between Chinese President Hu Jintao and Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper in July 2008 on the sidelines of the outreach session of the Group of Eight (G8) summit added more vigor in the enhancement of Sino-Canadian relations, Yang added.     Yang said China and Canada, being important nations of the Asia-Pacific region, share broad interests as well as great potential of bilateral cooperation in every field. Both governments are therefore obliged to devote more efforts to furthering this friendly relationship so as to better tap on this potential for the interests of both peoples. Visiting Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi (2nd L) meets with Noel A. Kinsella (2nd R), Speaker of Canada's Senate, at parliament hill in Ottawa, capital of Canada, June 22, 2009. Yang arrived in Ottawa on June 21 for a two-day official visit to the country. China would work with Canada to handle bilateral relationship from a strategic height and long-term perspective, continuously strengthen bilateral dialogue and communications, respect each other's benefits and concerns and properly handle sensitive bilateral issues so as to guarantee a healthy and smooth development of ties in the future, Yang said.     Kinsella agreed with Yang's comments on bilateral relations and shared Yang's calling for stronger ties while reiterating his understanding and support for the "One-China policy."     He also pledged to advance the good relations between the legislatures of both countries, while stressing the importance of closer communications between young people of the two countries.     The speaker appreciated the constructive role that China has been playing in seeking diplomatic solution of regional conflicts and praised China for deploying navy forces to the waters off the Somali coast to fight the pirates.     Yang Jiechi arrived in Ottawa Sunday for a two-day official visit at the invitation of his Canadian counterpart Lawrence Cannon. 

DALIAN, May 25 (Xinhua) -- China started the trading of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) futures contracts at 9 a.m. at DALIAN Commodity Exchange Monday, with September contract V909 opening 275 yuan higher at 6575 yuan per ton.     After steel futures and rice futures, this is the third new futures trading launched in China this year.     PVC is a kind of synthetic resin widely used in construction, plumbing, electric wires and packaging. China is the world's largest PVC manufacturer, with an annual output of 8.82 million tonnes last year. A trading staff looks at the price of futures contracts at the hall of the Dalian Commodity Exchange in Dalian, a coastal city in northeast China's Liaoning Province, May 25, 2009. China started the trading of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) futures contracts at 9 a.m. at Dalian Commodity Exchange Monday, with September contract V909 opening 275 yuan higher at 6575 yuan per ton. China is the world's largest PVC manufacturer, with an annual output of 8.82 million tonnes last year

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ZHENGZHOU, June 20 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang has urged economic restructuring to tap the growth potential as the nation copes with the impact of the global downturn.     Li made the call during a four-day tour ending Saturday in central China's Henan Province.     He said that with the concerted efforts nationwide, China's economy was turning for the better. He nevertheless warned of difficulties ahead citing the complicated world economy and called for confidence and more coping efforts.     Visiting local companies, Li urged the remolding and upgrading of traditional industries and the development of new sectors including new energy, environmental protection, new and high-tech and modern services.     Li's trip also highlighted the importance of agriculture and encouraged renovation and the development of modern agriculture. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (R), who is also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, talks to local residents of Mazhuang village, Qiaobei town, Yuanyang county, central China's Henan Province, June 19, 2009. Li Keqiang made a four-day tour in Henan Province that ended Saturday.

BEIJING, April 29 (Xinhua)-- China has allocated 23 billion yuan (3.37billion U.S. dollars) for energy saving, anti-pollution, ecological and environmental protection projects since the fourth quarter of last year, a senior official told Xinhua Wednesday.     Han Yongwen, secretary-general of the National Development and Reform Commission, said investment in these sectors accounted for 10 percent of the 230 billion yuan government spending to date on infrastructure, ecological and environmental sectors, quake relief and other areas.     China unveiled a 4-trillion-yuan stimulus package in November last year to be spent over the next two years with 1.18 trillion yuan spending from the central government, to cope with the adverse effects of the global financial crisis and shore up the domestic economy.     "This ratio of 10 percent was not low. It shows that the central government not only focuses on stimulating domestic demand and keeping stable economic growth, but also stresses laying a good foundation for the economy's sustainable development in the long run," Han said.     Of the 23 billion yuan spending, 13 billion went to improving urban water treatment facilities, 4 billion yuan to pollution prevention projects on the Huaihe and other big rivers, 3.5 billion yuan to forest planting projects and the other 2.5 billion yuan to key energy saving projects across the country.

HELSINKI, June 26 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang on Friday outlined guidelines for boosting Sino-Finnish relations in political, economic and social fields.     Politically, top leaders and senior officials of China and Finland should continue to frequently visit each other to improve the mechanism for bilateral cooperation, said Li while meeting with Finnish President Tarja Halonen. Economically, the two countries should make good use of their respective competitive advantages which compliment each other to deepen their pragmatic cooperation in business, environment, energy and other fields, he said.     Socially, China and Finland should promote exchanges in culture, education, health, tourism and other fields to build a stronger social base for their bilateral relations, he added. Finnish President Tarja Halonen (R Front) meets with Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (L Front) in Helsinki, June 25, 2009    Li also called for enhanced communications and consultations between the two countries in international affairs.     On China-EU relations, Li said that China has always been committed to developing a comprehensive strategic partnership with EU and Sino-EU relationship was of strategic importance in China's foreign policy.     Both China and EU should cherish the hard-earned good relationship between the two sides, make dialogue and cooperation as its cornerstone, base it on mutual respect and equality, and maintain the principle of seeking common ground while reserving differences.     Li said China appreciates the efforts Finland has made to promote the healthy development in China-EU relations and hopes Finland will continue to play a constructive role in enhancing the political mutual trust between China and EU and pushing for closer China-EU cooperation.     For her part, Halonen said that both Finland and China value their relationship, adding that communication and cooperation in political, economic, cultural, educational and social fields have been going on smoothly, which has a positive impact on bilateral relations.     Finland has attached great importance to its relations with China and is willing to be a positive force in shaping EU-China relationship, she told Li.     She also said that the Finnish government and companies would actively participate in the 2010 World Expo to be held in Shanghai, China.     The Finnish president extended an invitation through Li to her Chinese counterpart Hu Jintao for visiting Finland when the Chinese top leader feels convenient.     Li arrived in Helsinki on Thursday for a three-day official visit to the northern European nation.

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BEIJING, May 27 (Xinhua) -- China's State Council announced Wednesday further support policies, including expanded export credit insurance, tax breaks and more financial access, to help exporters. An executive meeting of the State Council, or Cabinet, also said the country would keep the yuan "basically stable" at a "reasonable and balanced" level to help exporters avoid exchange risks.     The meeting was presided over by Premier Wen Jiabao. This file photo shows the launch of the Jan Van Cent, a 12,000-tonnage multi-purposed oceangoing freight ship for an export order to the Netherlands, is held at the Yichang Shipyard, in Yichang, central China's Hubei Province, May 9, 2009    The government will provide 84 billion U.S. dollars worth of short-term export credit insurance to trading companies to help increase exports.     Preferential policies and tax breaks will mainly go to labor-intensive and high-tech industries to protect world market share.     Smaller companies would get more financing guarantees from financial institutions, as the government promised to allocate unspecified extra funding from the central budget.     Shrinking external demand that lead to export declines would remain "the biggest difficulty" facing the economy, participants to the meeting agreed.     They also called for coordinated efforts in expanding domestic demand and stabilizing exports, so as to reduce the impact of global financial crisis on China's foreign trade to the minimum.     China raised export rebates on some products after exports shrank on weakening overseas demand since the second half of 2008. For example, the government raised the tax rebate rate for textiles five times since August, most recently last month when the rate went from 15 percent to 16 percent. 

BEIJING, June 30 (Xinhua) -- Taiwan authority opened up the island to Chinese mainland investment Tuesday with 100 categories of manufacturing, service and infrastructure sectors in the initial opening-up list.     The move marks a historic breakthrough of decades-long hopes for two-way investments across the Taiwan Straits.     Under two new regulations in effect Tuesday, mainland individuals, companies and institutions can set up branch offices, wholly-owned or joint-venture companies on the island.     They have to get approval from Taiwan economic affairs authority in advance, according to the regulations.     Investment from firms based outside the Chinese mainland, in which mainland ownership is more than 30 percent, will also be regarded as mainland investment in Taiwan, the regulations said.     In the initial phase, the Taiwan authority allows mainland investment in 64 categories in manufacturing sector, 25 categories in service sector, and 11 categories in infrastructure sector on the island.     Mainland investment would "help Taiwan's economy prosper" and make international investors more confident in Taiwan market, said John Chen-Chung Deng, deputy head of Taiwan's economic affairs authority, at Tuesday's press conference.     The investment would help increase industry capital in Taiwan and make its financial market more vigorous, he said.     Through two-way cross-Straits investments, the two sides could jointly explore mainland and international markets, he told the press conference.     The formalization of cross-Straits investment is a long-term objective, he said. The opening-up will advance in a "gradual" way and "will be expanded as long as the initial investment bears fruits."     The Taiwan authority planned to send a team to the mainland to attract investment in the second half of this year, he said. Taiwan welcomes mainland companies to conduct investigations for investment on the island.     For the convenience of mainland investors in Taiwan, the relevant authority in Taiwan has also set down regulations on issues including medical service, education, financial need and house purchasing for both the investors and their family, according to the official.     BREAKTHROUGH IN TWO-WAY INVESTMENT     Experts said the move marks the end of the one-way flow of capital from Taiwan to the mainland, and is a basic indicator of the normalization of economic and trade ties between the two sides.     Zhang Yansheng, director of the Institute of Foreign Trade under the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), said the influx of mainland capital would greatly boost Taiwan's gross production value, tax income and employment.     The investment would not only benefit Taiwan companies harshly hit by the international financial turmoil, but also enhance competitiveness of mainland companies, he said.     Liu Xiaohong, deputy general manager of Quanjude (Group) Co. Ltd., a Beijing-based company that specializes in the famous Peking roast duck, said the newly announced regulations have cleared major obstacles and will accelerate the company's pace to open outlets in Taiwan.     Direct transport, postal service and trade was totally cut off between the two sides since the Chinese civil war ended in 1949.     On Jan. 1, 1979, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, or the top legislature, called for an early realization of the three direct cross-Straits links on transport, mail and trade in its "Message to Compatriots in Taiwan". After 1979, the mainland allowed Taiwan products to enter at lower tax rates or tax-exemption.     In July 1988, the State Council, or the Cabinet, issued regulations encouraging Taiwan compatriots to invest on the mainland.     The mainland has been the largest trade partner of Taiwan since 2003, with annual trading volume surpassing 100 billion U.S. dollars.     Tuesday's announcement came about two months after the mainland and Taiwan reached a historic consensus on allowing mainland companies to invest in Taiwan during talks between the two sides top negotiators on cross-Straits relations.

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LANZHOU, June 11 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping has called for different levels of Party and government leaders to make contributions that will bring long-term benefits and could stand up to the test of time and people's evaluation.     Xi made the call during during a four-day trip to Gansu that ended on Wednesday. Gansu is a hinterland province that was also hit by a magnitude-8.0 quake centered in southwestern Sichuan Province last May. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (R, front) talks with a villager while inspecting the post-earthquake reconstruction at Jiajiasi Village in Qinzhou District, Tianshui City of northwest China's Gansu Province, on June 8, 2009. Xi made an inspection tour in Gansu from June 7 to June 10.He asked local leaders to be hardworking, embrace frugality and passion in their work and carry forward and promote the good traditions and revolutionary spirit of the Communist Party of China (CPC).     During the trip, Xi paid visits to rural households, enterprise workshops, schools, research institutes and spent time chitchatting with farmers. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (C) visits villager Han Huaiqing at Liyuanbao Village in Huachi County, Qingyang City of northwest China's Gansu Province, on June 7, 2009. Xi made an inspection tour in Gansu from June 7 to June 10In villager Han Huaiqing's home, Xi and Han talked about the promotion of new corn planting technologies, price fluctuations of commodities, the implementation of rural medicare system and reduction of agricultural taxes.     In enterprise workshops, Xi asked about enterprise restructuring, a way adopted by local enterprises to offset the impact of the global economic downturn. He also urged efforts to help enterprises to overcome difficulties in production and operation.     In villages that were affected by the massive earthquake, Xi urged local officials to place reconstruction of the quake-battered area at the top of their agenda and called for high quality in reconstruction projects. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (C) visits the school library of Lanzhou University, in Lanzhou, capital of northwest China's Gansu Province, on June 9, 2009. Xi made an inspection tour in Gansu from June 7 to June 10.

BEIJING, June 2 (Xinhua) -- China's national college entrance exam saw a decrease in candidates for the first time in the past seven years, said the Ministry of Education Tuesday.     About 10.2 million people registered to attend the upcoming exam, down 3.8 percent year on year, according to the ministry.     In contrast, candidates for the exam saw a continuous increase from 2002 to 2008, jumping from 5.27 million in 2002 to 10.5 million in 2008.     This year's examinees would have more opportunities to enter colleges as they would compete for 6.29 million seats in China's universities and colleges, up four percent from last year, the ministry's figure showed.     About half of the country's provinces and regions earlier reported a decrease in candidate number. Some media reports came to the conclusion that greater employment pressure caused by the international economic downturn led to the drop.     "I don't agree with this view," said Jiang Gang, deputy director of the ministry's college students office.     "The drop of candidate number is mainly due to the decline of senior high school graduates," he said.     Jiang, however, admitted the financial crisis did inflict great pressure the country's job market.     In China, most of the candidates for higher education are students finishing three-year study in senior high schools.     Figures from the National Bureau of Statistics showed the number of senior high school graduates decreased from 8.49 million last year to 8.34 million this year. It is estimated to be 8.03 million in 2010.     College graduates are having a hard time finding jobs this year as posts are being axed due to the economic slowdown.     China has 6.11 million college students due to graduate this year, and one million from last year are still looking for jobs, according to the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.     Known as "gao kao" in Chinese, the national college entrance exam, which falls on June 7 to 9 each year, is the largest examination in the world. The exam can change the candidates' lives in a fiercely competitive society.