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关于收入确认与成本结转的思考

BEIJING, Feb. 6 (Xinhua) -- The worst drought in half a century in northern China will continue until next month, although it will be eased slightly by rainfall forecasted for the next ten days, according to the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) on Friday.     In March, rainfall in most parts of the wheat-growing areas in northern China is expected to be slightly less or close to normal. However, the wheat crops in Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Henan and Anhui will continue to suffer, said Xiao Ziniu, director of the National Climate Center (NCC) under the CMA said at a videoconference. Workers of a power company help a farmer to irrigate the field in Wuhe County, east China's Anhui Province, Feb. 5, 2009. China raised the drought emergency class Thursday from level two to level one, the highest alert, in response to the worst drought to hit northern China in half a century, according to a State Council meeting.China declared the highest level of emergency on Thursday in response to the rare drought which began in November. President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao have ordered all-out efforts to combat the severe drought in the country's vast wheat-growing area to ensure a good summer harvest.     About half of the total, or 78.77 million mu (5.25 million hectares) of the affected wheat lands have been irrigated in the nation's eight wheat-growing provinces as of Feb. 5, according to data released by the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) on Friday. Soldiers of armed police force help a farmer to irrigate his field in Huainan, east China's Anhui Province, Feb. 5, 2009. The ministry said it would offer farmers subsidies on irrigation equipment purchase to aid the relief work. Prices of the facilities should not be higher than the market price for last year.     Buying water pump and the watering machinery will be subsidized to meet the urgent demand of the anti-drought effort, said an official with the ministry, stressing that the product quality should be insured.     The area of affected crops has expanded to 161 million mu by Feb. 6. 4.37 million people and 2.1 million livestock are facing drinking water shortage, according to data released by the Office of State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters. People barrel drinking water supplied by the local government at Chengguan Township in Ruyang County of Luoyang City, central China's Henan Province, Feb. 4, 2009. The city had received a reduced effective rainfall since October 2008, almost 80 percent less than in the same period of previous years. The local government has allocated some 25 million yuan (3.65 million U.S. dollars) for drought relief and crops protectionThe scarcity of rain in some parts of the north and central provinces is the worst in recorded history, as the drought spanned from autumn to winter -- a weather trend not witnessed in years, according to Sun Zhengcai, the Minister of Agriculture. The situation in some areas is extremely severe, he said.     Lack of rain has created a layer of three-to-ten-centimeter of dry soil in many parts of northern China, Sun said.     As the drought will not be relieved in the short-run, more seedlings are likely to be killed as spring approaches, which could threatened the summer harvest. Photo taken on Feb. 5, 2009 shows a dead wheat seedling in the farmland of Taiping township of Huining County, northwest China's Gansu Province. The county has suffered from serious drought since September 2008 with about 150,667 hektares of farmland and 184,000 people and 326,000 livestocks short of water. MOA data showed more than 2.3 million mu of wheat seedlings in Henan, Anhui and Shandong provinces had perished.     This year's summer harvest became more unpredictable as Puccinia striiformis, or stripe rust, one of the most damaging wheat disease began to show signs of spreading across the nation, MOA warned.     The dangerous disease, which could cause losses up to 40 percent, has affected more than 11.3 million mu (753,000 hectares) of wheat in seven provinces, 4.6 million mu more than the same period last year. The northwestern Gansu and Ningxia saw the worst outbreak in 19 years.

PATTAYA, Thailand, April 11 (Xinhua) -- China, Japan and South Korea agreed here Saturday to continue pushing forward the Six-Party talks aimed at realizing denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula.     The consensus was reached when Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, Japanese Prime Minister Taro Aso and South Korean President Lee Myung-bak met here to discuss the recent rocket launch by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.     Discussions about related issues should be conducive to maintaining the progress of the Six-Party talks, peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula and in Northeast Asia, Wen said. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao meets with Japanese Prime Minister Taro Aso(r) and President of the Republic of Korea (ROK) Lee Myung Bak(l) in Pattaya, Thailand, on April 11, 2009    Any action that may further complicate the situation should be avoided, he emphasized.     The three leaders also agreed to strengthen cooperation between China, Japan and South Korea and push forward their cooperation with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.     The three leaders expected to meet in China later this year for the second summit of Chinese, Japanese and South Korean leaders.

NANJING, Feb. 3 (Xinhua) -- China's Vice Premier Wang Qishan said on Monday that the country should take advantage of the rare opportunity to expand the outsourcing industry.     The State Council has identified 20 pilot cities to take part in a program that offers perks to businesses that opt to participate in outsourcing. The program will help ensure economic growth, industry restructuring and the job promotion -- notably for the college graduates, according to Wang in an industry meeting held on Monday in the east city of Nanjing.     The government would offer more support in tax breaks, financing, and vocational training, Wang said.     The Vice Premier noted it was important to nurture China's outsourcing industry, and local governments should create sound legal conditions to pave the way for the industry expansion.     Twenty cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Xi'an, Suzhou and Hangzhou, have been designated for pilot service outsourcing programs. Beginning Jan. 1, these companies are eligible for tax breaks, financial support, subsidies and intellectual property rights protection, the Ministry of Commerce (MOC) said on Monday.     More multinational companies and financial institutions, hard hit by the global financial crisis outsource their business to less costly regions. This creates an opportunity for Chinese outsourcing companies, said vice minister of MOC Ma Xiuhong.     McKinsey, the New York based consultancy, said in a report last month that China posted rapid growth in the business but was lagged behind India, whose market value was nine times that of China.     The report said that despite the challenges, China still had potential to become the main outsourcing destination in the future.

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BEIJING, March 3 (Xinhua) -- China's top political advisor Jia Qinglin on Tuesday urged his colleagues from the private sector not to lay off workers to help maintain social stability amid the global economic turmoil.     Jia, Chairman of the 11th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), said this in a report delivered at the second session of the 11th CPPCC National Committee, which convened Tuesday at the Great Hall of the People in downtown Beijing. Jia Qinglin, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), delivers a report on the work of the CPPCC National Committee's Standing Committee at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, March 3, 2009. The Second Session of the 11th CPPCC National Committee opens on Tuesday"National Committee members from the non-public sector of the economy should be encouraged to shoulder their share of social responsibilities," according to the Report on the Work of the Standing Committee of the CPPCC National Committee.     "Advisors should try their best to refrain from laying off any employees, cutting salaries or withholding wages, so as to create a harmonious labor relationship," said Jia.     The unfolding financial crisis has resulted in mass unemployment in China. Jobless migrant workers alone exceed 20 million, not to mention millions of graduates swarming into the job market every year. The Second Session of the 11th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) opens at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, March 3, 2009.A report issued in January by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (MOHRSS) showed that China's urban unemployment rate rose to 4.2 percent at the end of 2008, up 0.2 percentage points year-on-year.     The real situation is more serious, as the number of migrant workers and newly graduated college students are not included in the count.     Political advisor Wang Junjin, chairman of the Shanghai-based Junyao group, said that the grim economic situation requires people to help each other and share weal and woe.     "Employers should nurture good relations with employees. They must also take up greater social responsibility," said Wang.     According to media reports, the ongoing CPPCC session and upcoming session of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, will have deputies and advisors from more than 150 listed companies.     These companies account for about 10 percent of the firms listed on the yuan-denominated market. They include executives of large financial companies such as China Life Insurance (Group) Company and Ping An Insurance (Group) Company of China.     Jia also urged political advisors from the ethnic minorities and religious circles to play a unique role in the drive for ethnic unity and religious harmony.     The top political advisor also expressed support for the government's handling of unrest in Tibet in March last year.     "We unequivocally supported the Party and government in dealing with the destructive, disruptive, violent and illegal incidents in Lhasa, Tibet, and other areas in accordance with the law," Jia said.     Jia's speech was echoed by members from the religious circle. Advisor Huang Xinyang, president of the Beijing Taoism Association, said that the speech reflects the heartfelt wishes of advisors from the religious circle, who support the ideal of social harmony and national unity.     "A handful of separatists who advocate 'Tibet independence' do not represent the people of the religious circle and they are doomed to failure," said Huang.     Advisor Ma Guoquan from northwest Ningxia Hui Autonomous Regionsaid: "The religious policy we have now is the most appropriate. Believers have the full freedom to engage in religious activities. There is no reason for making trouble."

nturns that a retreat to narrow, short-term protectionism policies would only serve to deepen the global recession and we must not and will not allow that to happen again," said Brown.     Brown said that Britain and China supported the reform of international institutions and the creation of an early-warning system for the global economy.     The two countries would push these and other proposals at the London Summit of G20 nations in April, he added.     Wen arrived in London on Saturday for a three-day official visit. Britain is the last leg of his week-long European tour, which began on Tuesday and has already taken him to Switzerland, Germany, the European Union headquarters in Brussels and Spain.     During the visit, Wen met with people from political, business and financial circles. He also delivered a speech at the University of Cambridge.     The premier is also paying a return visit for Prime Minister Gordon Brown's China tour early last year, as part of a regular high-level meeting mechanism between the two countries.

BEIJING, April 9 (Xinhua) -- Top political advisor Jia Qinglin met visiting Taiwan journalists here Thursday, expecting media to bridge the two sides of the Taiwan Strait.     Jia, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), urged media on both sides to improve cooperation and exchanges as a bridge between people across the Strait.     Their cooperation will help create a favorable environment for cross-Straits exchanges and encourage people on both sides to work for peaceful development, he said, when meeting with journalists from the Taiwan-based United Daily News (UDN) headed by Duncan Wang, chief executive officer (CEO) of UDN Group.     Jia appreciated the efforts UDN has made to improve relations and promote cooperation across the Strait.     The two sides of the Strait have seen favorable interaction since last year, while the relations headed for a peaceful development, he said. "We hope people on both sides can benefit from the improving ties and the region can remain in peace and stability." Jia Qinglin (5th L, front), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), poses for group photo with journalists from the Taiwan-based United Daily News (UDN) headed by Duncan Wang (4th R, front), chief executive officer (CEO) of UDN Group in Beijing, capital of China, April 9, 2009.Both sides of the Strait should move ahead under the principles of building mutual trust, laying aside disputes, seeking consensus and shelving differences, and creating a win-win situation, he said.     "We can continue cross-Strait talks stage by stage, easy issues and economic topics first, difficult issues and political topics later," he said. "Now we should pay more attention to improving economic cooperation so as to normalize economic relations as early as possible."     Efforts should be made to establish an economic cooperative mechanism that fits the region's reality, he said.     The two sides of the Strait should also promote more exchanges in the cultural and education sectors and improve communications between common people, he added.     The Taiwan journalists were visiting the mainland at the invitation of Xinhua News Agency.

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HONG KONG, April 12 (Xinhua) -- About 400 enterprises in the Chinese mainland had been selected to participate in the Renminbi cross-border trade settlement pilot program, Under Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury of Hong Kong Julia Leung said here Saturday.     Speaking on a radio talk show here Saturday, Leung said enterprises in Hong Kong would soon be able to settle trades in Renminbi through the banks with the selected companies in the Chinese mainland.     Noting the program can reduce the risks and cost arising from fluctuations in exchange rates, she said Hong Kong banks could expand extensively their Renminbi services from individual clients to enterprises.     When asked whether the scheme includes trade financing, Leung said authorities in the Chinese mainland would announce the details soon.     "The Monetary Authority has made full preparation for the program including conducting tests on the Renminbi clearing system," Leung noted, adding that "the system can start operation once the Chinese mainland comes up with the operational details."     When asked whether the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) government would change Hong Kong's linked exchange rate with the U.S. dollar, the under secretary said the system had been working effectively and the HKSAR government had no plan to change it.

BEIJING, April 13 (Xinhua) -- China's Ministry of Finance (MOF) said Monday that fiscal revenue fell 0.3 percent from a year earlier to 440.22 billion yuan (64.43 billion U.S. dollars) in March.     First-quarter fiscal revenue fell 8.3 percent to 1.46 trillion yuan, the ministry said on its website, while tax revenue shrank 10.3 percent to 1.3 trillion yuan.     Fiscal revenue includes taxes as well as administrative fees and other government income, such as fines and income from government-owned assets.     Business profits shrank as economic growth slowed, the MOF said, and tax cuts intended to spur the economy and the financial markets reduced government revenues. First-quarter business income tax revenue fell 16.7 percent.     China halved the purchase tax on cars with engine displacements of less than 1.6 liters on Jan. 20, and revenue from that tax was down 7.6 percent in the first quarter.     To shore up the stock market, the government cut the share trading stamp tax from 0.3 percent to 0.1 percent last April and scrapped the stamp tax on stock purchases in September. And even though the benchmark Shanghai Composite Index is up more than 35 percent so far this year, the tax cuts on share transactions meant a decline of 86.2 percent in revenue from that category in the first quarter.     Actual revenue amounts in each category were not released.     Customs tariff revenue fell 23.9 percent during the first quarter, the MOF said, without giving further details.     Central government fiscal revenue fell 17.7 percent in the first quarter to 721.3 billion yuan, while local government fiscal revenue rose 3 percent to 742.9 billion yuan.     First-quarter fiscal expenditures surged 34.8 percent to 1.28 trillion yuan, as both the central and local governments adopted a proactive fiscal stance to boost the economy and domestic demand.     China unveiled a 4-trillion-yuan stimulus package in November to be spent over in next two years, with 1.18 trillion yuan from the central government.     Fiscal revenue exceeded 6.13 trillion yuan in 2008, up 19.5 percent.

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BEIJING, April 12 (Xinhua) -- China Pacific Insurance, one of the country's largest insurers, announced Saturday that its net profit dropped 80.6 percent to 1.339 billion yuan (196 million U.S. dollars) in 2008.     The Shanghai-based insurer attributed the profit decrease to the sluggish stock market performance and the large amount of insurance indemnity after several natural disasters last year.     However, the premium income of the company rose 26.6 percent to94.02 billion yuan, said the firm in its 2008 annual report.     Its life insurance premium income increased 30.4 percent to 66.09 billion yuan last year, ranking the third in the domestic market. Its property insurance premium rose 18.7 percent to 27.88 billion yuan, making it the second largest among its peers.

BEIJING, April 11 (Xinhua) -- China's foreign exchange reserves rose 16 percent year-on-year to 1.9537 trillion U.S. dollars by the end of March, said the People's Bank of China on Saturday.     It represents an increase of 7.7 billion dollars for the first quarter, but the increase was 146.2 billion dollars lower than the same period of last year.     Outstanding foreign currency loans stood at 235.2 billion U.S. dollars by the end of March, down 11.7 percent year on year.     In the first quarter, foreign currency loans dropped by 8.5 billion U.S. dollars. The decline was 57.3 billion U.S. dollars heavier over the same period of last year.     In March, foreign currency loans rose by 4.3 billion U.S. dollars. The increase was 6.4 billion U.S. dollars lower than the same period of last year.     Meanwhile, outstanding foreign currency deposits rose 28.9 percent, or 7.5 billion U.S. dollars, to 200.3 billion U.S. dollars in the first quarter. The increase was 13 billion U.S. dollars higher over the same period of last year.     In March alone, foreign currency deposits rose by 3.3 billion U.S. dollars. The increase was 1.8 billion U.S. dollars higher over the same month in 2008.     Analysts said the smaller growth of foreign exchange reserves in the first quarter was related with changes in the value of non-U.S.-dollar assets and money flows under the capital account.     In March alone, the foreign exchange reserves rose by 41.7 billion U.S. dollars. The increase was 6.7 billion U.S. dollars higher than the corresponding period of last year.     The country's foreign exchange reserves reduced to 1.914 trillion U.S. dollars at the end of January and 1.912 trillion U.S. dollars at the end of February.     "Changes of foreign exchange reserves in the first quarter were mainly driven by non-U.S.-dollar assets' volatile fluctuation," said Liu Yuhui, an economist with Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS).     During the first quarter, especially the first two months, non-dollar foreign currencies dropped heavily against the U.S. dollar, leaving about 40 percent of the country's non-dollar assets depreciated.     Meanwhile, the country's trade surplus had reduced during the first quarter due to a weakening external demand.     Exports fell 17.5 percent in January, 25.7 percent in February and 17.1 percent in March. In February, trade surplus plummeted by34.3 billion U.S. dollars to 4.8 billion.     "The 7.7-billion-dollar increase in foreign exchange reserves for the first quarter showed the country's economy still depends heavily on external demand," said Mei Xinyu, an economist with the Ministry of Commerce (MOC).     Yuan Gangming, a researcher with the CASS, said the smaller increase in foreign exchange reserves might also be caused by capital flight.     Official statistics show during the first two months, the actually-utilized foreign direct investment dropped by 26.2 percent.     A large proportion of the country's foreign exchange reserves are invested in U.S. treasuries and notes. Last month, the U.S. Federal Reserve announced a plan to buy up to 300 billion U.S. dollars in long-term treasuries. That added to worries in the value stability of the country's foreign exchange reserves.     Mei said the slower growth in foreign exchange reserves could be conducive to the national economic security because less capital would be exposed to devaluation risks.     "The top priority should be to keep the value of foreign exchange reserves stable," said Yuan. He suggested relevant authorities should keep a close eye on flows of foreign reserves and prevent a similar capital flight that happened after the Asian financial crisis.